海归学者发起的公益学术平台
分享信息，整合资源

交流学术，偶尔风月
特朗普总统发表热情洋溢的就职演说，抨击建制忽略美国人民大众，誓言还政于民重塑美国荣光，抛弃意识形态不以美国生活方式强加于人，并强调美国第一的治国理念，政治新鲜人的革命梦想和逐利务实的商人本色在其身上完美结合。
演说稿据说是特朗普亲自写的，颇有感染力。文末附中英文全文，不代表知社立场，仅供赏析。

知社学术圈华盛顿快讯，美东时间2017年1月20日中午，唐纳德·特朗普在美国首都华盛顿国会山宣誓就职，正式出任美国第45任总统。

在最高法院首席大法官约翰·罗伯茨的主持下，特朗普手按林肯总统1861年宣誓就职时使用的圣经，完成宣誓词：

I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will faithfully execute the Office of President of the United States, and will to the best of my ability, preserve, protect and defend the Constitution of the United States.

特朗普总统随后发表热情洋溢的就职演说，据说是他自己亲自写的，抨击建制忽略美国人民大众，誓言还政于民重塑美国荣光，抛弃意识形态不以美国生活方式强加于人，并强调美国第一的治国理念，政治新鲜人的革命梦想和逐利务实的商人本色在其身上完美结合。文末附中英文全文，供赏析。

上午，奥巴马总统与夫人在白宫迎接特朗普当选总统与夫人并茶叙，然后一同前往国会山出席特朗普就职大典。美国政权就此完成交接。在回答记者询问还有什么话要和美国人民说的时候，奥巴马只回答了两个字： Thank You！

而在他就任总统的第一天，早上起来，特朗普也没忘了发布推特：一切从今天开始！凸显他直面民众，推特治国之路。


特朗普总统接手的，是一个四分五裂的美国。今天，有高达70位民主党国会议员拒绝出席特朗普的就职大典。这么多议员抵制总统就职大典，是前所未有的。其代表人物，是佐治亚国会议员、黑人民权领袖John Lewis，公开质疑特朗普总统当选的合法性。


而明天，在华盛顿也将举行大规模的“Women's March on Washington”，游行示威抗议特朗普总统。美国各大城市也会有呼应游行。实际上，华盛顿市的抗议活动，昨天晚上就已经开始。
此前，包括四位诺贝尔奖得主在内的麻省理工学院600余名师生员工签署公开信，抗议特朗普执政方针，誓言捍卫普世价值：
  • 我们无条件拒绝并反对任何形式的排斥异见、歧视、和仇恨的言行，无论是针对一个人的人种、性别、性别自我定位、性取向、宗教、祖籍、残疾、国籍、政治信仰，社会经济地位，老兵地位、或者移民状态。
  • 我们支持麻省理工学院的核心价值观，支持不同知识分子、宗教、阶级、文化、和政治观点直接公开并互相尊重的讨论与交流。
  • 我们捍卫科学方法的原则，捍卫基于事实与逻辑的客观理性探索。科学不是一个特殊利益群体，也不是可有可无。科学是我们作为一个社会去分析、理解并解决我们所面临的最严峻挑战的根基。
而忧国忧民科学家联盟(Union of Concerned Scientists, UCS)也发表致特朗普及美国国会公开信，就科技及政策对美国新政权提出四点要求。2300余名科学家签名，包括11位美国国家科学奖章得主，22位诺奖得主，和许多院士：
  • 首先，创造强大而又开放的科学文化需要从顶层设计开始。联邦机构应当由那些具有卓越历史记录、尊重科学、将科学视为决策的关键因素的的官员领导。而且，意识到多元化让科学更为强大，政府官员应该欢迎并鼓励各个阶层的科学家，无论其宗教背景、人种、性别、和性取向。
  • 其次，国会和特朗普政府应当保证根基性的公共健康和环境法规 -- 比如清洁空气法案和频危物种法案 -- 保持其强有力的科学基础，而且各个机构能够自由收集科学数据，并以此为基准有效执行法律所赋予的责任。他们也应当保护政府外提供科学咨询的民间人士的独立性。
  • 第三，在应对当前和突发的公共健康和环境威胁时，国会和特朗普政府应当坚持科学的公正性和独立性。政策制定人和公众需要了解所有的的科学证据，而不只是利益集团希望大家了解的那一部分。联邦政府资助的科学家必须能自由地发展并分享他们的科学发现，而不受基于政治或者意识形态的审查和操控。这些科学家应当免遭可能被报复的威胁和恐惧，能够自由地行使如下职责：开展工作，免遭政治或者民间势力的干涉；与国会、公众及同行坦诚交流他们的科学发现；发表研究成果，有意义地参与科学共同体；揭发误导、审查以及其他滥用科学的行为；确保来自政府的科技资讯是准确的。
  • 最后，国会和特朗普政府应当提供充足的资源，保证科学家能够开展研究，福及公众，并高效、透明地履行各科研机构的使命。其后果非常真实：没有这样的投入，孩子们会更容易受到铅的毒害、更多的人会遭受不安全的药物和医疗器械，而我们也会在限制极端气候和升高海平面的影响方面，缺乏准备。
对于科学技术，特朗普在演讲之中虽然没有明确提及，但确有隐含：
我们在新世纪的起点，将要揭开太空的奥秘，让地球免受疾病的痛苦，并充分利用明日能源、工业、与技术的潜力。

下面，让我们赏析特朗普就职演说中英文全文。旨在新闻传播，不代表知社立场。

罗伯茨大法官、卡特总统、克林顿总统、布什总统、奥巴马总统、美国同胞们，全世界的人民，谢谢你们！
Chief Justice Roberts, President Carter, President Clinton, President Bush, President Obama, fellow Americans and people of the world, thank you!
今天，我们美国人民投入伟大的全民运动，重建我们的国家，重塑人民的希望。我们将一起决定美国与世界的命运，在未来很多很多年。我们将共同直面挑战，应对困难，但我们将取得成功。
We, the citizens of America, are now joined in a great national effort to rebuild our country and restore its promise for all of our people. Together, we will determine the course of America and the world for many, many years to come. We will face challenges. We will confront hardships. But we will get the job done.
每四年，我们都在这里聚集，和平而有序地交接权利。我们对奥巴马总统与米歇尔第一夫人充满感激，他们极其优雅地帮助我们政权过渡，无与伦比。谢谢你们！
Every four years we gather on these steps to carry out the orderly and peaceful transfer of power. And we are grateful to President Obama and first lady Michelle Obama for their gracious aid throughout this transition. They have been magnificent. Thank you.
但是，今天的庆典，具有极其特殊的意义。我们不仅仅是将权利从一个总统转移到另一个总统，从一个政党转移到另一个政党，今天，我们是将权利从华盛顿，从哥伦比亚特区，转移给你们，美国人民！
Today's ceremony, however, has a very special meaning because today we are not merely transferring power from one administration to another or from one party to another, but we are transferring power from Washington, D.C., and giving it back to you, the people.
很久以来，我们首都的一小撮人从政府收获利益，而人民承受其代价。华盛顿繁荣昌盛，而人民未能分享其财富。政客们大发其财，而工作流失，工厂倒闭。建制保护着自己，而不是国家的公民。他们的胜利不是你们的胜利。他们的荣耀不是你们的荣耀。当他们在首都庆祝成功，广阔的土地上一个个挣扎的家庭，没有什么可以值得庆祝的。
For too long, a small group in our nation's capital has reaped the rewards of government while the people have bore the cost. Washington flourished, but the people did not share in its wealth. Politicians prospered but the jobs left and the factories closed. The establishment protected itself, but not the citizens of our country. Their victories have not been your victories. Their triumphs have not been your triumphs. And while they celebrated in our nation's capital, there was little to celebrate for struggling families all across our land.
这一切，将从此改变，从这里开始，从现在开始。这个时刻，是你们的时候。这个时刻，属于你们。她属于今天在这里聚集的每一个人，属于全美国正在观看的人们。这是你们的节日，你们的庆典。而美国，是你们的国家！
That all changes starting right here and right now, because this moment is your moment. It belongs to you. It belongs to everyone gathered here today and everyone watching all across America. This is your day. This is your celebration. And this, the United States of America, is your country.
真正重要的，不是哪个党派控制我们的政府，而是我们的国家，是否由人民控制。2017年1月20日，将因人民再次成为这个国家的主人，而载入史册！ 我们国家被遗忘的男男女女们，将不再被遗忘。每个人都会聆听你的声音。千万的你们远道而来，成为历史的一部分，世界从未见证此刻。
What truly matters is not which party controls our government, but whether our government is controlled by the people. January 20th, 2017, will be remembered as the day the people became the rulers of this nation again. The forgotten men and women of our country will be forgotten no longer. Everyone is listening to you now. You came by the tens of millions to become part of a historic movement, the likes of which the world has never seen before.
这场运动的核心，是我们坚信，国家因服务其人民而存在。美国人民需要给孩子们好的学校，给家庭们安全的环境，给自己良好的工作。这是人民大众正当而合理的要求。
At the center of this movement is a crucial conviction that a nation exists to serve its citizens. Americans want great schools for their children, safe neighborhoods for their families and good jobs for themselves. These are just and reasonable demands of righteous people and a righteous public.
但对于我们很多的公民而言，存在着另一个现实。母亲和孩子们陷于城市贫困，破败的厂房像墓碑一样散落美国大地。教育系统充满铜臭，却不能让我们年轻而美丽的学生们获得知识。犯罪、黑帮和毒品夺取太多的生命、遏制我们国家的潜力。这场针对美国的屠杀将就此结束、就在这里、就在此刻！
But for too many of our citizens, a different reality exists. Mothers and children trapped in poverty in our inner cities, rusted out factories scattered like tombstones across the landscape of our nation. An education system flush with cash but which leaves our young and beautiful students deprived of all knowledge. And the crime and the gangs and the drugs that have stolen too many lives and robbed our country of so much unrealized potential. This American carnage stops right here and stops right now.
我们是一个国家，他们的痛苦就是我们的痛苦。他们的梦想就是我们的梦想。他们的成功就是我们的成功。我们共有一颗心灵，和一个荣耀的归宿。我今天的宣誓，是忠诚于全体美国人民的宣誓
We are one nation, and their pain is our pain. Their dreams are our dreams, and their success will be our success. We share one heart, one home and one glorious destiny. The oath of office I take today is an oath of allegiance to all Americans.
许多年来，我们牺牲美国工业，让外国厂家获益。我们军援外国政府，却让自己的军队受损。我们保卫他国的边界，却不肯捍卫自己的。我们在海外花费万亿计美元，却让美国的基础设施萧条破落。我们让其他国家富裕，却耗散我们自己的财富、国力、和自信。
For many decades we've enriched foreign industry at the expense of American industry, subsidized the armies of other countries while allowing for the very sad depletion of our military. We've defended other nations' borders while refusing to defend our own. And we've spent trillions and trillions of dollars overseas while America's infrastructure has fallen into disrepair and decay. We've made other countries rich while the wealth, strength and confidence of our country has dissipated over the horizon.
一个接一个的工厂关闭，离开美国，一点也不考虑留在后面，失去工作的百万人民。我们中产阶级的财富被剥夺，分给了世界各地。但是，这一切都已过去，如今，我们将面向未来。
One by one, the factories shuttered and left our shores with not even a thought about the millions and millions of American workers that were left behind. The wealth of our middle class has been ripped from their homes and then redistributed all across the world. But that is the past, and now we are looking only to the future.
今天，我们在这里聚集，发号施令，让每一个城市、每一个首都、和每一个议政厅聆听。从今天开始，全新的眼光将统治我们的土地。从今天开始，我们只管美国第一，美国第一。针对贸易、税收、移民、和国际事务的每一项决定，都将让美国工人和家庭受益。我们必须保护我们的边界免遭其他国家的侵袭，制造我们的产品，偷窃我们的公司，毁坏我们的工作。
We assembled here today are issuing a new decree to be heard in every city, in every foreign capital and in every hall of power. From this day forward, a new vision will govern our land. From this day forward, it's going to be only America first, America first. Every decision on trade, on taxes, on immigration, on foreign affairs will be made to benefit American workers and American families. We must protect our borders from the ravages of other countries making our product, stealing our companies and destroying our jobs.
保护将带来巨大的繁荣和国力。我将为你而战，用尽我所有的力气。我绝不让你失望。美国将重享胜利，前所未有的胜利。我们将带回我们的工作，带回我们的边界，带回我们的财富，带回我们的梦想。
Protection will lead to great prosperity and strength. I will fight for you with every breath in my body, and I will never ever let you down. America will start winning again, winning like never before. We will bring back our jobs. We will bring back our borders. We will bring back our wealth, and we will bring back our dreams.
我们将建设新的道路、高速公路、桥梁、机场、隧道、和铁路，贯穿美国。我们将让人们从救济中走出，自食其力，用美国人民的手、美国人民的劳力，重建美国。
We will build new roads and highways and bridges and airports and tunnels and railways all across our wonderful nation. We will get our people off of welfare and back to work, rebuilding our country with American hands and American labor.
我们将遵循两个简单的原则：买美国货、雇美国人。我们将寻求世界各国的友谊和好意，遵循基本的理解，每个国家都有将其自身利益置于首位的权利。我们不会将自己的生活方式强加于人，而是让我们的方式作为榜样而闪耀。我们将为每一个追随者闪耀。
We will follow two simple rules: Buy American and hire American. We will seek friendship and goodwill with the nations of the world, but we do so with the understanding that it is the right of all nations to put their own interests first. We do not seek to impose our way of life on anyone, but rather to let it shine as an example. We will shine for everyone to follow.
我们将加强已有的合作，并组建新的联盟，团结文明世界，抗击伊斯兰极端恐怖主义，将其从地球彻底清除。
We will re-enforce old alliances and form new ones and unite the civilized world against radical Islamic terrorism, which we will eradicate completely from the face of the earth.
我们政治的基石，是对美国的忠诚，并以此重新发现我们对彼此的忠诚。当你对爱国主义敞开心扉，则偏见与歧视无处可遁。圣经告诉我们，上帝的子民们生活为一体，是何等的快乐和美好。我们必须能自由申诉我们的想法，诚实争辩我们的分歧，我们也必须追求团结一致。美国人民团结起来，则美国无法阻挡。
At the bedrock of our politics will be a total allegiance to the United States of America, and through our loyalty to our country we will rediscover our loyalty to each other. When you open your heart to patriotism, there is no room for prejudice. The Bible tells us how good and pleasant it is when God's people live together in unity. We must speak our minds openly, debate our disagreements honestly, but always pursue solidarity. When America is united, America is totally unstoppable. 
这里不应有恐惧。我们被保护，我们一直被保护。我们被军队里的伟大男女所保护，以及我们的执法力量。更重要的是，我们被上帝保护。
There should be no fear. We are protected and we will always be protected. We will be protected by the great men and women of our military and law enforcement. And most importantly, we will be protected by God.
最后，我们必须思考广大，梦想更大。在美国，我们明了一个国家只有在奋斗的时候才能生存。我们不再接受口谈而不务实的政客，只知抱怨而从不采取行动。空谈误国的时代结束了，实干的时刻到来了。不要让人告诉你做不了，在美国心灵、战斗力和意志面前，没有什么挑战不能克服。我们不会失败，我们国家将重新繁荣富强。
Finally, we must think big and dream even bigger. In America, we understand that a nation is only living as long as it is striving. We will no longer accept politicians who are all talk and no action, constantly complaining but never doing anything about it. The time for empty talk is over. Now arrives the hour of action. Do not allow anyone to tell you that it cannot be done. No challenge can match the heart and fight and spirit of America. We will not fail. Our country will thrive and prosper again.
我们在新世纪的起点，将要揭开太空的奥秘，让地球免受疾病的痛苦，并充分利用明日能源、工业、与技术的潜力。
We stand at the birth of a new millennium, ready to unlock the mysteries of space, to free the earth from the miseries of disease, and to harness the energies, industries and technologies of tomorrow.
新的国家自豪感将激励我们，提升我们的视野、愈合我们的分歧。是时候重温我们的战士永不忘却的哲言，不管你肤色是黑、黄、或者白，我们都流着爱国者鲜红的血。我们都享受着同样的自由的荣光，我们都向同样的伟大的美国旗帜致敬。
A new national pride will stir ourselves, lift our sights and heal our divisions. It's time to remember that old wisdom our soldiers will never forget, that whether we are black or brown or white, we all bleed the same red blood of patriots. We all enjoy the same glorious freedoms and we all salute the same great American flag.
无论一个孩子是生于底特律的市郊还是内布拉斯加的大平原，他们都仰望同样的星空，心灵中充满同样的梦想，都由伟大的造物主赋予生命的呼吸。
And whether a child is born in the urban sprawl of Detroit or the windswept plains of Nebraska, they look up at the same night sky, they fill their heart with the same dreams and they are infused with the breath of life by the same almighty creator. 
因此，每一个城市的每一个美国人民，近在咫尺或是远在天边，摩登都市或是乡村小镇、高山峻岭或是广褒海洋，记住这些声音：你们将不再被忽略。你的声音、你的希望和你的梦想，将定义我们美国的归宿。而你的勇气，善意和友爱将永远指引我们前行。
So to all Americans in every city near and far, small and large, from mountain to mountain, from ocean to ocean, hear these words: You will never be ignored again. Your voice, your hopes and your dreams will define our American destiny. And your courage and goodness and love will forever guide us along the way.
一起，我们将让美国重新强大、重新富裕、重新自豪、重现安全。是的，一起，我们将让美国重新伟大。谢谢你们，上帝保佑你们，上帝保佑美国。
Together we will make America strong again, we will make America wealthy again, we will make America proud again, we will make America safe again. And, yes, together we will make America great again. Thank you. God bless you. And God bless America.
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