译者 | 吴紫玉 杜伦大学LL.B.
一审 | 董辰 中国政法大学硕士
二审 | 陈飞越 爱丁堡LL.M.
编辑 | 邹鹏 吉林大学法硕
         李建云 湖南师范大学本科

责编 | 戚琳颖 大连海事大学本科
Changes to student visa route will reduce net migration
学生签证途径的变更将带来净移民数量的下降
From: Home Office, Department for Education,The Rt Hon Suella Braverman KC MP, and The Rt Hon Gillian Keegan MP （23/5/2023）
New government restrictions to student visa routes will cut net migration while protecting the economic benefits students bring to the UK.
政府对学生签证的新限制将减少净移民数量，同时保护学生给英国带来的经济利益。
New government restrictions to student visa routes will substantially cut net migration by restricting the ability for international students to bring family members on all but post-graduate research routes and banning people from using a student visa as a backdoor route to work in the UK.
政府新出台的对学生签证路线的限制将大幅削减净移民人数。该措施将限制通过国际学生签证路径（除研究生路线外）携带家属，并禁止人们利用学生签证作为在英国工作的“后门”途径。
The ONS estimated that net migration was over 500,000 from June 2021 to June 2022. Although partly attributed to the rise in temporary factors, such as the UK’s Ukraine and Hong Kong schemes, last year almost half a million student visas were issued while the number of dependants of overseas students has increased by 750% since 2019, to 136,000 people.
英国国家统计局估计，2021年6月到2022年6月期间的净移民人数超过了50万。尽管这个数字可以部分归因于一些短期因素，如英国的乌克兰和香港计划，但去年几乎发放了50万份学生签证。同时，海外学生的家属人数自2019年以来增加了7.5倍，达到了13.6万人。
The government has also reaffirmed its commitment to the International Education Strategy which plays an important part in supporting the economy through the economic contribution students can bring to the UK.
政府还重申了对国际教育战略作出的承诺。通过学生给英国带来的经济贡献，国际教育战略在支持经济方面发挥着重要作用。
（图片来源于网络）
However, this should not be at the expense of the government’s commitment to the public to lower overall migration and ensure that migration to the UK is highly skilled and provides the most benefit.
然而，这不应牺牲政府对公众“降低总体移民人数以确保移民到英国的人员为高技术人员且能够带来最大利益”的承诺为代价。
Today’s proposals to the student visa route allow the government to continue to meet its International Education Strategy commitments, while making a tangible contribution to reducing net migration to sustainable levels. The government has also made clear that the terms of the graduate route remain unchanged.
现今对学生签证方案的提议使政府能够继续履行其国际教育战略承诺，同时也可对降低净移民人数至可持续性水平方面做出有实质影响的贡献。政府还明确表示，研究生签证方案的条款保持不变。
The new reforms will come into effect for students starting in January next year. The government will however work with the higher education sector to explore alternative options to ensure the brightest and best students can continue to bring dependents when they study at the UK’s world-leading universities.
这些新改革将于明年一月份开始适用于新入学的学生。同时，政府将与高等教育部门合作，探索替代选项，以确保最优秀的学生在就读英国世界顶尖大学时能够继续携带家属。
To prevent misuse of the visa system, overseas students will be stopped from switching from the student visa route into work routes until their studies have been completed. The government will also review the funds students must have to demonstrate they can look after themselves and their dependants in the UK, as well as clamp down on unscrupulous international student agents who may be supporting inappropriate applications.
为防止签证系统被滥用，海外学生将被禁止在完成学业之前从学生签证转入工作签证。政府还将审查学生的资金，要求其必须达到在英国可以自行照顾自己和家属的水平。另外，政府还将打击可能支持不正当申请的一些不择手段的国际学生中介。
（图片来源于网络）
Taken together with the easing of temporary factors, net migration is expected to fall considerably over the medium term. As such, the changes to student visas strike the right balance in supporting the UK economy, including world-leading education institutions, and upholding the government’s commitment to reducing overall net migration.Home Secretary Suella Braverman said:
考虑到当短期因素受到减缓后，中期内净移民人数预计将大幅下降。因此，学生签证条款的变更将使得英国在支持经济，包括支持世界领先的教育机构，和坚持政府降低总体净移民的承诺之间取得刚好的平衡。内政大臣苏埃拉·布拉弗曼表示：
The UK is a top destination for the brightest students to learn at some of the world’s best universities. But we have seen an unprecedented rise in the number of student dependents being brought into the country with visas. 
英国一直以来都是最优秀的学生在世界顶尖大学里学习的首选目的地。但我们看到学生家属持签证入境的数量出现了前所未有的增长。
It is time for us to tighten up this route to ensure we can cut migration numbers and meet the government’s pledge to the British people to cut net migration. This is the fair thing to do to allow us to better protect our public services, while supporting the economy by allowing the students who contribute the most to keep coming here. 
是时候对这条途径进行一些管制措施，以确保我们能够减少移民人数，并兑现政府对英国民众作出的减少净移民的承诺。这是一个合理的做法，可以更好地保护我们的公共服务，并且让有能力做出最大贡献的学生继续来到英国，实现对经济的支持。
The proposals announced today do not detract from the success of the government’s International Education Strategy, including meeting the target to host 600,000 international higher education students studying in the UK each year by 2030, for two years running. 
现今颁布的此项提案并不会削弱政府在国际教育战略上的成功，包括在连续两年内实现在2030年前每年接受60万名国际高等教育学生来英国学习的目标。
（图片来源于网络）
Education Secretary Gillian Keegan said:Attracting the top students from around the world isn’t just good for our universities - it’s essential for our economy and building vital global relationships.
教育大臣吉莉安·基根说：吸引来自世界各地的顶尖学生不仅对我们的大学有好处，对我们的经济和搭建重要的全球关系也是至关重要的。
But the number of family members being brought to the UK by students has risen significantly. It is right we are taking action to reduce this number while maintaining commitment to our International Education Strategy, which continues to enrich the UK’s education sector and make a significant contribution to the wider economy.
然而，随着来英国就读的学生的陪读家属的人数大幅增加，政府合理正确地采取行动减少这一数字，并同时坚持我们的国际教育战略，而这将不断充实英国的教育领域，并对整体经济做出重要贡献。
Following the UK leaving the EU, the government introduced a points-based immigration system, giving the government full control of the country’s borders, which is designed to flex to the needs of the economy and labour market and ensure we have the skills and talent needed by UK businesses and the NHS. 
英国脱欧后，政府引入了基于积分的移民制度，使政府拥有了对边境的全面控制，旨在灵活适应经济和劳动力市场的需求，并确保我们拥有英国企业和国民保健系统所需的技能和人才。
The government keeps its immigration policies under review to ensure they are delivering on commitments to the public on net migration. 
政府会对移民政策进行定期审查以确保其能够履行对公众在净移民方面作出的承诺。
原文链接：
https://www.gov.uk/government/news/changes-to-student-visa-route-will-reduce-net-migration
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英国
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净移民
学生签证