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为什么虫子毁了你的生活?

生活是一幅画,你却生活在像素点中
这个是小明:
这个是“今天”:
小明和今天现在在谈恋爱。
这段感情一直进展顺利,小明也理所应当地很开心。但是总有一些时候,小明觉得他正在约会的今天不是他命中注定的那位真命天女。当然了,有时候小明和今天能够一起玩得很开,但是大多数时间他都觉得自己在和一个乏味的“星期三”约会。这种乏味的周三肯定不是小明想要一起和她终老的那种。
因为小明心里知道这段感情只是暂时的,他就没有投入那么多东西。他把更多的时间都花在思念另外一个人身上了——明天。啊,明天是一个完美的情人,有激情,令人有成就感,有意义,充满刺激。他知道总有一天自己在约会的今天也会变成这样子,变成他喜欢的那一种,那时候他的事业腾飞,住在自己最爱的城市。他已经可以在脑海里描绘出未来的这一切了。
那些美好的事情终究会到来的。但是小明在这期间还有别的计划。下周小明就会获得加薪,他想一旦自己获得了加薪他就会和今天分手,然后另寻新欢-加薪了之后的那一天。加薪之后那一天不是那种配得上小明的对象,但是显然那一天比今天强多了。一周后小明早晨起床,发现今日他走路都开心的蹦哒起来。小明换了个人一样,他已经爱上现在的今天了:
那一天晚上他去了一家原来吃不起的餐馆吃饭,第二天,他买了一套高尔夫球杆。
两周后,小明又去了那家豪华的餐馆,但是这次他感觉和上次有点不一样了。这次的食物依然很美味,但是他就是没有上次去吃的时候那么兴奋了。
一个月之后,小明又拿着那套高尔夫球杆去打球。这已经是他第四次用这套高尔夫球杆了,现在他一点都不觉得这些球杆有什么好的。打球对他来说越来越平淡了。
生活这样子一直持续,直到有一天,他所在的围城看起来和加薪前的那些日子一模一样。
小明感到很困惑,他以为自己的”前女友“已经被远远甩开了,为什么他会有这种他还在和她约会呢?按说他应该已经摆脱了那部分生活了。
这确实很令人沮丧,但是小明耸耸肩就忽略了这件事。这个加薪本身就没有多少钱,真正的美好未来还没有到来呢,所以现在他又感到不开心了这也没什么不正常的。
你见之后,小明迎来了人生中非常重要的一个月。首先,在单身多年之后,他遇到了一个漂亮的女孩,两个人一件如故。她正是小明一直在等待的女人。 几次约会之后,她成了小明的女朋友。也正是在这个时候,小明前一段时间成立的参观评价体系被当地的报纸报道了,现在访问量扶摇直上。他一直都知道自己的这门生意是个好主意,现在他终于得到了证明。对于小明来说,梦想中的日子终于来临了。
这个全新的“今天”,这个“事业成功爱情美满的今天”,是小明这几年一直都梦寐以求的。
他一直都觉得自己终有一天会有这样的生活,他就是这样子的人,值得这样的生活。他觉得,周三对于他来说再也不会味同嚼蜡了。
但是有一些细微的改变慢慢又开始发生了。几个月之后,虽然他和女朋友关系稳定,事业也一直在稳步增长,小明发现自己对原来迎接新生活的那些兴奋劲开始慢慢消退了。这样子的生活不像原来那么丰富多彩了。他比原来更忙了,每天都在不停的工作。虽然他依然对这样子的生活感到开心,但是已经没有前些日子那么High了。
然后一年过去了。虽然小明的生活更加富裕,更加有意义了,但是他已经完全习惯现在的生活方式了。有时候他眼看朋友的事业也开始突飞猛进,甚至比自己还要发达,心里暗暗琢磨朋友的生活会是如何。他的朋友似乎也能够和他们的女朋友过的更开心。他们的生活一定更好,小明心里暗暗想到。
直到有一天,小明一觉醒来,发现自己又重新回到了这里:
他不敢相信自己的眼睛,那个原来乏味无聊的“昨天”又来这里干嘛?他觉得自己应该给“今天”下一个最后通牒,但是他发现这样子真是没有意义。因为原来他觉得自己美好的明天是“有自己的事业并且遇到自己的女朋友”,几天他又觉得自己美好的明天应该是“卖掉自己公司和女朋友结婚”。事情一直在变,他没什么办法。
小明的这种内心挣扎其实很正常,其实我们每个人都在以某种方式经历着这种挣扎。在这个令人惊奇的Ted演讲中,哈弗大学教授Dan Gilbert向我们描述了所谓“作用偏差”的心理现象,这种心理现象描述的是我们每个人都对未来的享乐做了高估。人类有能力模拟未来的情况来知道未来是何种体验,但是这种心中的模拟并不是总那么奏效。这些模拟让你觉得,未来会发生的改变比事实更加不同。
Gilbert说,无论从实地研究还是实验室数据,我们都发现赢得或者输掉选举,得到或者失去恋人,是否获得晋升,是否通过大学考试,等等事件都比我们想象中对生活的影响要小,影响的持续时间更短,也没有那么大的意义。就算是那些异常的灾难也是如此。研究证明,对于经历过重大生活创伤的人来说,创伤发生三个月之后,创伤对他们的作用已经基本消失了。小明显然就是”作用偏差“的受害者。小明的困境也见于Tim Urban(本文作者)在镜子前自言自语时创造的“像素点理论”。小明觉得自己的生命就是一幅描绘史诗场景的画,但是他错误的觉得这个史诗场景来源于某些关键的像素点。
但是这显然是错的。小明不可能同时生活在这幅画的每个角落,他每次只能过一天,每天对于这幅画来说,都只是一个像素点。
所以,虽然对于外人来说,小明的每一天都是他生命画面的一个像素点,小明自己却要每一天都生活在没有那么令人兴奋的像素里面。小明的错误就在于,他把注意力放在整张图片上,觉得浓墨重彩才是生活的主旋律。但是实际上,那些他厌恶的乏味的星期三,才是生活的主旋律。
而且,他错误的觉得图片的像素点应该像是整个图像一样充满色彩。无论一个人的生命看起来如何色彩斑斓,每一天依然只有一种颜色。小明觉得自己和“今天”的恋爱关系只是暂时的。但是他必须放弃这种想法,接受每一个“今天”才能够真正的快乐起来。
至于哪些事情能够真正让小明在每个乏味的星期三都感到快乐呢?有很多科学研究证明的行为:比如和你喜欢的人在一起,睡好,锻炼,做你擅长的事情,还有帮助其他人。但是可能小明需要做的第一件事是感恩。小明花了生命中的那么多时间去期望未来还没有到来的事情,却没有花时间想想自己现在的生活有多么美好。好消息是,下周就是感恩节了,一个完美的起点。


Life is a Picture, But You Live in a Pixel
This is Jack:
And this is Today:
Jack and Today are dating.
The relationship is going all right and Jack’s reasonably happy, but for a while now, Jack has known that the Today he’s with is not the one. Sure, he and Today have fun sometimes, but all too often, Jack feels like he’s dating a mundane Wednesday, and that’s certainly not the kind of Today he plans to be with in the long run.
Because he knows the relationship is just temporary, Jack doesn’t invest that much of himself in it, spending more of his energy thinking about someone else—Tomorrow. Now Tomorrow is the kind of day he’d love to date—fulfilling, passionate, meaningful and exhilarating. He knows it’s only a matter of time before he finds a Today just like that, the kind of Today he’ll be with when he’s found love, when his career has taken off, and when he lives in his dream city. He can just picture her now:
That time will come, but Jack has another plan in the meantime—he’s getting a raise next week, and he’s going to break up with his current Today as soon as that happens and start dating someone new—Today Once I Get My Raise. Of course, she’s not the kind of Today worthy of marriage for a guy like Jack, but she’s much more fun and exciting than his current very ordinary Today.
The morning after he gets his raise, Jack wakes up with an extra bounce in his step. He’s a new man with a new Today, and he likes her already:
That night, he goes out to a restaurant he couldn’t afford just a day earlier, and the second day, he buys a new set of golf clubs.
Two weeks later, Jack goes back to that fancy restaurant, but something feels a little different. The food is still great, but it’s just not quite as exciting this time.
And a month after that, when he heads out golfing for the fourth time with the new clubs, his mood isn’t affected at all by them—it just kind of feels like a normal golf day again.
Until one day, the walls look exactly how they did before his raise.
Jack is confused. He left his ex-Today in the dust, so why does it kind of seem like he’s dating her again? He’s supposed to be done with that part of his life.
It’s disappointing, but Jack shrugs it off—this raise was small potatoes anyway, and the real future’s all still to come, so it’s not a big deal if he’s not that happy.
A few years later, Jack has a big month. First, after years of being single, he meets this amazing girl and they hit it off right away. She’s exactly who he’s been waiting for, and after a few dates, she’s his girlfriend. Right around the same time, the new restaurant-rating business Jack started a year earlier is written up in a big newspaper and suddenly, business starts raining in. He knew the business was a good idea, and now this is proof. For Jack, it’s all finally happening.
And his new Today, Today Once My Business Takes Off And I Find A Girlfriend, is everything he spent his last few years dreaming about.
This is the life Jack always knew he’d be living soon enough—he’s just that kind of guy. And his Wednesdays will never be mundane again.
But then something starts to happen. After a few months, even though things are going well with his girlfriend and his business’s growth has only accelerated, Jack finds himself appreciating all of the excitement around his Today a bit less than he used to, which makes things feel a little less vibrant. He’s busier than he’s ever been before, working almost constantly, and while he’s still pleased with his new Today, his general mood doesn’t feel all that high anymore.
And a year after that, even though Jack’s life is richer and more meaningful than it used to be, he’s gotten completely used to the way things are. He also has watched a friend’s career take off even more than his own and wonders what that must feel like, and his other friend seems to have a little more fun with his girlfriend than Jack has with his—must be nice, he thinks.
And one day, Jack wakes up to find himself here:
He can’t believe it. What the hell is she doing here?
He considers placing a restraining order on this ex who won’t leave him alone, but ultimately decides to let it go—after all, it’s not like he was gonna marry Today Once My Business Takes Off And I Find A Girlfriend anyway. The real Today he’s holding out for is Today Once I Sell My Business and Marry My Girlfriend, and that’s the Today he’ll truly be happy with.
* * *
Jack’s struggle isn’t unusual—it’s something most of us are going through in one way or another. In his amazing TED Talk, Harvard professor Dan Gilbert describes what he calls The Impact Bias—our “tendency to overestimate the hedonic impact of future events.” Humans have the ability to simulate future situations in our heads to predict what it’ll be like to experience them, but that simulator doesn’t always work so well and tends “to make you believe that different outcomes are more different than in fact they really are.”
Gilbert says that “from field studies to laboratory studies, we see that winning or losing an election, gaining or losing a romantic partner, getting or not getting a promotion, passing or not passing a college test, and on and on, have far less impact, less intensity, and much less duration than people expect them to have.” It even applies to terrible events in our lives. According to Gilbert, “a recent study showing how major life traumas affect people suggests that if it happened over three months ago, with only a few exceptions, it has no impact whatsoever on your happiness.” Jack is clearly a victim of The Impact Bias.
Jack’s difficulties also relate to The Pixel Theory, a phrase coined by Tim Urban during his famous “alone in his apartment in front of the mirror” TED Talk.
Jack sees his life as a rich picture depicting an epic story and assumes that the key to his happiness lies in the broad components of the image.
But this is a mistake, because Jack doesn’t live in the picture’s broad strokes, he lives at all times in a single pixel of the image—a single Today.
So while thousands of Jack’s Todays will, to an outsider from far away, begin to look like a complete picture, Jack spends each moment of his actual reality in one unremarkable Today pixel or another. Jack’s error is brushing off his mundane Wednesday and focusing entirely on the big picture, when in fact the mundane Wednesday is the experience of his actual life.
And his assumption that his future Todays would be as vibrant and rich as the broad picture of his life is misunderstanding the unremarkable nature of a pixel, no matter what one’s life looks like in broad strokes. This assumption leads Jack to feel like his uneventful Today must be an unsatisfactory temporary relationship, when in reality it’s an inevitable and permanent marriage that he must accept and embrace in order to be happy.
As far as what will actually make Jack happier as he lives in his mundane Wednesday, there are a number of scientifically proven things, including spending time with people you like, sleeping well and exercising, doing things you’re good at, and doing kind things for others.
But perhaps the first thing Jack needs to do is learn to feel more gratitude, another scientifically proven route to happiness and the area in which he falls the most woefully short. Jack spends so much of his time looking up at the great things that will come his way and planning his future happiness and not nearly enough time looking down and thinking about how badly he used to want so many of the things he currently has.
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