法国疫苗强制接种令频遭医护人员反对

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While most French health care workers are vaccinated against the virus, a small but vocal minority is holding out. With infections exploding, a new law requiring them to get the shots is exposing the divide.

尽管大多数法国医护人员已经接种疫苗以抵御病毒，仍有一小部分人员坚持反对。伴随着感染人数的激增，已出台的强制接种疫苗政策正在暴露二者之间的分歧。

The French government, which has declared that the nation has officially entered its “fourth wave” of the pandemic, pushed the law mandating COVID-19 vaccines for health care workers, to protect hospitals and avoid a new lockdown. Government spokesman Gabriel Attal says the move isn’t meant to stigmatize reluctant health care workers but to limit risks to the vulnerable people they care for.

法国政府宣称全国已经进入疫情爆发的第四次高峰，为保证医院的安全并避免新一轮的封城，法国出台了医护工作者强制接种疫苗的法规。政府新闻发言人加布里埃尔·阿塔尔表示，这一举动并非有意侮辱不情愿接种的医护工作者，而是为了规避受他们照顾的虚弱病人被感染的风险。

The law, adopted by parliament early Monday, also sets up a “health pass” for everyone in order to access restaurants and other public venues. Both measures have prompted intense debate and two straight weekends of protests around France. Health care workers in white coats have been among the demonstrators.

议会于周一通过的这项法律为每个人设置了“健康通行证”，以便可以进入餐馆及其他公共场所。这两项举措在法国全境引发了激烈的辩论和连续两个周末的抗议活动。身穿白大褂的医护工作者也在示威者之中。

Many cite incorrect information about the vaccines circulating on the internet, worry about their long-term effects or want more time to decide. Several health workers said they took issue with the mandate, not the vaccines themselves.

许多人引用源自网络的错误信息，担心接种疫苗会对身体造成长期影响，他们想要更多的时间来决定。几位医护工作者表示，他们反对的是强制接种的政策而并非疫苗本身。

At one Paris protest, some carried signs reading “My body, my choice,” and a health worker dressed as the Statue of Liberty called it an “act of violence” to force people to get vaccinated.

在巴黎的一项抗议活动中，一些人举着写有“我的身体，我的选择”的标语，一名装扮成自由女神的医护工作者称，这是强迫人们接种疫苗的“暴力行为”。

Céline Augen, a secretary at a doctor’s office, knows she may lose her job if she refuses to get a shot but protested Saturday anyway.

赛林·奥根是一位医生办公室的秘书，她知道如果拒绝接种疫苗她将有可能失去工作，但是她仍然参加了周六的抗议活动。

“I’m here today in favor of the freedom to chose to get vaccinated or not,” she said.

“我今天来到这里是为了支持可以选择是否接种疫苗的自由”，她说。

Solene Manable, a recent nursing school graduate who is working in a Lille hospital, said, “There are many health workers who don’t want to get vaccinated because we don’t know much about the vaccines.”

在里尔一家医院工作的刚刚在护理学校毕业的学生索林·马纳布尔说，“有许多医护工作者不想接种疫苗的原因是我们并不是很了解疫苗。”

Scientists say that is simply not true anymore. The vaccines used in France — Pfizer, Moderna, AstraZeneca and Johnson & Johnson — were tested in tens of thousands of people around the world, and results of the studies have been shared with the public. More than 2 billion people worldwide have now received coronavirus vaccines, including most French adults, providing a broad overview of vaccines’ impact on people’s health.

科学家们说，这种说法是不正确的。在法国使用的疫苗——辉瑞、莫德纳、阿斯利康和强生（杨森）——已经在世界各地数万人身上进行了测试，其测试的结果也早已分享给公众。全球目前有20多亿人口接种了新冠疫苗，其中包括大多数法国成年人，这为疫苗对于人健康的影响提供了一个全面的概述。

Vaccine hesitancy among some health workers has been an issue in the U.S. and elsewhere, too. But the French mandate is stirring up anger on the political fringes in a country long considered more vaccine-skeptic than its European neighbors.

在美国和其他地方，针对疫苗接种的犹豫不决也是一个问题。但是比起其他对疫苗持怀疑态度的欧洲邻国，法国的强制执行令激起了国家范围内的政治边缘的矛盾。

France has faced medical scandals in recent decades involving vaccines, diet pills and breast implants that have seeded doubts about the medical establishment. Suspicion of big pharmaceutical companies is relatively common, and politicians on both the extreme right and the left are now fueling that skepticism for their own ends.

近几十年来，法国一直面临疫苗、减肥药和隆胸等医疗丑闻，这些丑闻引发了人们对于医疗机构的质疑。公众对于大型制药公司的怀疑是相对普遍的，极左和极右的政客们为了自己的目的也在为这种怀疑推波助澜。

Retired doctor Bruno de Ligny, who volunteers in vaccination centers in Normandy, stressed that the technology behind the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines widely used in France, while new, has been under research for more than 20 years. He also noted that French health workers must already be vaccinated against hepatitis B – a vaccine not compulsory for the rest of the population — but “no one claimed that was dictatorial when it was implemented.”

在诺曼底疫苗接种中心担任志愿者的退休医生布鲁诺·德·里尼强调，法国广泛使用的辉瑞和莫德纳疫苗背后的技术虽然是新的，但已经进行了20多年的研究。他还指出，法国医护工作者必须接种乙肝疫苗——这种疫苗的接种对其他人群来说并非强制性的——但“在这项规定实施时，没有人称这是独裁。”

“These health workers say they want the ‘freedom’ not to be vaccinated,” he said. “They do not realize that what they are really asking for is the freedom to kill.”

“这些医护工作者说他们想要不接种疫苗的自由，”他说，“他们没有意识到的是其实他们真正在要求的是谋杀他人的自由。”

Patrick Pelloux, president of the emergency room doctors’ union Association des Médecins Urgentistes de France, lauded the French government for taking decisive action in the face of rising infections. The country is now seeing about 20,000 new infections a day, up from just a few thousand in early July, and has counted over 111,000 virus-related deaths in the pandemic.

法国急诊室医生协会主席帕特里克·佩洛克斯称赞法国政府在面对不断上升的感染病例时采取了果断行动。目前，该国每天有大约2万例新感染病例，而7月初时日感染病例只有几千例，在这场大流行中，与病毒相关的死亡病例已超过11.1万例。

Pelloux said workers in the lowest-skill health care jobs are among the most vaccine-wary, a symptom of what he called an overlooked “class struggle” in public hospitals, where there is little interaction between different levels of medical workers.

佩洛克斯说，从事技术水平最低的卫生保健工作的工作人员对疫苗最警惕，这就是他所说的在公立医院中被忽视的“阶级斗争”的症状，在公立医院中，不同级别的医护人员之间几乎没有互动。

In June, France’s public health agency estimated that 72.2% of doctors had received a first dose of a COVID-19 vaccine, against only 58.7% of nurses and 50% of assistant nurses. The discrepancy predates the pandemic: according to health authorities, 72.2% of doctors received a vaccine against the flu in the winter of 2018, while only 20.9% of assistant nurses did.

今年6月，法国公共卫生机构估计，72.2%的医生接种了第一剂COVID-19疫苗，而护士和助理护士的接种比例仅为58.7%和50%。这种差异出现在疫情流行之前:根据权威机构的数据，72.2%的医生在2018年冬天接种了流感疫苗，而助理护士的疫苗接种率只有20.9%。

Some health workers feel they are being talked down to and are underappreciated in general.

一些医护工作者感到他们被贬低了，总的来说他们没有被赏识。

Vaccine resistance in his profession infuriates Pelloux.

在自己从事的行业中发生疫苗抵抗，这一点激怒了佩洛克斯。

“Our job is to cure people, not to kill them. We have an ethical ... and civic duty to get vaccinated and limit hospital-acquired COVID infections,” he said, adding that most of those who died of COVID-19 in France would still be alive today if they had received a vaccine. And health workers have been among those most exposed, and infected.

“我们的工作是照顾人们，而不是谋杀他们。接种疫苗并尽可能遏制医院范围内新冠病毒的感染是我们道德的要求和公民的职责，”他说，在法国因新冠疫情死去的人们如果曾接种过疫苗，那么他们一定能够活到今天。医护工作者是最容易被暴露在病毒之中，同时最易被感染的人群。

Some protesters said they would eventually consent to getting the jab if given no choice, but would resent it. Others said they would attempt to buy fake vaccine certificates instead. French police have arrested several people suspected of trafficking fake virus certificates on social media, where the documents can fetch several hundred euros (dollars) each.

一些抗议者表示，如果别无选择，他们最终会同意接种疫苗，但会对此感到不满。其他人则表示，他们将尝试购买假的疫苗证书。法国警方已逮捕了几名涉嫌在社交媒体上贩卖假病毒证书的人，这些文件每张可以卖到几百欧元(美元)。

Yet a majority of French adults are fully vaccinated and millions more have lined up in the past two weeks. For all the high-profile protests, polls indicate that overall French vaccine hesitancy has ebbed in recent months and that most support the vaccine mandate for health care workers.

然而，大多数法国成年人已经全部完成了疫苗接种，还有数百万人在过去两周排队等待疫苗接种。针对所有高调的抗议活动，民意调查显示，近几个月来，总体上法国人对疫苗的犹豫已经消退，大多数人支持医护人员强制接种疫苗的决定。

Many want the government to go even further: Two recent polls indicated that a majority of the French support a coronavirus vaccine mandate for everyone.

许多人希望政府更进一步:最近的两项民意调查显示，大多数法国人支持对所有人强制接种新冠疫苗的要求。

来源：美联社，图片来源于网络，如侵删

记者：姜玉婷

监制：

李璨

责任编辑：汝元昕