【课堂实录】美国小学低年级的科普书阅读课

实用高效的美式英语教学方法

原汁原味的美式英语幼小课堂

科普书阅读课这样读

文：芬芳

在上篇文章《Nonfiction科普书就是要这样读才有效》中，我提到了美国老师在教授科普书读物时，对于文本特征、文本结构以及阅读策略的关注。

本期的课堂实录，我们来到美国老师的课堂中，听一听在具体指导孩子们阅读时，这位老师是如何帮助孩子学习单词的。

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课堂实录

So this book is called a world of squirrels and you're gonna be reading about a rodent that we see everywhere. What's the new word you just heard? what did I just say?

Rodent.

Rodent and a rodent, oh you know what, we're gonna find out what a rodent is when rereading this book. But a squirrel is considered a rodent.

So go ahead and look through the pictures in this book and talk to your partner about what you're seeing in the pictures. So we're gonna take turns.

（老师对学生分组并布置课堂活动任务）Jackson you get to talk to the hunter Hudson about the first page and then you're gonna turn the page and Hudson you're gonna talk to Jackson about the next page. Okay? you go first and Alisa you talk to me okay? What are you noticing?

okay I'm gonna stop you. I'm going to teach you something about pictures I think that's really important. When you talk to your partner I want you to kind of point out something you notice. So for example I would say I noticed he has these really big yellow teeth. I noticed that.

Turn the page. What's something that you notice? Talk to your partner about what you notice? Go first. Go first. Go first.

What you notice? that's interesting.

okay

（对其他听课的老师说）So teachers rather than just having them retell what's in the picture like we have been doing, you want to try to get them to zoom in on one part of the illustration that might be important.

Okay guys turn to page two, there's just a couple words I need to introduce before you're ready to head out. In this book you're gonna be learning, page two, way back at the beginning, about that squirrels live in both the city and the country.

So let me show you the word country, right here. Can you put your finger on country? Kind of a tricky one. Country, it's in the near the bottom of the page. There it is. Awesome.

okay turn to page six. And here we see that the squirrel is going to bury his food because it's winter he's gonna find the food that he had already buried.

Can you find bury? That's tricky. It's in the second line. Good job. Very good. That's buried. This one is buried and this one is bury. Notice the difference between the two. Point to bury. Okay, bury their food and then point to buried. Already buried the food. Excellent. （解释bury和buried）

Now also on this page we see, no, the next page 8.

We see a bold word. A bold word is real dark, that's strictly two of them. Okay so let me talk about bold words. When you see a word that's bold that means it's in the glossary and let me show you. The glossary is the very last page of the book. Keep your finger in this page but turn to the glossary at the very end of the book. Okay? Put your finger on that page or your hand and turn all the way to the glossary.

Glossary is like a dictionary. Can you find the word rodent in the glossary? Very good. Point to the word rodent. They're good. So now let's read what it says for rodent. Read out loud with me:

An animal like mice and rats with sharp front teeth. What are they called again? Rodent.

Now I want you to find the word gnaw. That's another boldface word, that's right here. It has a silent G. This is the tricky part and what does the gnaw mean? Read your definition: to chew. Very good.

So as you read today you're gonna come across, let's go back to the beginning, now you're gonna come across one page or maybe two that have a sticky note on it. When you come to that page, you're gonna write a question that you're gonna ask your fellow students in this group. （老师事先准备好了便利贴，并已经粘在了书上。老师要求学生把问题写在便利贴上）

（老师示范如何在便利贴上写问题）So let me show you how to do this. I know you've been asking questions in the classroom but you haven't written them yet in the guided reading. So I'm gonna read this page you can follow along with me on page two.

Have you ever seen a squirrel? yeah we can read it together. Have you ever seen a squirrel? Most people have. Squirrels are everywhere. They live in the country and they live in the city.

So stop. I have to think of a word or a question. You remember what are the question words, do you remember? What your question words are? Who, what, can you give me another? Where, why. let's stick with those.

So your questions gonna start with one of those words. so I'm gonna start with the word where and I'm gonna write where do squirrels live?

Now is it answered in the book? Is it answered in the book? yep it is. Find it. Where do squirrels live? It's right there in the book. They live in two places. It's on the very end they live in the country and they live in the city. Do you see the kind of question I want you guys to ask? okay now you can turn the page and start reading.

oh wait I forgot when you come to a big word try to find the parts that will help you read that word. （老师提醒学生，如果碰到不认识的生词，可以仔细看一看该词的组成，也许从词根词缀等方面能帮助你读出该生词。）Okay. You can whisper a little bit.

课堂用语总结

Go ahead and look through the pictures in this book and talk to your partner about what you're seeing in the pictures. So we're gonna take turns.
我们看书中图片，并且告诉你的同桌，你在图片上看到了什么。两人一组，轮流来说。
okay I'm gonna stop you.
现在我要打断你一下。
Can you put your finger on country?
Canyou find bury?
Point to bury.
这些句子是让孩子找到书中的某个单词，这些单词是课堂所学单词。
letme show you how to do this.
我来给你们示范如何做。
when you come to a big word try to find the parts that will help you read that word.
仔细研究单词的组成部分