瑞典遗传学家独享2022年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖!
海归学者发起的公益学术平台
分享信息,整合资源
北京时间2022年10月3日17时35分(斯德哥尔摩时间2022年10月3日 11时 35分),2022年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予瑞典遗传学家 Svante Pääbo ,以表彰他在“已灭绝古人类基因组和人类进化领域的重要发现”。
颁 奖 词
for his discoveries concerning the genomes of extinct hominins and human evolution
Humanity has always been intrigued by its origins. Where do we come from, and how are we related to those who came before us? What makes us, Homo sapiens, different from other hominins?
Through his pioneering research, Svante Pääbo accomplished something seemingly impossible: sequencing the genome of the Neanderthal, an extinct relative of present-day humans. He also made the sensational discovery of a previously unknown hominin, Denisova.
Importantly, Pääbo also found that gene transfer had occurred from these now extinct hominins to Homo sapiens following the migration out of Africa around 70,000 years ago. This ancient flow of genes to present-day humans has physiological relevance today, for example affecting how our immune system reacts to infections.
Pääbo’s seminal research gave rise to an entirely new scientific discipline; paleogenomics. By revealing genetic differences that distinguish all living humans from extinct hominins, his discoveries provide the basis for exploring what makes us uniquely human.
诺贝尔生理学或医学奖旨在奖励那些对人类在生理学或医学领域里作出突出贡献的科学家。迄今为止,最年轻的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖获得者是弗雷德里克·班廷(Frederick G.Banting),他在1923年获奖时,年仅32岁;最年长的是佩顿·罗斯(Peyton Rous),他在1966年获奖时,已经87岁。2015年,中国药学家屠呦呦与爱尔兰医学家威廉·坎贝尔、日本科学家大村智分享诺贝尔生理学或医学奖,成为第一位获得该奖的中国本土科学家。2021年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予戴维·朱利叶斯和雅顿·帕塔普蒂安,获奖理由:发现温度和触觉感受器。
诺贝尔奖是以瑞典著名化学家、硝化甘油炸药发明人阿尔弗雷德·贝恩哈德·诺贝尔的部分遗产作为基金创立的,诺贝尔奖包括金质奖章、证书和奖金支票。在遗嘱中他提出,将部分遗产(920万美元)作为基金,以其利息分设物理、化学、生理或医学、文学及和平(后添加了‘经济’奖)5种奖金,授予世界各国在这些领域对人类做出重大贡献的学者。
本文系网易新闻·网易号“各有态度”特色内容
媒体转载联系授权请看下方
最新评论
推荐文章
作者最新文章
你可能感兴趣的文章
Copyright Disclaimer: The copyright of contents (including texts, images, videos and audios) posted above belong to the User who shared or the third-party website which the User shared from. If you found your copyright have been infringed, please send a DMCA takedown notice to [email protected]. For more detail of the source, please click on the button "Read Original Post" below. For other communications, please send to [email protected].
版权声明:以上内容为用户推荐收藏至CareerEngine平台,其内容(含文字、图片、视频、音频等)及知识版权均属用户或用户转发自的第三方网站,如涉嫌侵权,请通知[email protected]进行信息删除。如需查看信息来源,请点击“查看原文”。如需洽谈其它事宜,请联系[email protected]。
版权声明:以上内容为用户推荐收藏至CareerEngine平台,其内容(含文字、图片、视频、音频等)及知识版权均属用户或用户转发自的第三方网站,如涉嫌侵权,请通知[email protected]进行信息删除。如需查看信息来源,请点击“查看原文”。如需洽谈其它事宜,请联系[email protected]。