“缺乏经验”不要说someone lacks of experience
这名同学认为lack experience用法不如their lack of experience更加自然,但这种观点是不正确的。实际上someone lacks experience是一个很常见的说法,用来指“某人缺乏经验”。比如《卫报》有这样一个标题:Gen Z workers are more confident, diverse and tech-savvy but still lack experience (Z世代员工更加自信、更多元化、更精通技术,但仍缺乏经验)
Lack是一个中小学词汇,但它在写作里面非常容易用错。比如要表达“某人缺乏想法”,一些人会写成:somebody lacks of ideas,但正确说法是:somebody lacks ideas。用错的主要原因是学生容易混淆单词的动词和名词用法。
当lack作为动词时,它的用法是:somebody lacks something,比如:This painting lacks any artistic value. 此时单词不能写成somebody lacks in/of something
当单词用进行时态时,它还有一个搭配:be lacking in something。比如有这么一个朗文词典例句:We are lacking in ideas.
当单词作为名词时,它的用法是:a lack of something或者lack of something,也就是说,单词前面加不加a都可以。这是因为lack作为名词的时候是可变名词,即它可以作为单数名词或者不可数名词。
当lack作为单数名词时,搭配是a lack of something,比如:She has been suffering from a lack of sleep lately.
当lack作为不可数名词时,搭配是lack of something,比如:Her problem is lack of sleep.
除此之外,单词作为动词还有一个特殊的搭配lack for nothing,意思相当于“什么都不缺”。这是一个比较正式的用法。
比如新概念3第57课就有这样的句子:
He did not marry again and I was brought up without a woman's care; but I lacked for nothing, for he was both father and mother to me.
句子理解为:父亲没有再娶,因此,我在没有母亲的环境里长大成人。但我却什么都不缺,因为他既当父亲又当母亲。
总结一下:
lack作动词的搭配是:somebody lacks something,作名词的搭配是:(a) lack of something,此外它还有两个特殊动词用法:somebody is lacking in something, somebody lacks for nothing
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