2017 Nobel Prize in Chemistry Awarded to Prof. Joachim Frank
哥伦比亚大学举办约阿希姆·弗兰克教授诺奖获奖座谈，哥大校长李·C·布林格博士与哥大医学中心执行长李·戈德曼博士致贺词
2017年10月4日，瑞典皇家科学院公布，2017年诺贝尔化学奖由哥伦比亚大学教授约阿希姆·弗兰克博士，瑞士洛桑大学教授雅克·杜博谢博士，以及英国剑桥大学分子生物学实验室科学家理查德·亨德森博士共同获得。
截至2017年，哥伦比亚大学的校友、教授、教员、研究员、助教与管理者中共产生了83位诺贝尔奖获得者。
具体名单请访问：
http://www.columbia.edu/content/nobel-laureates.html
哥伦比亚大学祝贺生化与分子生物物理学及生命科学教授约阿希姆·弗兰克（Joachim Frank）博士，因“开发用于对溶液中的生物分子进行高分辨率结构测定的冷冻电镜技术”，与理查德·亨德森（Richard Henderson）和雅克·杜伯谢（Jacques Dubochet）共同获得2017年诺贝尔化学奖。
Columbia University congratulates Joachim Frank, PhD, professor of biochemistry and molecular biophysics and of biological sciences, a winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2017, shared with Richard Henderson and Jacques Dubochet "for developing cryo-electron microscopy for the high-resolution structure determination of biomolecules in solution."
约阿希姆·弗兰克（Joachim Frank）博士，哥伦比亚大学医学中心（CUMC）生物化学与分子生物物理学教授，哥伦比亚大学生命科学教授。弗兰克博士是冷冻电镜研发领域的开拓者之一，该技术用于在高分辨率下呈现有机大分子的结构。
Joachim Frank, PhD, is a professor of biochemistry and molecular biophysics at Columbia University Medical Center and biological sciences at Columbia University. Dr. Frank helped pioneer the development of cryo-electron microscopy, a technique used to reveal the structures of large organic molecules at high resolution.
弗兰克博士开发了从上千张生物分子二维图片中重建其三维立体形状的必要算法。目前，多数使用电子显微镜的结构生物学家都会使用该算法（进行科学研究）。
Dr. Frank developed the necessary computational methods for reconstructing the three-dimensional shape of biological molecules from thousands of two-dimensional images of molecules, methods employed today by most structural biologists who use electron microscopy.
冷冻电镜技术被结构生物学家广泛应用于研究细胞内驱动蛋白质合成的分子过程。利用该技术，弗兰克博士获得了关于细胞内核糖体（作为细胞内“工厂”的复合分子）与其他蛋白质相互作用的重要发现。在2013年发表在《自然》（Nature）上的论文中，弗兰克博士发现了引发非洲昏睡病的寄生虫内核糖体的独特细节，这将有利于该疾病的新药研发。同年后期，在另一篇发表在《自然》的论文中，他揭示了病毒RNA（核糖核酸）如何通过控制宿主细胞的核糖体制造新的病毒。
Cryo-electron microscopy is commonly used by structural biologists to study the molecular processes inside cells that drive protein synthesis. Using this technique, Dr. Frank has made important discoveries about the interactions between ribosomes (complex molecules that serve as the 'factories' of the cell) and other proteins in the cell. In a 2013 paper in Nature, Dr. Frank uncovered unique details about ribosomes from the parasite that causes African sleeping sickness that could lead to the development of new drugs for this disease. In another Naturepaper later that year, he revealed how viral RNA commandeers the ribosome of the virus's host to produce new viruses.
弗兰克博士生于二战时期的德国。他于德国弗莱堡大学获得物理学学士，并于德国慕尼黑大学获得硕士学位。之后弗兰克博士在慕尼黑理工大学获得物理学博士学位，并在该校担任教授。在加州大学伯克利校区进行博士后研究期间，他与冷冻电镜领域的先驱，罗伯特·格莱泽（Robert Glaeser）一起工作。此后，弗兰克博士到剑桥大学进行研究工作，并最终于2008年前往纽约，在哥伦比亚大学任职。
Dr. Frank was born in Germany during World War II. He received his undergraduate degree in physics from the University of Freiberg and a master's degree from the University of Munich. Later, Dr. Frank earned a PhD in physics from the Technical University of Munich, where he taught as a professor. He conducted post-doctoral work at the University of California at Berkeley, where he worked with Robert Glaeser, a pioneer in cryo-electron microscopy. Subsequently, Dr. Frank performed research at University of Cambridge before heading to New York, where he would eventually join Columbia University in 2008.
弗兰克博士是美国国家科学院、美国文理科学院院士，美国科学促进协会院士、美国生物物理学会院士。2014年，他获得了由费城富兰克林研究所颁发的富兰克林生命科学奖章。一年之后，弗兰克博士又获得了极富盛名的威利生物医学奖。在1998年至2017年间，他曾担任霍华德·休斯医学研究所的研究员。
Dr. Frank is a member of the National Academy of Sciences and the American Academy of Arts & Sciences, and a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science and of the Biophysical Society. In 2014, he was awarded the Franklin Medal in Life Science by the Franklin Institute in Philadelphia. This past year, Dr. Frank was also awarded the prestigious Wiley Prize in Biomedical Sciences. He was a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator from 1998 to 2017.
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编译：南心
校对：慎之
责编：慎之

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