星标置顶，每天一句话，学英语看天下
单词开花 第01期
巴黎圣母院失火，外媒报道火灾“破坏”情况都用了哪些词？
1
damage /'dæmɪdʒ/ 
n. 破损，损害，损伤
physical harm that is done to somethingor to a part of someone’s body, so that it is broken or injured
  • These chemicals have been found to cause serious environmental damage. 经发现，这些化学物质会造成严重的环境破坏。
vt. 损害，损坏，损伤〔某物或某人的身体〕
to cause physical harm to something or to part of someone’s body
同义词 (SYN) harm
  • insects that damage crops 破坏庄稼的昆虫
2
engulf /ɪn'ɡʌlf/
vt. 1. 完全包围；遮住
to completely surround or cover something
  • The building was engulfed in flames. 那幢楼被大火吞没了。
vt. 2.〔不愉快的情感〕吞没，包围
if an unpleasant feeling engulfs you, you feel it very strongly
  • despair so great it threatened to engulf him 几乎要将他压垮的绝望情绪
3
ravage /'rævɪdʒ/
vt. 严重毁坏，摧毁
to damage something very badly
  • a country ravaged by civil war 遭受内战重创的国家
  • His health was gradually ravaged by drink and drugs. 酗酒和吸毒渐渐毁了他的健康。
4
crumble /'krʌmbəl/
vi. 碎裂，崩裂，坍塌
if something, especially something made of stone or rock, is crumbling, small pieces are breaking off it
(also 又作 crumble away)
  • The old stonework was crumbling away. 古老的石筑部分逐渐崩塌。
【词源】
crumble使破碎，来自crumb, 面包屑。-le, 表反复。
5
gut /gʌt/ 
vt. 毁坏〔建筑物〕的内部〔尤指烧毁〕
to completely destroy the inside of a building, especially by fire
  • The building was completely gutted by fire. 大楼被火烧空了。
n. gut reaction/feeling/instinct 本能的反应/本能的感觉/直觉
a reaction or feeling that you are sure is right, although you cannot give a reason for it
  • He had a gut feeling that Sarah was lying. 他凭直觉感到萨拉在撒谎。
【词源】
gut n. 肠道，勇气。词源同 foundry, gush, gust. 用于解剖学术语。肠道在古代医字观念被认为是情感所在之地，引申义勇气。
6
devastate  /'devəsteɪt/ 
vt. 严重破坏，彻底破坏，摧毁
to damage something very badly or completely
  • The city centre was devastated by the bomb. 市中心被这枚炸弹摧毁了。
【词源】
de-, 强调，整个的。vast, 广阔的。即整个摧毁。
devastating  /'devəsteɪtɪŋ/ 
adj. 毁灭性的，破坏力极强的
badly damaging or destroying something
  • It will be a devastating blow for the town if the factory closes. 如果工厂关闭，对该镇来说将是沉重的打击。
  • devastating effect/impact
    • Acid rain has a devastating effect on the forest. 酸雨对森林的破坏力极大。
  • devastating results/consequences
    • The oil spill had devastating consequences for wildlife. 这次石油泄漏事故对野生生物造成了毁灭性的后果。
devastation /ˌdevəˈsteɪʃn/
n. （尤指大面积的）毁灭，破坏，蹂躏
great destruction or damage, especially over a wide area 
  • The bomb caused widespread devastation. 炸弹造成大面积破坏。
7
destruction /dɪ'strʌkʃən/ 
n. 破坏，摧毁，毁坏，消灭
the act or process of destroying something or of being destroyed
  • weapons of mass destruction 大规模杀伤性武器
  • The floods brought death and destruction to the area. 洪水给该地区带来了死亡和破坏。
destructive /dɪ'strʌktɪv/ 
adj. 毁灭性的，造成破坏的
causing damage to people or things
  • the destructive power of modern weapons 现代武器的破坏力
  • What is good for the individual can be destructive to the family. 个人的利益对于家庭来说有可能是破坏性的。
【词源】
de-, 夺去，损毁。-struct, 建造，词源同structure,destroy.
【词根词缀】
de-相反 + -struct-建设 + -ive
8
destroy /dɪ'strɔɪ/
vt. 破坏，毁掉，摧毁
to damage something so badly that it no longer exists or cannot be used or repaired
  • companies that are polluting and destroying the environment 污染和破坏环境的公司
词组：
  • completely/totally destroy
    • The school was completely destroyed by fire. 学校被大火彻底烧毁了。
  • destroy sb’s
    confidence/hope/faith etc
【词源】
de-, 夺去，损毁。-stroy, 建造，词源同structure,destruct.
新栏目你怎么看？
留言栏里帮我们想个名字吧~
编辑 | LXH 马三元
 - END - 
2019虎课新品 | 中学生外刊精读
399元（原价499元）
扫码立即订阅
8大高考主题
500+分钟精讲
8篇最新外刊
6000+词阅读量
精读泛读习题精准配套
在下林伯虎
长按扫码加关注
喜欢请点击右下角“好看” ↘
继续阅读
阅读原文