【版权声明】本文译自Ovris 的Fly Fishing Glossary （飞钓术语）  http://howtoflyfish.orvis.com/glossary/beginners-fly-fishing-glossary
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水平所限，错漏难免，如有疑问以附加的英文原文为准
[A]
Abdomen虫腹/虫臀
昆虫的臀部，紧接着胸部后面的部分，通常有体节，相对于别的身体部位大。
posterior section of an insect’sbody; located just behind the thorax; typically segmented and large in sizerelative to other body parts.
Action调性
用来描述某根鱼竿柔韧程度的术语，通常分为快，中和慢（也有分出超快，中快和中慢等）。快调竿比较硬，需要较高的线速蓄能（压弯），对抗风和使用大号毛钩表现比较好。中调竿弯曲的部位更靠下，可以被较小的力度压弯蓄能，通常用在淡水飞钓。慢调竿弯曲部位一直到手柄附近，很短的挥动距离就可以压弯蓄能，最常见的是用于干蝇飞钓。
a term used to describe the flexingcharacteristics of a particular rod, generally broken into three categories:fast, medium, and slow. Fast-action rods tend to be stiff, require high linespeeds to load, and can perform well against the wind and with larger flies;medium-action rods flex further into the body of the rod, require less force toload, and are typically used in freshwater fishing; slow-action rods flexnearly to the butt, load at short distances, and are most often used fordry-fly fishing.
Adipose Fin脂鳍
三文科鱼类尾鳍和背鳍之间的无刺小鳍。养殖场繁殖的三文、钢头和鳟鱼经常会把脂鳍剪掉做为和野生鱼区分的标记。
a small, rayless fin located betweenthe dorsal and caudal fins of salmonids. The adipose fin of hatchery-raisedsalmon, steelhead, and trout is often removed to distinguish hatchery fish fromwild fish.
引自 wdfw.wa.gov
Adult成虫
水生昆虫羽化繁殖的成虫阶段
the winged stage of aquatic insects;reproductive stage.
Anadromous Fish溯河洄游鱼
大部分时间生活在咸水里，成年后进入淡水产卵繁殖的洄游鱼类，比如三文和钢头
migratory fish, such as salmon andsteelhead, that live the majority of their lives in salt water before migratingto fresh water in order to spawn.
Anodizing阳极氧化
用于增加金属零件表面氧化层厚度的工序，经常用于处理海钓用的铝质的轮子和零件
a process used to increase thethickness of the natural oxide layer on the surface of metal parts; oftenutilized in the construction of aluminum reels and parts intended for saltwateruse.
Arbor线杯轴
线杯的中间部分，备线，飞钓线连接缠绕到轮子上的地方
the center part of the spool, wherefly line and backing are tied, wound, and connected to the reel.
Arbor Knot轮轴结
把底线连接到线杯上用的线结
knot used in fly fishing to attachbacking to the spool of a fly reel.
引自 animatedknots.com

Attractor诱惑者
印象派的毛钩样式，比如“皇家武夫”，通过一些特定的吸引鱼的因素而不是模拟真的虫子来吸引攻击。
an impressionistic fly pattern, suchas a Royal Wulff, tied with certain fish-enticing characteristics, meant toelicit a strike rather than to realistically imitate an insect.
皇家武夫by pacres 引自 dailyflytyer.com  
[B]
Backcast后抛
任何飞钓抛投中向后发力的部分（虚抛中的也是）。
that portion of any fly cast thatextends behind the caster (as in false casting).
Backing备线
上飞钓线之前用来填充轮子空间的线，通常是编织线。在三文，钢头和咸水飞钓轮上备线是溜鱼很重要的部分。
usually braided Dacron, used to takeup space on the spool before the fly line is attached (see spool and nailknot); on salmon, steelhead, and saltwater reels, also becomes important infighting fish.、
Baetis蓝翅橄榄绿蜉蝣
一类分布广泛的四节蜉科蜉蝣，通常16-22号大小。（毛钩中通常叫蓝翅橄榄绿蜉蝣 BWO/blue-winged olive）
widely distributed genus of mayfliestypically found in sizes 16 to 22.
引自 flyfisherman.com
Bamboo竹子
仍在使用的最古老的鱼竿材料，经典飞钓竿材料。
oldest rod building material stillin use; the classic fly rod material.
Barb倒刺
钩尖附近向后的突起切口，用来减少上钩的鱼的逃脱机会。
the backward-facing projection cutinto a hook near the point to reduce the chances of hooked fish escaping.
Barrel Knot筒形结
同血结
same as blood knot (see blood knot).
Bass Bug鲈鱼毛钩
通常用中空毛发（比如鹿毛）绑出来的一大类干式鲈鱼毛钩。
name used to describe a large numberof surface bass flies usually tied with hollow hair (such as deer hair).
图片 by Stan Fagerstrom

Bass Bug Taper鲈鱼毛钩锥度
一种特别的重量前置飞钓线，前半部分的锥度短，重量集中，利于风阻大的鲈鱼虫毛钩翻转。
a special weight-forward floatingfly line with a short front taper so that the generally wind-resistant bassbugs can turn over (see weight forward and turn over).
引自 rioproducts.com

Beadhead珠头毛钩
钩眼附近加珠子的毛钩，模拟昆虫的头部，比如珠头野鸡尾若虫。珠子的材料有铜、镍、钨或者陶瓷。珠子通常会增加毛钩的重量，帮助它下沉，但也有珠子会增加浮力。
term used to describe a fly tiedwith a bead near the eye of the hook, simulating a head, such as a BeadheadPheasant Tail. Beads can be brass, nickel, tungsten, or ceramic, and typicallyadd weight to the fly in order to help it sink; however, some beads increasebuoyancy.
图片 by Van Beacham 引自 outdoorsnewmexico.com 
Belly中腹
有锥度的飞钓线中间部分，位于前锥之后后锥和跑线之前的部分。
     middle component of a taperedfly line; located past the tip and front taper, but before the rear taper andrunning line (see 
     running line, front taper, rear taper, and head).
Bimini Twist比米尼盘绕
一种结实，缓冲爆发力，用一系列盘绕和线结编织前导线尾端的方式。基本只用在咸水飞钓大型鱼类身上，比如大海鲢。（淡水飞钓王鲑的也有人用）
a strong, shock-absorbing alterationto a leader using a series of twists and knots, used almost exclusively insaltwater fly fishing for large game such as tarpon.
引自 netknot.com

Biot 飞羽刺
鸟类第一根飞羽的外侧的短厚刺状小枝，通常取自鹅或者鸭子，用来模拟尾巴，腿或者触角
a short thick barb from the leadingedge of a first-flight feather, typically from a goose or a duck, that is usedto simulate tails, legs, or antennae
引自 competitiveangler.com

Blank竿坯
用碳纤维，玻璃纤维，竹子或者其它材料做成的细长渐尖的结构，通常是圆形的，鱼竿其它部分附着的主体，简单的说就是飞钓竿“竿”的部分
the long, slender, tapered cylinder-typicallyconstructed of graphite, fiberglass, or bamboo-to which other components areattached during the manufacturing of a fly rod; simply the “rod” part of a flyrod.
Blood Knot血结
最常用的把两根直径相似的单丝鱼线连接到一起的结，制作连接式变径前导线最好的结，也叫做圆筒结
the most widely used knot for tyingtwo pieces of monofilament with similar diameters together; the best knot forconstruction of a knotted tapered leader; also called the barrel knot.
引自 netknot.com

Bobbin线轴
用来夹住绑制线的飞钓绑制工具
a fly-tying tool used for holding thread.
引自 petitjean.com

Bodkin毛钩针
往毛钩上点胶或者漆的工具，通常是一根固定在手柄上的细长尖金属针
fly-tying tool used to depositcement or lacquer to a fly, usually consisting of a thin, pointed metal rodattached to a handle.
引自 caimore.co.uk

Breaking Strength 断裂强度
拉断一根无结的单丝或者编织鱼线需要的力度，通常用磅来标示，比如说6磅拉力
amount of effort required to break asingle strand of unknotted monofilament or braided line, usually stated inpounds (example: 6 lb. test).
Bucktail鹿尾
（1）白尾鹿的尾巴毛，用来绑制多种毛钩，可以染成任何颜色也可以用自然色
（2）一类模拟小鲦鱼的毛钩，通常用鹿尾毛做成。
(1)the hair found on the tail of the Eastern whitetail deer, used in the tying of many types of flies; can be dyedany color, or used natural 
(2) a type of minnow-simulating fly, usually constructed of bucktail.
Mickey Finn 引自 orvis.com
Butt Section尾端
变径前导线的粗端，通常用圆环套圆环结或者营钉结连接到飞钓线上。

the thick end of a tapered leader,the section usually attached to the fly line via a loop-to-loop connection or a nail knot.
[C]
Caddis石蚕蛾
飞钓模拟的三种最重要的水生昆虫之一（另外两种是蜉蝣和摇蚊）；在全世界的淡水环境中都可以找到。成虫飞行状态与普通的蛾子相似，休息时翅膀贴着背支成帐篷状。水生中期中最重要的是蛹，这是它浮水羽化前的状态
one of the three most important aquaticinsects imitated by fly fishers; found around the world in all freshwaterhabitats; adult resembles a moth when in flight; at rest the wings are foldedin a tent shape down the back; the most important aquatic state of the caddisis the pupa, which is its emerging stage (also see larva, pupa and emerger).
石蚕蛾蛹引自 flyguys.net
石蚕蛾引自 troutnut.com
Callibaetis黑斑翼蜉蝣
蜉蝣目四节蜉科中的一类广泛分布于湖泊中的蜉蝣，因为翅膀前部的黑斑，经常被叫做黑斑翼蜉蝣。黑斑翼蜉蝣常见的大小是16和18号
widely distributed genus of mayflythat is commonly found in lakes; often called the “Speckled Wing Dun” becauseof the speckled markings on the leading edge of the adult’s wings. Callibaetisare usually found in sizes 16 and 18.
黑斑翼蜉蝣 引自 troutnut.com

Cape鸟氅
绑毛钩用的带毛鸟皮
part of a bird skin used for tyingflies.
Casting Arc抛投弧
一个完整的抛投过程中飞钓竿运动路线，通常用钟面来描述（比如说11点到1点）
the path that the fly rod followsduring a complete cast, usually related to the face of a clock.
引自 ruverbum.com

Caudal Fin尾鳍
鱼的尾鳍
the tail fin of a fish. 
CDC鸭臀毛/毛钩
是Cul de Canard的缩写，直译就是“鸭子屁股”。指鸭子油脂腺附近的羽毛，也可以指用这些羽毛绑制的毛钩。这个区域的羽毛很纤细，富含天然油脂使得它们非常斥水。
stands for “Cul de Canard” whichliterally translates to “butt of the duck.” Used both to refer to the feathersfrom the area around the oil gland of a duck and also to the flies tied withthese feathers. The feathers from this area are very wispy and impregnated withnatural oils making them extremely waterproof.
Char红点鲑
红点鲑属：一类和鳟鱼有近亲关系的冷水鱼，可以在世界上很多地方找到。特征是深色的身体上有浅色的斑点，胸鳍腹鳍和臀鳍尖端是白色的。红点鲑属的鱼的例子是溪红点鲑、湖红点鲑（湖鳟）、北极红点鲑（利氏鳟）、花羔红点鲑和强壮红点鲑
genus of fish related to troutthat prefer cold water and are found many places in the world, identified by adark body with lighter-colored spots and white-tipped pectoral, pelvic, andanal fins; examples of char are brook trout, lake trout, arctic char, DollyVarden, and bull trout.
花羔红点鲑 图片 by M bond/U of Washington
Chenille绳绒线
一种绒毛绳子一样的材料，用来绑制毛钩的身体。经常用在类似雾里八哥样式的毛钩上。
a fuzzy rope-like material used forcreating the bodies of artificial flies, often utilized in patterns such as theWoolly Bugger.
Chironomid 摇蚊
摇蚊科昆虫的学名。在蛹的阶段它们是小的水生蠕虫
scientific name for the family ofinsects commonly known as midges; in the pupae stage they typically appear tobe small aquatic worms.
摇蚊蛹 by Brain chan 引自 swittersb.files.wordpress.com
Click Drag齿轮阻尼刹车
一种很多飞钓轮上使用的传统刹车系统，用来增加阻力，减慢鱼的跑动速度，靠一个不停敲击在齿轮上的棘齿产生阻力。
a traditional system on many flyreels used to slow down or resist the pulling efforts of a fish, created by asteel ratchet snapping over the teeth of a gear in the reel spool.
引自 flyfishohio.com

Clinch Knot 绕返结
一种把钩、饵、八字环或者毛钩前导线或者鱼线上通用的线结，做一点小的变动以后就是强化绕返结，同样的用途，更强一些
universally used knot for attachinga hook, lure, swivel, or fly to the leader or line; a slight variation resultsin the improved clinch knot, which is an even stronger knot for the above uses.
引自 netknot.com
Collar 毛钩领
绑制毛钩的时候紧贴着头部绑的一圈羽毛或者兽毛。
a fly-tying term for a ring offeathers or hair placed immediately behind the head of the fly.
Comparadun 坎帕拉蜉蝣
七十年代由考奇和纳斯塔西创制的一系列没有颈羽的干式毛钩
，用毛绑成一个180度的扇面形翅膀。它们在需要模拟型毛钩的清水缓流钓场非常有效。
series of no-hackle dry fliesdeveloped by Caucci and Nastasi in the 1970s using a hair wing tied in a 180°flair. They are very effective patterns in slow-moving clear water where animitative (as opposed to impressionistic) pattern is needed.
引自 stevenojai.tripod.com
Co-Polymers 共聚线
几重不同的尼龙和塑料的加上抗紫外线的化学药剂混合制成的超强现代子线。orvis的“super strong”是一种共聚子线。它可以达到类似线径普通尼龙线的2-4倍强度，但不如尼龙线耐磨。
 mixtures of variousnylons and plastics along with anti-UV chemicals that have resulted in theexceptionally high breaking strength of modern tippet material. Orvis SuperStrong is a co-polymer tippet material. It allows us to use very fine tippetswith breaking strengths two-to-four times as strong as regular nylonmonofilament. However, co-polymers are not as abrasion resistant as regularnylon monofilament.
Czech Nymphing 捷克若虫钓法
一种欧洲的紧线若虫玩法，使用几个若虫毛钩，把渐变的前导线换成几段细直径的炭氟让毛钩尽快沉到水底。可以钓那些传统飞钓方法无法有效扫描的水域，十尺的飞钓杆非常适合这个玩法。

a style of fishing multiple nymphsthat trades a standard tapered leader for pieces of small-diameter fluorocarbonin order to get the flies to the bottom quickly; tight-line style of nymphingthat evolved in Europe and generally covers water considered unsuited fortraditional techniques; ideal for use with 10-foot fly rods.
引自 coloradoflyfisher.blogspot.com

[D]
Dacron 涤纶线
用做备线的编织尼龙线。

braided nylon line used for backing.
Damping 减振
抛投过程中释能回弹的时候减少竿的额外震动。这个可以减少抛投中飞钓线的波动，轻松达到更大的力度和距离。

reducing excess vibrations in therod blank when unloading the rod during a cast. This causes fewer waves in yourfly line resulting in more power and distance for less effort.
Damselfly 豆娘
一种重要的静水水生昆虫，毛钩通常模拟幼虫形态；一般在初夏到仲夏羽化。成虫看起来像蜻蜓，但停下休息的时候翅膀会折叠在背上。

an important stillwater aquaticinsect most commonly imitated in the nymphal form; usually hatches in early tomid-summer. Adult looks like a dragonfly, but folds its wings along its backwhen at rest.
豆娘幼虫 引自 toohforeeec.eq.edu.au

Dead Drift 自由漂流
完全自由的漂流（毛钩跟着水流的节奏前进）；干式和若虫毛钩飞钓中都会用到。

a perfect float (the fly istraveling at the same pace as the current); used in both nymph and dry-flyfishing (see mending line and “S” cast).
Deer Hair 鹿毛
最常用的绑制毛钩的中空毛发，用在弓背虫和棒头米诺样式的毛钩上

most commonly used of the hollowhairs for fly tying; used for the Humpy and the Muddler Minnow styles of flies.
棒头米诺 引自 thefeatherbender.files.wordpress.com

Delivery 送达
用于描述把毛钩抛向看起来有鱼的水域的过程；与“呈现”同义

term used to describe the action ofcasting a fly to a fish or into a promising-looking area of water; synonymouswith presentation.
Disc Drag 碟形刹车
飞钓轮内提供阻力的机械系统，靠施加在两片或者更多软木或者碳纤碟片上的压力产生阻力。
a mechanical system within a flyreel that creates resistance as the line is pulled off the spool, created bythe application of pressure between two or more discs, often made of cork orcarbon.
碟形刹车 引自 
flygearreviews.com

Dorsal Fin 背鳍
鱼背上的鳍，经常分成两个或者三个分开的部分。

the fin on the back of a fish, oftendivided into two or three separate sections.
Double Haul 双拉
一种钓手在前抛和后抛时都快速的抽动和释放线的抛投方式，用于获得更高的出线速度，让钓手抛更远或者逆风抛投。

a cast during which the casterquickly pulls and releases the line on both the back cast and the forward cast,used to create greater line speed, enabling the caster to reach farther or cutthrough wind.
Double Taper (DT) 双锥线
一种标准的飞钓线设计，线的两头都逐渐变细，但粗的“中腹”部分粗细一致；很好的短距离和中等距离飞钓线，滚抛也很好；长距离抛投效果不佳；沉水和浮水线里都可以见到

a standard fly line design in whichboth ends of the line are tapered, while the greater portion or “belly” of theline is level; excellent line for short or moderate length casts, and for rollcasting; not as well suited for distance casts; commonly available in floatingor sinking styles.
RIO的DT线设计 引自 minturnanglers.com

Drag 拖拽/泄力
（1）描述毛钩被施加在主线和前导上的水流力量带动的不自然动作。拖拽通常不利于钓鱼，但有时也有用（比如说利用来模拟成年石蚕蛾的动作）

（2）施加在轮子线杯上的阻力，用来防止线杯的转动速度快过出线速度（溜大鱼时有用）
(1)term used to describe an unnaturalmotion of the fly caused by the effect of the current on line and leader. Dragis usually detrimental, though at times useful (such as imitating the actionsof the adult caddis). 
(2) Resistance applied to the reel spool to prevent it from turning faster thanthe line leaving the spool (used in playing larger fish).
Drag Free 无拖拽漂流
跟自由漂流同义

see dead drift.
Dragonfly 蜻蜓
一种重要的静水水生昆虫，毛钩通常模拟幼虫形态；一般初夏到仲夏羽化。跟豆娘不同的是蜻蜓停下休息时翅膀垂直伸到身体两侧。

important stillwater aquatic insectmost commonly imitated in the nymphal form; usually hatches in early tomid-summer. Unlike the Damselfly, the Dragonfly adult holds its wings straightout (like an airplane) when at rest.
Drop-off 陡降结构
溪流湖泊或者海滩水底急剧变深的位置；经常是重要的吸引鱼的结构，提供了来浅水进食的机会同时能让鱼在受到威胁的时候能迅速逃回深水。
steep drop in the bottom of astream, lake, or beach; often a major attraction for fish as it offers accessto shallow water for feeding with the safety of deep water for escape ifthreatened.
Dropper 附坠物
任何加到子线上或者子线末端的毛钩上的东西，经常是第二个毛钩或者咬铅。最常见的做法是用一个绕返结把一段４到１８英寸的子线绑到子线上已经绑好的毛钩弯曲的位置，再在子线上加上第二个毛钩。＂干蝇附坠钓组＂通常指用前面的这种方式把一个若虫毛钩接到干式毛钩上。
anything added to the main leader orto the fly at the end of the leader, most often a second fly or a weight suchas split shot. The most common practice is to tie a piece of tippet (from fourto 18 inches long) with a clinch knot onto the bend of the hook of a flyalready attached to a leader, adding a second fly to the extra piece of tippet.The term “dry-dropper rig” usually refers to an arrangement where a nymph isattached to a high-floating dry fly in this manner.
＂干蝇附坠钓组＂
引自falconsledge.com

Dry Fly干式毛钩
任何用作水面飞钓的毛钩；通常用不吸水的材料绑制；常用来模拟水生昆虫的成虫阶段。
any fly fished upon the surface ofthe water; usually constructed of non-water-absorbent materials; most commonlyused to imitate the adult stage of aquatic insects.
Dry-Fly Floatant 助浮剂
用来添加到干式毛钩上增加防水性能的化学制品，有软膏、液体和气雾剂。
chemicalpreparation that is applied to a dry fly (before using the fly) to waterproofit; may be a paste, liquid, or aerosol.
Dubbing躯干纤维
毛钩绑制材料，通常用来绑制毛钩的身体。
material used in fly tying,typically used to create the body of a fly.
Dun初生蜉蝣
成年蜉蝣生命周期的第一阶段（出水羽化后到二次褪壳前的阶段）；通常很短（1-24小时），这是干式毛钩最常模拟的阶段。
(1)first stage in the adult mayfly’slife cycle; usually of short duration (1 to 24 hours); this is the stage mostoften imitated by the dry fly; 
灰-蓝色：一种某些毛钩绑制材料上必不可少的黯淡灰-蓝色
(2) a darkish gray-blue color that is very desirable in some fly-tyingmaterials.
引自 intheriffle.com
[E]
Eddy涡流区
流水中水流边缘的某些区域，相对周围水域平静，提供了鱼藏身等待昆虫出现的位置。
a section of water in a stream foundon the edge of a current that is less disturbed than the surrounding water,providing a place for fish to hold and for insects to emerge.
Elk Hair马鹿毛
加拿大马鹿躯干上的毛，常用来绑毛钩上粗大的部分，马鹿毛中空，可以提供额外的浮力。
hair from the body of an elk that isused in many fly patterns to supply bulk for a body or to provide addedflotation.
Emerger浮水若虫
指水生昆虫羽化前期从水下浮上水面到变成成虫之前的这段时间；（羽化前期的昆虫容易被鱼捕食）是飞钓手模拟的最重要的阶段。（一般这类毛钩钓鱼的时候可干也可以湿，不加助浮剂前几次抛投以后就会沉水，常用做湿式毛钩钓浅层水面）
pertaining to aquatic insects, thename used to describe that time frame when the nymph reaches the surface andthe adult hatches out; the emerging nymph may well be the single most importantnymph phase for the fly fishers to imitate.
浮水蜉蝣若虫 by flydoc 引自 flytyingforum.com

[F]
False Cast虚抛
经典飞钓抛投中常用的动作，用来延长或者缩短竿外的线，改变抛投方向或者是甩干毛钩。虚抛中线保持在空中飞舞，不碰触水面或者地面前抛和后抛。
standard fly-fishing cast; used tolengthen and shorten line, to change direction, and to dry off the fly;frequently overused. In false casting, the line is kept moving backwards andforwards without being allowed to touch the surface of the water or the ground(see casting arc, back cast, and forward cast).
Ferrule接头
各节飞钓竿连接的位置，一节飞钓竿以嵌套的方式接到另一节上。
the point where sections of a flyrod are joined; the end of one section fits inside the end of another in anoverlapping fashion at the ferrule.
Fingerling小鱼
未成熟的小鱼
an immature fish.
Flashback亮背若虫
任何一种用闪亮／反光材料绑制翅囊（wing case）的若虫毛钩。
any type of nymph fly pattern thathas a flashy or reflective material tied in at the wing case.
Flat 平台区
水深相对稳定的一片区域，经常是沙底或者草底。北梭鱼，条纹鲈和眼斑拟石首鱼（美国红鱼）常在这样的地方觅食。
an area of water with a relativelystable depth, often over a sand or grass bottom; common area for fish such asbonefish, stripers, and redfish to forage for food.
Float Tube 水沙发
单人的浮水装置，通常是底部带座椭圆形或者U形。在温水地区和高山湖泊飞钓的钓手中比较流行。
a one-person watercraft, typicallyoval or U-shaped with a seat across the bottom; popular with warmwater anglersand with individuals who fish alpine lakes.
水沙发 by 化石 

Floating Fly Line (F)全浮线
从头到尾都浮水的飞钓线，全浮线是最通用的飞钓线。
a fly line where the entire linefloats; best all round fly line (see double taper, level, shooting head, weightforward).
Fluorocarbon碳氟化合物
前导／子线材料，低折光率使它在水下几乎不可见，具有低延展性、高线结强度，抗紫外线、耐磨等优良特性。常用于淡水若虫钓组和海水飞钓。
tippet or leader material with a lowrefractive index, making it nearly invisible underwater; known for its tensileand knot strength as well as its UV- and abrasion resistance; best used forsaltwater fly fishing or freshwater nymph rigs.
尼龙线与碳氟线水下对照 引自 theflyfishingbasics.com
Fly Casting 飞钓抛投
用飞钓竿和飞钓线把毛钩投送到目标区域的方式，包括很多种不同的抛投方法。
standard method of presenting a flyto a target using a fly rod and fly line; involves many different casts (seeback cast, forward cast, false cast, roll cast, “S” cast, and shooting line).
引自 nkff.org
Fly Line飞钓线
飞钓最核心的部分之一。用合成树脂（聚氨酯、聚氯乙烯）包裹在编织涤纶或者尼龙线的外面制成。有几种不同的锥度和全浮、全沉和先端沉水三种类型。
key ingredient to fly fishing; madeof a tapered plastic coating over a braided Dacron or nylon core; available inseveral tapers and in floating, sinking, and sink-tip styles (see double taper,shooting head, weight forward, sink-tip, and floating fly line).
飞钓线 by KastKing
Fly Reel 飞钓轮
飞钓中用来绕线的渔轮。有三种基本类型的飞钓轮，单速轮，增速轮和自动轮。单速轮摇一圈线杯转一圈。增速轮用齿轮系统来增加线杯的转速。自动轮现在非常少见，它们靠轮子里开关控制手工上紧的发条来收线。
fishing reel used in fly fishing tohold the fly line. There are three basic types: single action, multiplier, andautomatic. Single action means that one turn of the handle equals one turn ofthe spool. Multiplying reels use a gear system to increase this ratio.Automatic fly reels are becoming less common; they operate by a manually woundspring which is activated by a lever.
自动飞钓轮 引自 treeclimbercoalition.org
Fly Rod飞钓竿
设计来抛投飞钓线的鱼竿；
飞钓竿有一点和其它鱼竿不同的地方是轮座在竿子的底部
，手柄在轮子上方。飞钓竿长度各有不同，一般7到9英尺；制竿材料有竹子、玻璃纤维、碳纤维等。
a type of fishing rod especiallydesigned to cast a fly line; fly rods differ from other types of rods in thatthe reel attaches at the butt of the rod with the rod handle always above thereel; fly rods usually have more line guides than other types of rods of thesame length; fly rod lengths vary, with common lengths being between 7 and 9feet; materials used in fly rod construction are bamboo, fiberglass, andgraphite.
Forceps 止血钳
飞钓中常用来取钩的医疗器械。有类似钳子的齿槽和夹紧以后用来锁牢的锁齿。
hand-operated medical instrumentwidely used in fly fishing to remove flies from the jaws of a hooked fish;feature pliers-like jaws with locking clips so that once they are clamped tothe hook, they stay there until released.
Forward Cast前抛
飞钓抛投中向前发力的部分，后抛的镜像
the front portion of the false castor pick-up and lay-down, and a mirror image of the back cast.
Forward Taper 重量前置线
see weight forward.
Foul Hook 挂鱼
钩到了鱼嘴以外的位置
to hook a fish anywhere but in itsmouth.
Freestone急流砂石河
因为显著的落差，形成的中速或者高速的流水的河流。绝大多数由融雪或者雨水形成，也有泉水形成的；较高的流速抑制了水生植物的生长，比一般的泉水河更瘦，但经常有很多鱼。（Freestone是指河底的石头常随水流移动）
type of river or stream with asignificant gradient resulting in medium to fast-moving water; may bespring-fed, but most flows result from snow melt, run-off, or tributaries;fast-moving water inhibits vegetation growth; less fertile than spring creeks,but often full of opportunistic fish.
Front Taper （飞钓线）前锥
指飞钓线尖端到中腹渐变的部分
the transition between the tip andthe belly of a fly line.
Fry鱼苗
指鱼苗刚从卵里孵出的阶段

the first stage of a fish afterhatching from an egg.
[G]
Gel-Spun Polyethylene聚乙烯冻胶纤维
一种极细，软，滑，抗磨，高强度的合成纤维；当需要大量的备线轮子容量又有限的时候经常会用到这种纤维制成的编织线。
A synthetic fiber that is extremelythin, supple, slippery, abrasion resistant, and strong; often used as a braidedfly line backing where large amounts of backing are needed and space on thereel is limited.
Graphite碳纤维
目前最流行的鱼竿材料；所有制竿材料里重量/强度/弹性最好‘、
the most popular rod-buildingmaterial in use today; offers the best weight, strength, and flex ratio of anyrod building material currently available.
Gravel Guards碎石护套
a standalone neoprene sock or attachment on a wader to pull over the top of wading boots to prevent gravelfrom collecting inside the boots.
套在分体式水裤涉水鞋顶上防止碎石进入鞋子的护套，有单独的氯丁橡胶套筒，也有附着在水裤上。
引自 orvis.com
Grip 手柄
飞竿握手的部分，通常是打磨成几种不同形状的软木制成。包括雪茄型，半威尔斯型，全威尔斯型和精细型
the handle of a fly rod, generallymade of cork rings sanded in several different configurations, including acigar grip, full-wells grip, half-wells grip, and superfine grip.
引自 cabelas.com
Grilse 早熟鲑
在海里发育一年或者更短时间就回淡水洄游的亚特兰大三文，或者其它三文。

an immature Atlantic salmon thatreturns to freshwater having spent a year or less at sea.
[H]
Hackle 颈羽
一般是鸡脖子上的毛，可以是任何颜色（染或者自然色）。颈羽的特性比如单根纤维的软硬程度，小枝羽的疏密决定了它适合什么毛钩。；有很多专门养殖来收集颈羽绑毛钩的鸡。
a feather, usually from the neckarea of a chicken; can be any color (dyed or natural); hackle quality, such asthe stiffness of the individual fibers and amount of web, determines the typeof fly tied with the hackle; many hackles are grown specifically for fly tying.
引自 growlermag.com

Hackle Pliers羽毛夹
用来夹住羽毛往钩子上绕的毛钩绑制工具。
fly-tying tool for wrapping hacklefeathers around the hook.
引自 roysoninternational.com

Hair Stacker 毛发堆垛器
fly-tying tool; a small tube that isused to gather and trim a clump of hair, usually deer hair.
用来对齐毛发的毛钩绑制工具
引自 umpqua.com

Hatch饵潮
大量的同一种昆虫（广义的hatch’也包括任何种类的饵）同时出现。
a large number of the same speciesof insects emerging around the same time.
Haul 拽线
抛投中用非持竿手抽动飞钓线，以获得更高的出线速度达到更远的距离。
a pull on the fly line with thenon-casting hand to increase line speed and achieve greater distance.
Head抛投段
飞线的尖端、前锥、中腹和后锥合在一起算作一个部分的合称（跟跑线runling line对应）；通常是飞线抛投端的前30-40英尺。
the tip, front taper, belly, andrear taper of a fly line considered together as one section; generally thefirst 30 to 40 feet of a fly line on the casting end.
Headwaters 河源
河流上游主要的支流汇入前的部分，通常比主河道窄，流量小。
upstream section of the river beforethe main tributaries join it; this section is typically much smaller in widthand flow than the main section of the river.
Hollow Hair河源
中空毛发：有些动物的毛绝大多数是中空的，毛发中的空气让它们漂浮，非常适合绑制干式毛钩和鲈鱼毛钩，羚羊、鹿和马鹿都有中空的毛。
hair from some animals is mostlyhollow, thus holding air and making these  hairs float; ideal for tying dry flies andbass bugs; antelope, deer, and elk all have hollow hair.
Hook 钩子
毛钩绑制的主体，可以是极小到极大的任何尺寸，由镀铜、铬或者防锈层的钢丝制成，钩子根据不同的毛钩设计成了各种不同样式。

the object upon which the fly istied; can be any size from tiny to huge; made from steel wire, and eitherbronzed, cadmium coated, or stainless; hook designs are variable; style useddepends upon the type of fly being tied.
[I]
Imitative Flies仿生毛钩
倾向于模拟特定昆虫的毛钩（比如说BWO坎帕拉蜉蝣－BWO Comparadun）；仿生毛钩对于水流慢，清澈，水生昆虫丰富的富营养溪流中挑剔的鳟鱼很管用。
flies tied to more closely matchspecific insects (for instance a BWO Comparadun); imitative flies are mosteffective in slow-moving, clear water, with finicky trout in fertile streamswith large populations of aquatic insects.
BWO坎帕拉蜉蝣 引自 fryingpananglers.com

Impressionistic Flies印象派毛钩
大体上模拟很多种不同的昆虫或者某个科的昆虫；比如说，12-16号的野兔耳若虫可以模拟蜉蝣，也可以模拟石蚕蛾，大一些的还可以模拟石蝇；印象派的毛钩在中速到高速的流水、昆虫数量稀少的溪流里效果最好。
flies tied to loosely suggest avariety of insects or insect families; for instance, a Hare’s Ear nymph insizes 12-16 can be used as both a mayfly and a caddisfly imitation and inlarger sizes as a stonefly imitation; impressionistic flies are usually mosteffective in medium to fast water, in streams with sparser populations ofaquatic insects.
野兔耳若虫 
引自 hatchesmagazine.com

Indicator浮漂
放置在前导线上或者飞钓线末端的飘浮物，用来指示鱼咬口，或者是用在松线若虫飞钓上显示毛钩的漂浮线路，非常有效。
floating object placed on the leaderor end of the fly line to “indicate” the take of the fly by a fish or toindicate the path of the drift of the fly; used when nymph fishing with a slackline; very effective.
引自 spokesman.com

[K]
Knotless Tapered Leader渐变前导线
由从粗到细的整根单丝线制成的前导，挤压或者是酸浸是最常用的做出渐变锥度的办法。
a fly-fishing leader entirelyconstructed from a single piece of monofilament. Extrusion or acid immersion ismost commonly used to taper the leader.
Knotted Leader有结前导线
用多节不同粗细的线连接到一起制成的前导线。最常用的来连接的是血结和外科结。
fly-fishing leader constructed byknotting sections of different diameter leader material to each other to make atapered leader. Most commonly used knots to construct such a leader are blood(or barrel) knot and surgeon’s knot (see blood knot, surgeon’s knot, leader,tapered leader, leader material).
Kype
a male spawning trout or salmondevelops a hook-like protrusion on the mandible; particularly striking insalmon and brown trout.
钩吻：雄性的三文或者鳟鱼繁殖季节下颌发育成的钩状突起。在三文和褐鳟上尤其显眼‘
图片 by 疯鲈
[L]
Larva 幼虫
水生、未成熟、处于生长阶段的石蚕蛾和其它的一些昆虫；很多品种的石蚕蛾会用细砂或者其它杂物制作一个保护的虫壳；这个阶段的石蚕蛾底栖没有游泳能力。
the immature, aquatic, growing stageof the caddis and some other insects; many species of caddis larva build aprotective covering of fine gravel or debris to protect them in this stage; abottom-dwelling non-swimming stage of the insect.
Lateral Line侧线
沿着鱼体侧分布的水平线，有些鱼身上有显眼的颜色标记，有些几乎看不见。这是由一系列的小孔组成的鱼的感觉器官，可以探测到水压的变化和水的震动。
horizontal line along the sides offish - clearly marked by coloration in some, nearly invisible in others - thatworks as a sensory organ, composed of a series of canals that detect pressurevariations and vibrations in the water.
引自 wikipedia.org

Leader 前导线
飞钓主线和毛钩之间的尼龙或者碳氟线；为了把毛钩轻柔的投送到远离主线的位置通常用变径线。
the section of monofilament orfluorocarbon line between the fly line and the fly; usually tapered to deliverthe fly softly and away from the fly line (see knotted leader, knotless taperedleader, turn over, and monofilament).
Line Tip飞线头
飞线连接前导的位置，位于变径前锥之前的部分，算作飞线抛投段的一部分。
the front part of a fly line wherethe leader is attached; located before the front taper, but still consideredpart of the head.
Line Weight 线重
飞钓线前30尺的重量，用格令来计量，制造商以此做标准来给不同硬度的竿配合适的飞线。
the weight (measured in grains) ofthe first 30 feet of a fly line, used as a way to standardize fly lines inmatching them to fly rods of differing stiffness.
Loading the Rod 蓄力
用来描述抛投过程中飞钓竿被飞线的重量压弯积蓄能量。
phrase used to describe the bend putin the rod by the weight of the line as it travels through the air during thecast.
Loop-to-Loop环对环连接
常用作连接飞钓线和前导的一种连接方式，用络头结在前导线的尾端做一个环，把飞钓线前端的环穿过前导线上的环，再把整个前导线从飞钓线的环里穿过。

quick and easy connection systemtypically used to attach a fly line to a leader by making a loop at the end ofthe leader (perfection loop knot), pulling the fly-line loop through the leaderloop, then pulling the entire leader back through the loop attached to the endof the fly line.
引自 netknots.com
[M]
Mayfly蜉蝣
全世界范围内被模拟的最多的一种水生昆虫；很多干式毛钩和若虫毛钩都模拟这种虫子；蜉蝣的若虫阶段大约一年左右；成虫能活1-3天；成虫有一对垂直向上的翅膀，让它们看起来像小帆船，在低温和凉爽的淡水环境中很常见。
world wide, the most commonlyimitated aquatic insect; most dry-fly and nymph patterns imitate this insect;nymph stage of the mayfly lasts approximately one year; adult stages last oneto three days; adults have one pair of upright wings, making it look like asmall sailboat; commonly found in cold or cool freshwater environments.
 蜉蝣若虫 引自 bugguide.net

蜉蝣 引自 welcomewildlife.com
Marabou绒羽/半绒羽
大部分鸟身上都有的正羽下面的羽毛；毛钩绑制用的绒羽一般来自鸡、火鸡或者其它家禽。
soft underfeathers found on mostbirds; fly-tying marabou generally comes from chickens, turkeys or otherdomestic fowl.
Mending Line修正飞线
飞线落到水面之后调整达到自由漂流目的技术，一般由一个或者一系列的抖竿尖完成；让飞线上形成一个马蹄形的弯曲，朝上游修正的时候让飞线速度减慢，反之加速
method used after the line is on thewater to achieve a drag-free float, typically consisting of a flip, or seriesof flips, with the rod tip which puts a horseshoe-shaped bow in the line; thisslows down the speed with which the line travels if mended upstream, and speedsup the line if mended downstream.
Midge蚋
一些鳟鱼喜欢捕食的双翅目昆虫，也叫做gnats，外形看起来像蚊子，休息的时候两个翅膀在背上形成平铺的v形；有时候这个词也用来指小的蜉蝣（虽然不对）
a term properly applied to the smallDipterans that trout feed on; often called gnats; similar to mosquitoes inappearance; midges have two wings that lie in a flat “V” shape over the backwhen at rest; term sometimes loosely applied (and incorrectly so) whenreferring to small mayflies
.
引自 mzephotos.com

Monofilament 单丝尼龙线
用于各种钓鱼方式、不同强度粗细、透明、柔软的尼龙线
a clear, supple nylon filament usedin all types of fishing that is available in many breaking strengths (seebreaking strength) and diameters.
 [N]
Nail Knot 钉结
method used to attach a leader orbutt section of monofilament to the fly line, and of attaching the backing tothe fly line; most commonly tied using a small diameter tube rather than anail.
用于连接飞钓主线和前导或者备线的线结，一般绑在一根小管子上（所以也叫tube knot），不是钉子上。
引自 netknots.com
Narrow Loop 紧窄抛投环
飞线在空中前行的时候的理想状态，紧窄的抛投环可以用侧躺的U来描述，用小角度的抛投弧可以抛出紧窄的抛投环。
term that describes what the flyline should look like as it travels through the air; a narrow loop can best bedescribed as the letter “U” turned on its side; it is formed by using a narrowcasting arc.
引自 fly-fish-guide.net

Needle Nail Knot针结
跟钉结绑法一样，不同的是先把前导或者备线从主线的中心穿过3/16-3/8英寸的一小段从侧面穿出，然后再打钉结；这样做可以让前导或者备线从飞钓主线的中心出来。
same as the nail knot except thatthe leader or backing is run up through the center of the fly line for 3/16 to3/8 inch, then out through the side of the fly line before the nail knot istied; this allows the backing or the leader to come out the center of the flyline rather than along the side of it as in the nail knot.
Nymph 若虫
未发育成熟的昆虫，我们只关心水生昆虫的若虫阶段。
immature form of insects; as flyfishers, we are concerned only with the nymphs of aquatic insects.
Nymphing 若虫飞钓
用若虫飞钓,或者是鱼捕食若虫。

word describing fish feeding onnymphs or the act of fly fishing with nymphs.
[O]
Open Loop开放抛投环
用来描述比较糟糕的抛投时飞线在空中的形状，用很宽的抛投弧就会造成开放的抛投环。

term used to describe what the flyline looks like as it travels through the air during a poor cast; caused by avery wide casting arc.
Palming手压刹车
指用手掌压到无边框的飞钓轮线杯的边缘来产生泄力溜鱼
a term referring to the use of thepalm of the hand against the spool edge of a rimless fly reel as a means of applying drag against the release of line in fighting a fish.
Parachute降落伞毛钩
颈羽水平的绑在翅膀的根部，而不是垂直的绑在钩上的干式毛钩，这么做可以让毛钩的身体部分浸到水面以下，这类毛钩通常在中低速的流水里最有效。

type of dry fly where the hackle iswound horizontally around the base of the wing like a parachute instead ofvertically around the hook of the fly. This drops the body of the fly down intothe surface film of the water. It is usually most effective in medium to slowmoving waters.
引自 troutline.ro

Pectoral fins胸鳍
the pair of fins just behind thehead of a fish.
鱼头后面的那对鱼鳍
Pelvic fins 腹鳍
the pair of fins on the lower bodyof a fish; also called ventral fins.
鱼下腹部的那对鳍，也叫做ventral fins
Pick-Up and Lay Down 提线－放线抛投
只用一个后抛的飞钓抛投方式。飞钓线从水里提起后直接后抛，接着前抛让线走直落水完成抛投；非常好的湿式毛钩抛投，也用于鲈鱼毛钩抛投。当条件满足的时候是效率最高的飞钓抛投方式，因为毛钩在水中的时间更多。
a fly fishingcast using only a single backcast. The line is lifted from the water and a backcast made, followed by a forward cast which is allowed to straighten and fallto the water, completing the cast; good wet fly cast; also useful in bass bugging;most efficient cast to use, when possible, because the fly spends more time inthe water (also see presentation).
PoppingBug波爬毛钩
用硬质材料做成的鲈鱼毛钩，通常是软木或者轻木（巴尔沙木），这些浮力很好的材料可以加工成不同的各种不同的形态。
abass bug made from a hard material. Usually cork or balsa wood, as these arehigh floating materials that can be made into a variety of shapes.
引自 rdflyfishing.com

Presentation表达／呈现
把毛钩投送到水上给鱼选择；毛钩呈现的方式有无数中，会随不同的钓况变化。呈现要实现的目标是毛钩与自然的昆虫或着其它类型食物以相似的方式出现。
theact of putting the fly on the water and offering it to the fish; the variety ofpresentations is infinite, and changes with each fishing situation. The objectis to present the fly in a manner similar to the natural insect or food formthat you are imitating.
Pupa蛹
ininsects, the transition stage between the larva and the adult; to fly-fishers,caddis pupa are the most important of these insects.
幼虫到成虫之间的过渡阶段；对于飞钓钓手来说，石蚕蛾蛹是最重要的一种
石蚕蛾蛹毛钩 by Davie Mcphail

Reach Cast伸竿抛投
一种在线上增加额外的虚线的抛投方式，目的是让毛钩更自然的漂流。
a cast used for adding extra slack inthe line, or when fishing downstream, in order to provide a more natural float.
Rear Taper后锥
飞钓线中腹和跑线之间的过渡部分。.
the transition between the belly andthe running line sections of a fly line
Redd 产床（鲑鱼）
a clearing in the sand or gravel ofa riverbed created by breeding trout or salmon for use as a spawning area.
河床上沙子或者碎石上鳟鱼或者三文清理出来的产卵区
引自 fishbio.com

Reel Seat 轮座
竿子上用来固定轮子的结构；通常用锁口金属环，或者滑动的圆箍
mechanism that holds the reel to therod, usually using locking metal rings or sliding bands.
Retrieve 收线
抛投后把毛钩往钓手方向回收；可以有各种不同的方式，比较重要的一点是保持竿尖低放，指向线的方向。
bringing the fly back towards thecaster after the cast is made; can be done in a variety of ways; importantpoints of retrieving are to keep the rod tip low and pointed straight down theline.
Riffle小急流
溪流或者河里的小急流。
a small rapid in a river or stream.
Riparian 河岸生物
指任何栖息于或者适于河岸的生物。
a term that describes anything of,inhabiting, or situated on a riverbank.
Rise 索饵上浮
鱼浮上水面来进食。
the action of a fish as it comes tothe surface of the water to feed.
Rod Flex竿调性
跟action同义，指竿加速时弯曲的方式，竿尖弯曲指竿主要弯曲的部分集中在竿尖（快调）；中部弯曲指弯曲的部分从竿尖一直延伸到竿中部（中调）；全弯曲指竿在抛投过程中从上到下都会弯曲（慢调）；
synonymous with action; the mannerin which the rod bends during the cast during the acceleration phase of thecast; Tip-Flex rods bend primarily through the tip section, Mid-Flex rods benddown into the middle section, and Full-Flex rods bend throughout the entire rodduring the cast; Orvis has put together a Flex Index rating system so flyfishers can tell at a glance what type of flex to expect from a particular rod.
Roll Cast滚抛
三种最基础的抛投方式之一；在不需要后抛的情况下完成抛投。用沉水线的时候滚抛非常重要，通过它把线带到水面，再以正常的方式完成抛投。
one of the three most basic flycasts; allows a cast to be made without a back cast; essential for use withsinking lines, to bring the line to the surface so it may be picked up and castin a normal manner.
引自 falconsledge.com

Run
（1）出线：鱼上钩以后挣扎的过程中把线拉出去。
（2）急水区：流水中坑前流过大石块或者碎石河底的相对浅的水。
(1)the pulling out of line a hookedfish makes while trying to escape;
(2) a section of stream where relatively shallow water goes over a rough orgravel bottom and then into a pool.
Running Line
（1）跑线：飞线连接着备线的长、细的后半部分；
（2）连接在抛射头后面的线：可以是20-30磅的单丝尼龙线，尼龙编织线，或者细的沉水、浮水线；通常100英尺左右。这样的配置可以让钓手在只更换抛射头的情况下迅速更换线的种类；经常用于海水飞钓，特别是条纹鲈飞钓。
(1) the long, thin part of a flyline that connects to the backing at the reel end 
(2) a thin line attached to the back of a shooting taper (shooting head) line;may be 20 to 30 pound monofilament, braided nylon, narrow floating or sinkingline, or other material; usually around 100 feet in length, it allows the flyfisher to quickly change the type of line being used by interchanging only thehead section; used frequently in saltwater situations, especially for striped bass.
[S]
“S” CastS形抛投
一种有意在线上形成可控的虚线的抛投方式；用于获得自由漂流，或者用于修正飞线。
cast used to put deliberate andcontrolled slack into a cast; used in getting a drag free float and inconjunction with mending line (see drag, dead drift, and mending line).
Saltwater Taper咸水锥度
一种与鲈鱼线相似的重量前置锥度。
a weight forward fly line that is similar to a bass bug taper (see weight forward and bass bug taper).
Scud钩虾
一种像虾的小型淡水甲壳动物，在营养丰富的尾水溪流中很多。
a small freshwater crustaceansimilar in appearance to shrimp; found in large numbers in fertile tailwaterstreams.
引自 oregonzoo.org

Setting the Hook刹钩
把鱼钩刺进鱼嘴的动作
the act of pulling the hook into theflesh of the fish’s mouth.
Shooting Taper (ST) or Shooting Head 抛射头/线
一种短的单一锥度的飞钓线，30-40英尺长，抛射头的设计是以最小的努力获得最远的距离，抛射头也可以让钓手迅速改变线的类型（全浮、全沉、尖端下沉等）。抛射头常用于三文、钢头、鲥鱼和海水飞钓，它们也可以用于任何类型的飞钓
a short, single-tapered fly line,30-40 feet long; shooting heads are designed for longest casts with minimumeffort; shooting heads allow quick change of line types (floating, sinking,sink-tip, etc.) by quickly interchanging head sections; shooting heads are mostcommonly used with salmon, steelhead, saltwater, and shad fishing, though theycan be used in all types of fly fishing.
Sink Rate沉水率
沉水飞钓线的沉水速度；从非常慢到极快最少有六种不同速度的沉水飞钓线
the speed at which a sinking flyline sinks; there are at least 6 different sink rates for fly lines, from veryslow to extremely fast.
Sink-Tip Fly Line (F/S) 尖端沉水线
尖端部分沉水的飞钓线；有4、10、12、15、20、24、30英尺长度的沉水头；10尺沉水头是最常用也是很多飞钓中最适用的长度，沉水飞钓线用在各种飞钓方式上，特别是湿式毛钩飞钓和饰带毛钩飞钓。
a floatingfly line where the tip portion sinks; available in 4 foot, 10 foot, 12 foot, 15foot, 20 foot, 24 foot, and 30 foot sinking tips; the 10 foot sink-tips aremost commonly used and are practical in many applications; sink-tip lines areuseful in all types of fly fishing, but especially in wet fly or streamerfishing.
Sinking Fly Line (S)沉水飞钓线/全沉线
从头到尾都沉水的飞钓线。
a fly line in which the entirelength of the line sinks beneath the surface of the water.
Spawn产卵
鱼类的繁殖活动，各种鱼各不相同。
the reproductive behavior of fish;varies by species.
Spey Cast动态滚抛
一种用加长双手竿（也可以单手）完成的变种滚抛；以起源的地苏格兰的一条河命名。
a particular casting technique usingelongated two-handed rods and a modified roll cast; named after a river inScotland where the method was developed.
Spinner产卵蜉蝣
产卵状态的蜉蝣
the egg-laying stage of the mayfly.
引自 Troutnut.com

Spool线杯
飞钓轮上旋转的部分，备线和飞线绕在上面，有些可以分开单独购买。
the part of the fly reel thatrevolves and which holds the backing and the fly line; may be purchasedseparately.
Standing Line线头
一根线跟另一根线连接的时候预留出来绑线结的部分，两根线通过线头末端的结连接到一起。
the part of the line that is joinedto another piece of line when tying the tag ends together; two standing linesare joined by tying their tag ends into a knot.
Steelhead钢头
a migratory rainbow trout thatreaches great size after spending most of its life in the ocean; also found inthe Great Lakes.
在海里完成大部分生命周期，长成巨大尺寸的洄游虹鳟；它们也生活在五大湖区。
钢头 by 皮皮鲁
Stonefly石蝇
非常重要的一大类水生昆虫；若虫生活1-3年，取决于不同品种。多数品种爬到岸边羽化，在水面以上从蛹壳中爬出来，因此成虫只在岸边或者突出水面的物体周围才能被鳟鱼捕食；成虫有两对休息时平行折叠在背上的翅膀；石蝇需要水质非常好的石底河流。
very important aquatic insect; nymphlives for one to three years, depending on species; most species hatch out bycrawling to the shoreline and emerging from its nymphal case above the surface,thus adults are available to trout only along shoreline and around midstreamobstructions; adult has two pair of wings which are folded flat along its backwhen at rest; stoneflies require a rocky bottomed stream with very good waterquality.
Streamer饰带毛钩
用于模拟各种运动鱼种捕食的不同饵鱼；通常用羽毛绑制，也可以用毛发，有各种大小尺寸。
fly tied to imitate the variousspecies of baitfish upon which game fish feed; usually tied using feathers forthe wing, but can be tied with hair and/or feathers; tied in all sizes (seebucktail).
翠羽黄睛 by 大S
Stripping line抽线
用手把线从指间抽回来，跟用轮子卷线对应。有时这个词也指跑线（不常用）
Retrieving the lineby pulling it in through your fingers as opposed to winding it in on the reel.Term sometimes used to refer to running line (not a common usage).
Surgeon’s Knot外科结
很好的把两根尼龙线连到一起的结，线的粗细可以不同。
excellent knot used to tie twolengths of monofilament together; the lines may be of dissimilar diameters.
[T]
Tag (Tag End)线末端
鱼线用于绑线结的那头
the end of the line that is used totie a knot.
Tailwater尾水
the downstream section of a river orstream found below a large man-made dam.
大的人造坝下游的河或者溪流。
Tapered Leader渐变前导线
一种尼龙的飞钓前导线；后端跟飞钓线类似粗细，往前逐渐变细。
a leader made of monofilament andused for fly fishing; the back or butt section of the leader is of a diameternearly as large as the fly line, then becomes progressively smaller in diameteras you approach the tip end (see knotless tapered leader, knotted leader, andtippet).
Terrestrial 陆生昆虫
陆生的昆虫，比如蚂蚁和蝗虫，它们经常会成为鱼的食物。
land-based insects, such as ants orgrasshoppers, that are often food for fish.
Thorax胸部
通常指若虫的胸部，但也指毛钩的一部分，通常是头之后用躯干纤维绑的部分。
normally associated with nymphs,however can be a part of the fly, usually the area behind the head, mainlyconstructed with dubbing.
Tight Loop 紧窄抛投环
跟narrowloop同义
see narrow loop.
Tip Section竿尖
飞钓竿最前端的最细离手柄最远的部分
the top section of a fly rod,smallest in diameter and furthest from the rod grip.
Tippet 子线
渐变前导线的前端，线最细的部分，毛钩绑在子线上（可以用单独的一段跟前导连接）
the end section of a tapered leader;the smallest diameter section of a tapered leader; the fly is tied onto thetippet.
Turn Over翻转
指抛投完成过程中飞钓线和前导前行伸直的过程。
words that describe how the fly lineand leader straighten out at the completion of the cast.
[U]
Unloading the Rod竿回弹
竿从弯变直，把能量从竿子中传回到线上。

unbending the rod. Transferring thecasting energy from the rod back into the fly line.
[V]
Vest钓鱼马甲
飞钓钓手的工具背心；有无数种样式，趟水钓鱼的时候尤其重要
a fly fisher’s wearable tackle box;numerous styles available; particularly important in wading situations.
引自 nytimes.com

Vise台钳
毛钩绑制时用于夹住钩子的工具

fly-tying tool used for holding thehook while materials are attached.
[W]
Waders水裤
高沿的防水靴子；用于钓鱼的主要有两种类型；一体式和裤袜式，一体式的鞋裤连在一起，穿上后就可以下水，裤袜式需要一双单独的涉水鞋提供额外的支撑和摩擦力
high topped waterproof boots; twomain types used in fishing: boot foot and stocking foot; boot foot have bootsbuilt in, just pull on and go; stocking foot requires the use of a pair ofwading shoes and provides better support and traction.
Wading Shoes 涉水鞋
特别设计来穿在分体式水裤外面的鞋子，用皮革、尼龙或者别的合成材料制成。
shoes built specifically to be wornover stocking foot waders; can be made of leather, nylon or other syntheticmaterials.
Warm Water温水水域
保持较高温度鲑科鱼类无法生存的湖泊、鱼塘、或者缓流淡水。比较受欢迎的温水鱼种包括鲈鱼、各种小杂鱼（没有对应中文说法，指巴掌到煎锅大小几种鱼，包括各种太阳鱼、莓鲈、白鲈等）的和鲤鱼
lakes, ponds, or slow-moving bodiesof fresh water that generally maintain a temperature considered too high tosupport salmonids; popular warmwater species include bass, panfish, and carp.
Weight Forward (WF)重量前置线
一种主要重量集中在前部，相对容易抛投的线，跟双锥线那种平坦中腹不同，重量前置线前端很快变细到细直径的跑线，抛射的距离远阻力小；最通用的飞钓线。
an easy casting fly line because itcarries most of its weight in the forward section of the line; instead of alevel middle section, like a double taper, it quickly tapers down to a finediameter running line which shoots through the guides with less resistance foradded distance; the most versatile fly line.
Wet Fly
（1）湿式毛钩：任何用在水面以下钓鱼的毛钩；若虫和饰带毛钩都是湿式毛钩
（2）传统湿式毛钩：一种用柔软向后延伸的颈羽绑制的传统毛钩，有一个向后的翅膀，是若虫和饰带毛钩的前驱
(1) any fly fished below the surfaceof the water; nymphs and streamers are wet flies; 
(2) a traditional style of fly tied with soft, swept back hackle, and abackward sweeping wing; the forerunner of the nymph and streamer.
引自 donbastianwetflies.com

Wet Fly Swing湿蝇荡扫
典型的湿式毛钩飞钓方式，向流水对面斜下方抛投后让水流带动毛钩从水中扫过，用于模拟游动的蜉蝣，上浮的石蚕蛾和小鱼。
typical presentation method forfishing a wet fly, consisting of a cast down and across the stream followed byswimming the fly across the current; used to imitate swimming mayflies,emerging caddis, and small fish.
Wind Knot风结
抛投不好的时候在前导线上形成的单结，会很大的降低前导线的拉断强度

an overhand knot put in the leaderby poor casting, greatly reducing the breaking strength of the leader
[X]
XX
用于标示前导和子线直径粗细的符号，通常与数字组合使用，比如4X，计算4x或者任何X线的实际直径，用11减去这个数字，结果是就是以千分之一英寸为单位的实际直径，例如4X线的直径是千分之七英寸。
measurement used to designate diameterof leader and tippet material used in conjunction with a numeral, as in 4X; Todetermine the actual diameter of 4X or any “X” number, subtract the numeralfrom the number 11 (eleven); the result is the diameter in thousandths of aninch; for example, the diameter of 4X material is .007".
引自 cabelas.com
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