hierarchy of controls 
The level of risk associated with an event can be established by assessing the chance of the event happening likelihood and the potential harm or damage. The event could cause consequences. Plan and implement controls to eliminate or reduce risks before you proceed with your task. Some types of controls are more effective than others.
与事件相关的风险水平，可以通过评估事件发生的可能性与潜在的伤害或者损害来予以确定。这一事件可能会引起后果。在继续工作之前，我们要计划并实施控制措施来对风险予以消除或者降低。事实上，某些类型的控制措施要比其他类型的控制措施要更有效。
Use the hierarchy of controls to choose the best method.
我们使用风险控制措施优先次序来选择最佳的方法。
1
Eliminating the hazard.
消除隐患
Physically removing it is the most effective hazard control.
在物理上消除隐患是对隐患进行控制的最有效的方法。
2
Substitution
替代
The second most effective hazard control involves replacing something that produces a hazard. Similar to elimination with something that does not produce a hazard.
第二种最有效的隐患控制方法，包括替换产生隐患的事物，类似于使用不产生隐患的来予以消除。
3
Engineering
工程控制
The third most effective means of controlling hazards is engineered controls. These do not eliminate hazards, but rather isolate people from hazards.
第三种最有效的隐患控制方法是：工程控制。这些措施不能消除隐患，不过却可以将人员与隐患隔离开来。
4
Administration
管理控制
Administrative controls are changes to the way people work. Examples of administrative controls include: procedure changes, employment training, and installation of signs and warning labels, such as those in the hazardous chemical information system.
管理控制是：改变人员的工作方式。管理控制的例子，包括：程序变更、岗位培训、标志和警示标识的安装，比如：危险化学品信息系统中的标志和警示标示。
5
PPE
个人防护用品
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is the last line of defense. It acts as a barrier to limit your exposure to hazards. PPE must be used to supplement higher levels of control.
个人防护用品（PPE）是最后一道防线。个人防护用品（PPE），起到了屏障的作用，限制我们去接触隐患。我们必须使用PPE来对更高级别的控制方法予以补充。
As you go about your work, continue to monitor the effectiveness of those controls and look for any changes to the task or work area.
在工作时，我们需要继续监控这些控制措施的有效性，并寻找任务或者工作区域的变化。
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