法律翻译｜《哈佛法学评论》第132卷第5期目录+摘要

译者 | 王学康  南京大学本科

一审 | 刘汉青  北京师范大学硕士研究生

二审 | LYJ  NUS LL.M 

编辑 |

李建云 湖南师范大学本科

责编 | 王有蓉 中国政法大学硕士

For centuries, prisoners in the United States were housed together regardless of their citizenship status. That changed in 1999 when the federal government began to send noncitizens into separate prisons. Today, tens of thousands of people — more than half of all noncitizens in federal prison — live in an institution segregated by citizenship. The vast majority of these people are Mexican nationals. Nearly all of them are Latino.

几个世纪以来，无论其国籍为何，美国将所有囚犯关押在一起。这种情况在1999年时发生了变化，联邦政府开始将外籍人士送进单独的监狱。时至今日，数以万计的人——联邦监狱里超过一半的外籍人士——生活在一个国籍隔离的机构里。他们中的绝大多数都是墨西哥国民。几乎所有人都是拉丁裔。

The rise of the all-foreign prison raises pressing questions about federal immigration power and noncitizens’ equal protection rights. Yet no legal scholarship examines these unusual institutions. Few even know they exist. Drawing on extensive data from the Bureau of Prisons, internal agency documents, interviews, and other primary sources, this Article provides the first account of the all-foreign prison. It notes that these prisons are insulated from meaningful judicial review by an alienage jurisprudence that affords deference to any federal policy characterized as migration control. And it critiques this doctrine, arguing that courts need a more coherent and defensible conception of the relationship between national sovereignty and noncitizens’ equal protection rights. To that end, this Article advances a simple claim: only core immigration activities — setting rules on entry, exit, and naturalization — should count as migration control. Other species of state action, including segregating foreign national prisoners, may affect where and how immigrants live their lives. But they are not the kind of migration control that warrants deference from federal courts.