图灵奖得主：中国高校更应关注本科生的教育质量以及所有学生的教育

11月1日上午，在第四届世界顶尖科学家论坛开幕式上，1986年图灵奖得主约翰·霍普克罗夫特进行《开放科学：科学传播与人才培养》主题演讲时表示，“我们需要注意到，科学人才均匀分布在世界各地，而教育机会不是。”“需要找到有效的方法改善全世界的教育。”

On the morning of November 1, at the opening ceremony of the 4th World Laureates, John Edward Hopcroft, conducted，"We need to be aware that scientific talent is evenly distributed around the world, whereas educational opportunity is not.""We need to find effective ways to improve education around the world."

霍普克罗夫特是美国计算机科学家，研究领域为理论计算机科学。

Hopcroft is an American computer scientist specializing in theoretical computer science. 

"One of the reasons for this is that Chinese universities focus on increasing their international recommendations.The main components of international reputation are research,funding and publications." "The metrics need to change to focus on the quality of undergraduate faculty,"says Mr Hopcroft.

他认为，高校的评价体系需要改变，需要放更多重点在教学质量上。要让教师们考虑到这些问题：上课的课件是否为最新版本、教师是否和学生互动、教师是否对其所教领域知识丰富。

He believes the evaluation system of universities needs to be changed to put more emphasis on the quality of teaching. Let the teachers consider such issues as whether the courseware in class is the latest version, whether the teacher interacts with the students, and whether the teacher is knowledgeable about the area he is teaching.

他举出自己的一个经历。他曾旁听一位年轻教师授课，讲解数学公式。一开始，30名同学听讲都很认真，但30分钟之后，一半的学生都开小差了。此前，这个老师写了一个公式，并用20分钟讲这个公式是怎么来的。

He cited one of his own experiences. He once sat in on a young teacher explaining mathematical formulas. At first, 30 students listened attentively, but after 30 minutes, half of them were in their heads. Earlier, the teacher had written a formula and spent 20 minutes explaining where it came from.

“讲座结束后，我告诉她发生了什么。我们讨论了一会儿，得出结论是学生们没有理解数学定理所说的内容。如果她能令人愉快地解释这个定理可能会更好，解释这个定理为什么很重要、如何应用。她本可以让全班同学将定理的直观形式转换为数学定理。我们也讨论到用20分钟讲一个定理是有意义的，也许应该注重其中的关键步骤。我们还讨论希望学生6个月后还有哪些记忆留存。”霍普克罗夫特认为，教育的重点不是老师说了什么，而是学生记住了什么、能否实际应用。

"After the lecture, I told her what had happened. We discussed it for a while and concluded that the students did not understand what the mathematical theorems said. It would have been better if she had pleasantly explained the theorem, why it was important and how it could be applied. She could have asked the class to translate the intuitive form of a theorem into a mathematical theorem. We also talked about how it makes sense to talk about a theorem for 20 minutes, and maybe focus on the key steps. We also discuss what memories we want our students to have six months later." According to Hopcroft, education is not about what the teacher says, but what the student remembers and can be used.

他认为，有相当多的中国学生到美国高校攻读博士学位，其中很多人更愿意留在美国的原因在于，中国的高校不能提供他们想要的环境，筹集研究经费和发表论文的压力太大，很多年轻教员不得不为资深教师工作。这不是一个教育学生或者做基础研究的良好环境。

He think，a significant number of Chinese students pursue PHDS at American universities, and many of them prefer to stay in the United States，the reason is that Chinese universities do not provide the environment they want. There is too much pressure to raise research funds and publish papers, and many young faculty have to work for senior faculty. It's not a good environment to educate students or do basic research.

他表示，“现在全球的教育体系都存在各种问题，人才培养也存在各种问题。”

"There are all kinds of problems in education systems around the world right now, and there are all kinds of problems in talent development," he said.

“中国的目标应该是让一些大学成为世界上最好的大学。”霍普克罗夫特表示，“当中国创建了一些世界顶尖大学后，外国大学就会让中国博士生担任教职，以改善其教育机构。实际上，世界上大部分人都处在没有优质教育系统的国家。我们需要改善全世界的教育系统，因此我们可以利用全世界的人才。”

"China's goal should be to make some of its universities the best in the world." "When China has created some of the world's top universities, foreign universities will have Chinese PhD students on faculty to improve their educational institutions," says Hopcroft. In fact, most of the world's people live in countries without quality education systems. We need to improve education systems around the world so that we can tap into the talent of the world."

20191116Voice,with Professor John Edward Hopcroft:China has a real emphasis on education and improving its education system.

“我在比你们年龄略大一些的时候，专注于建立自己的专业，但是现在我想做一些会对世界有重要影响的事情，这也是你们想问的我为什么回会来中国工作的原因之一。

"When I was a little older than you, I focused on building my profession, but now I want to do something that will make a big difference in the world, which is one of the reasons why I came back to Work in China. 

在这之前，我大概在十五个国家工作过，智利、巴西、墨西哥、沙特阿拉伯、突尼斯、印度等等，尝试帮助他们改善教育。我会教授一课程帮助到一些学生，帮助一些老师，但是我却没有能力改善教育体系。

Before that, I had worked in about 15 countries, Chile, Brazil, Mexico, Saudi Arabia, Tunisia, India, and so on, trying to help improve their education. I would teach a course that would help some students and help some teachers, but I didn't have the ability to improve the education system.

所以我就意识到，如果政府没有把改善教育作为最为重要的事项，谁都无能为力。

So I realized that if the government didn't make improving education a top priority, there was nothing anyone could do. 

So I think education in China is going to change very quickly. Right now the top priority in China is to improve the standard of living by improving education. I've seen some changes in education in China over the years, and companies are able to hire the people they need."

The 4th World Laureates Forum was held in lingang New Area of China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone from November 1 to 3. 131, including 68 Nobel Prize winner, the world's top science award winner, 28 member of Chinese both at home and abroad, a 132 - bit's top young scientist, "small scientists" on behalf of the future, as well as from international organizations, international top universities and research institutions and well-known corporate guests representatives and other guests hundreds of people from all walks of life, It spans 23 countries, more than 100 cities and 14 time zones.

读者热线：400-803-1977

商务合作WeChat：13716319877

关注留学行业最新消息

客观深入报道行业事件

提供有价值的优质服务

想你所想 为你而来

入驻光明网、网易、腾讯、今日头条、一点资讯等各大平台