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保罗如何成为使徒
How did Paul become an apostle
弟兄姊妹们主内平安，今天我们分享的经文来自新约加拉太书（Galatians1:11-17）
I want you to know, brothers, that the gospel I preached is not something that man made up. I did not receive it from any man, nor was I taught it; rather, I received it by revelation from Jesus Christ. For you have heard of my previous way of life in Judaism, how intensely I persecuted the church of God and tried to destroy it. I was advancing in Judaism beyond many Jews of my own age and was extremely zealous for the traditions of my fathers. But when God, who set me apart from birth and called me by his grace, was pleased to reveal his Son in me so that I might preach him among the Gentiles, I did not consult any man, nor did I go up to Jerusalem to see those who were apostles before I was, but I went immediately into Arabia and later returned to Damascus.
弟兄们，我告诉你们，我素来所传的福音，不是出于人的意思，因为我不是从人领受的，也不是人教导我的，乃是从耶稣基督启示来的。你们听见我从前在犹太教中所行的事，怎样极力逼迫、残害神的教会。我又在犹太教中，比我本国许多同岁的人更有长进，为我祖宗的遗传更加热心。然而那把我从母腹里分别出来、又施恩召我的神，既然乐意将他儿子启示在我心里，叫我把他传在外邦人中，我就没有与属血气的人商量，也没有上耶路撒冷去见那些比我先作使徒的，惟独往阿拉伯去，后又回到大马士革。
我们先来熟悉一下这段经文：
1、For you have heard of my previous way of life in Judaism, how intensely I persecuted the church of God and tried to destroy it
previous英 ['priːviəs] adj. 以前的；先于；
Judaism英 ['dʒuːdeɪɪzəm] n. 犹太教；犹太教徒；犹太主义
intensely英 [ɪn'tensli] adv. 强烈地；热切地
persecute英 ['pɜːsɪkjuːt] v. 迫害；烦扰；
2、I was advancing in Judaism beyond many Jews of my own age and was extremely zealous for the traditions of my fathers.
advance英 [əd'vɑːns] v. 前进；预付；
extremely英 [ɪk'striːmli] adv. 非常；极其
zealous英 ['zeləs] adj.热心的；狂热的；热衷的
tradition英 [trə'dɪʃn] n. 传统；惯例
二、好，下面我们一起来看一下这段经文里的语法
1、I did not receive it from any man, nor was I taught it; rather, I received it by revelation from Jesus Christ.

receive from (v.+prep.):从…获得,收到(某物) obtain (usually sth) from sb

receive sth from sb
e.g. I didn't buy the book, I received it from the writer as a gift.
这本书不是我买的,而是作者送给我的礼物。
These farmers receive generous subsidies from the government.
这些农民得到了政府的大量补贴。
2、I was advancing in Judaism beyond many Jews of my own age and was extremely zealous for the traditions of my fathers.
zealous，形容词，热心的；狂热的；热衷的
e.g. He is ticketed as a zealous reformer.他被描述成一个热心的改革家。

As many as I love I reprove and discipline; be zealous therefore and repent. 【启3：19】凡我所爱的，我就责备管教；所以你要发热心，也要悔改。
【Rom 10:2】 For I can testify about them that they are zealous for God, but their zeal is not based on knowledge. 【罗 10:2】 我可以证明他们向  神有热心，但不是按着真知识。

【Pro 23:17】 Do not let your heart envy sinners, but always be zealous for the fear of the LORD. 【箴 23:17】 你心中不要嫉妒罪人，只要终日敬畏耶和华。


3、But when God, who set me apart from birth and called me by his grace

apart from缺少；除 ... 以外；且不说

e.g. She lives in seclusion apart from her friend.她远离朋友，过隐居生活。
Apart from the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs.

他除了脸部和双手受伤以外，两条腿也断了。
Apart from English, we study Russian and Spanish.
除了英语以外，我们还学俄语及西班牙语。
三、最后让我们来一起再回顾一下这段经文：
I want you to know, brothers, that the gospel I preached is not something that man made up. I did not receive it from any man, nor was I taught it; rather, I received it by revelation from Jesus Christ. For you have heard of my previous way of life in Judaism, how intensely I persecuted the church of God and tried to destroy it. I was advancing in Judaism beyond many Jews of my own age and was extremely zealous for the traditions of my fathers. But when God, who set me apart from birth and called me by his grace, was pleased to reveal his Son in me so that I might preach him among the Gentiles, I did not consult any man, nor did I go up to Jerusalem to see those who were apostles before I was, but I went immediately into Arabia and later returned to Damascus.
本段15-17节讲论保罗如何悔改归主及蒙召，可分为两方面∶
１．在神方面（1:15-16上）；２．在保罗方面（1:16下-17）
１．在神方面（1:15-16上）
Ａ．拣选──“那把我从母腹里分别出来……”（1:15）
神怎样选召保罗？神从母腹中就把他分别出来，又施恩召他。换言之，在他还未生出之前，神已经预先计划要拣选他，正如先知耶利米（耶1:5）那样。“分别出来”，就是从世人中分别出来。在神的计划中，早已要他受到一种特别的栽培和造就，以备特殊的用途。虽然保罗是在悔改蒙召之后才知道，但神却是早已有了计划。
Ｂ．启示──“既然将祂儿子启示在我心里”（1:16上）
神不但拣选保罗，也将耶稣基督启示在他心中，使他认识耶稣基督本身，及祂的荣耀、圣洁、牺牲……等。然后要他将基督传给外邦。这耶稣基督本身就是福音，对耶稣基督的认识就是对福音的认识。这种认识是传福音的人应有的属灵知识。
Ｃ．差遣──“叫我把祂传在外邦人中……”（1:16上）
虽然把福音传给外邦在当时是一件新事，是十分艰巨的重任，会受犹太人反对，招惹各种的逼迫；但这正是神召他的目的，是忠心的保罗所不肯推辞的。
２．在保罗方面（1:16下-17）
16节下-17节保罗立即答应神的呼召，他说∶“……我就没有与属血气的人商量，也没有上耶路撒冷去，见那些比我先作使徒的，唯独往亚拉伯去。”这意思就是∶他的蒙召与任何人无关，并无任何属人的因素促使他改变心意，乃是复活的主亲自向他显现，并呼召他、造就他的。
    “也没有上耶路撒冷去，见那些比我先作使徒的”，意即也没有先去征求他们的同意，以获得他们的支持。那些耶路撒冷的使徒，虽然是主所设立，却没有权柄按立新的使徒。换言之，保罗获得使徒之职权和他们没有什么关联。注意，按加2:7-10，耶路撒冷的使徒曾用右手行相交之礼，以承认保罗是为外邦人作使徒的；但那是在他已经作使徒之后，而在这里是要证明保罗未作使徒之时，其所以得成为使徒，不是因耶路撒冷那些先作使徒的人所使然，乃是神自己的选立所使然。
“唯独往亚拉伯去，后又回到大马色”，本句只是很简单地论到保罗在蒙召之后到亚拉伯去；但他怎样去亚拉伯，以及在亚拉伯作些什么，我们无法知道；所能知道的，就是他在亚拉伯的三年中亲受神的造就，并领受神的启示。
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