最新GRE阅读答案替换，维夕独家阅读方法论，看完答案秒选！！

纵观这几次在家考试试题，我们发现，

GRE阅读一共有三处等价替换，而正确选项与原文有六大替换。

这三处等价替换分别为：

原文上下文的等价替换、题目与原文的替换、正确选项与原文的替换。

正确选项与原文的六大替换包括：

同义替换、反义替换、词性替换、抽象与具体替换、主动与被动的替换、数字与文字的替换。

熟悉这些替换，一方面可以帮助大家快速阅读，

另一方面，做题的时候，可以快速找到正确选项。

下面咱们一起来看看~

现先附上维夕独家讲解视频

超详细的解题套路和方法综述

视频较长，建议收藏

2020 GRE冲鸭
！~~

原文内部的替换

📃【原文】A Marxist sociologist has argued that racismstems from the class struggle that is unique to the capitalist system—that racial prejudice is generated bycapitalists as a means of controlling workers.His thesis works relatively well when applied to discriminationagainst Blacks in the United States, but his definition of racial prejudice as “racially-based negative prejudgmentsagainst a group generally accepted as a race in any given region of ethnic competition,” can be interpreted as also including hostilitytoward such ethnic groups as the Chinese in California and the Jews in medieval Europe. However, since prejudiceagainst these latter peoples was not inspired bycapitalists, he has to reason that such antagonisms were not really based on race. He disposes thusly (albeit unconvincingly) of both the intolerancefaced by Jews before the rise of capitalism and the early twentieth-century discriminationagainstOriental people in California, which, inconveniently, was instigated by workers.

📄【解析】上面的相同的符号标记，代表该GRE文章中上下文的大量的等价替换。

中文释义			原文中等价替换的内容
种族偏见			racism—racial prejudice— discrimination—racial prejudice— racially-based negative prejudgment— hostility—antagonisms— intolerance—discrimination
起源于			stems form—generated by— inspired by —based on— instigated by —provoked by
资本社会/主义			capitalist system—capitalists— capitalism
马克思专家			A Marxist sociologist— His—He
阶级斗争			class struggle— a means of controlling workers
针对			against—toward—against
中国人民			Chinese— Oriental people

那么大家思考过没有，文章在后面展开过程中，为啥不断地同义替换那几个词？也就是大家如果在看文章第一句：A Marxist sociologist has argued that racism stems from the class struggle that is unique to the capitalist system—that racial prejudice is generated by capitalists as a means of controlling workers.的时候，应该想到什么？

其实，如果对GRE阅读的套路熟悉的话，不难发现这篇文章应该属于作者反驳别人观点的文章。

那么我们思考一下，针对马克思专家的这个观点，后面作者会怎么反驳那个马克思学家？

没错，应该是从如下两点：

1.在某种情况下，也存在racism，可是不是由于class struggle.

2.在某种情况下，也存在racism，可是那时候，还没有capitalist system.

第一点反驳：在某种情况下，作者得说也存在这种偏见。

第二点反驳：同样，作者也得说，在某种情况下，也存在偏见，可是那时候还没有资本主义。

也就是我们在后文的不断的反驳中，不得不去重复这几个概念：偏见、来自于、资本主义。

试想一下，

如果我们在看文章的时候，在脑海里，把刚才那些所有的同义替换的单词，都理解为同一个概念，或者说idea，那么我们看文章的时候，就可以把前面看到的概念和后面看到的“联系”起来。

这样，就不会像大多数的中国考生那样，看到后面的intolerance, antagonisms 的时候，就开始绞尽脑汁地回想那些单词的中文意思。

大家再思考一下，

如果我们能够有这种“deliberate oversimplification”，

也就是在看文章的时候，有意的把那些相同的概念的单词联系起来，脑海里出现同一个“概念”，而不是每个单词的对应的中文翻译。

那么，

看起文章来，就够快，而且，最重要的是，你可以把整篇文章联系起来！

这样，在考场上看文章的时候，才可以在规定的时间里，看完文章并且做完题目。以上所探讨的问题，也是大家在备考的时候，应该注意到并且熟悉的一点。

题目与原文的题目

📃【原文】The Kamioka findings have potentially far-reaching ramifications. They strongly suggest that the neutrinos has mass, albeit an infinitesimal amount. Even a tiny mass means that neutrinos would outweigh all the universe’s visible matter, because of their vast numbers.

(From Official GRE VERBAL REASONING Practice Questions Volume 1 p.129)

📄【题目】According to the passage, one significant implication of the discovery that neutrinos have mass is that such a discovery would...

📋【解析】认真比较题目与原文的同学不难发现，题目中的 significant, implication, discovery分别与原文的far-reaching，ramifications, finding同义替换。快速识别这些替换，可以帮助我们在考场上快速看清题目与原文的关系，以及有助于我们对题目所考查的内容进行快速定位。

正确选项与原文的替换

标记符号说明：

1.题目与原文的替换（对应）用绿色字体下横线表示

2.正确选项与原文的替换（对应）用黑色字体下横线表示

同义替换

3.1

📃【原文】That view was challenged in the 1960s, when studies of Moon craters revealed that these craters were caused by the impact of objects that were in great abundance about 4.5 billion years ago but whose number appeared to have quickly decreased shortly thereafter. This observation rejuvenated Otto Schmidt’s 1944 theory of accretion.

(From Official GRE VERBAL REASONING Practice Questions Volume 1 p.110)

📄【题目】Which of the following best describes the “observation” referred to in the passage?

📖【正确选项】The number of objects colliding with the Moon appears to have been high for a while and then rapidly diminished.

📋【例题分析】正确选项里的rapidly替换了原文里的quickly。此外，本例题还包括了许多的同义替换，例如：impact=colliding ; high=abundance; diminished=decreased.

反义替换

3.2

📃【原文】Its subject (to use Maynard Mack’s categories) is “life-as-spectacle,” for readers, diverted by its various incidents, observe its hero Odysseus primarily from without; the tragic Iliad, however, presents “life-as-experience”: readers are asked to identify with the mind of Achilles, whose motivations render him a not particularly likable hero.

📄【题目】The author suggests that the variety of incidents in the Odyssey is likely to deter the reader from

📖【正确选项】 concentrating on the psychological states of the poem’s central character

📋【例题分析】该题挺有意思的。根据题目当中的variety of incidents可以知道，题目和原文的various incidents对应（词性的替换），因此答案就在该句。

细读该句，我们不难发现，由分号后面的however一词可以判断，该句分号前后为反义逻辑关系。因此可以知道分号前后其实也是平行结构，也就是一一对应。

例如：

“life-as-spectacle” 与“life-as-experience”对应；

observe与identify with对应；

without与mind对应（相反）。

Odysseus与Achilles对应。

回到题目，我们不难发现，

题目当中有一个短语搭配尤为重要，那就是deter...from doing something，该搭配相当于prevent...from doing something，也就是不让...干嘛。而题目原文当中是没有这个否定的表达的。

原文为：对小伙伴们而言，由于被它的不同的情节所分散注意力，大家会从Odysseus外部的世界（without）来理解它的主人公Odysseus。