这几年余华、莫言这两位严肃文学作家屡上热搜,成为妥妥的顶流。为什么他们会深受年轻人喜爱呢?与他们冷冽的文字形成鲜明对比,他们本人真实、幽默、可爱,最重要的是他们不以高高在上的“文化人”和“长辈”自居,愿意理解年轻人,与年轻人平等对话,不深沉,不说教,给年轻人带来很多慰藉。
看Sixth Tone的报道。(Sixth Tone是澎湃新闻团队的英文产品,面向海外读者,语言足够地道。)
建议同学先扫码阅读原文,再看公众号解析:
01
China’s Literary Giants Have Become Darlings of Online Youth Culture
中国文学巨匠成为网络青年文化的宠儿
darling 可以表示 a person who is especially liked and very popular “宠儿、红人”,外刊常用这个词来比喻受人欢迎的公司,比如《华盛顿邮报》关于中国“双减”的报道中出现过这个词:
China’s private education companies had for years been the darlings of investors from New York to Shanghai. 
多年来,不管是在纽约还是在上海,中国民办教育企业一直备受投资者青睐。
《经济学人》关于“海外科技公司裁员”的报道中也出现了这个词:
Netflix has laid off hundreds of workers. So have newer tech darlings such as Coinbase and Robinhood.
网飞解雇了数百名员工。比特币基地和罗宾汉等新兴科技公司也是如此。

Videos comparing his messy hair to people’s beloved dogs; memes of him drinking hot water — these are the ways in which celebrated author Yu Hua are frequently appearing on the trending lists of the most popular Chinese social media platforms, from microblogging platform Weibo to Instagram-like Xiaohongshu. 
有视频把他凌乱的头发比作可爱的狗狗;他喝热水的样子被做成表情包——著名作家余华就是以这种方式频繁出现在中国最热门社交媒体平台的热搜榜上,从微博到类似Instagram的小红书。
meme 牛津词典中对它的解释是:a type of behaviour that is passed from one member of a group to another, not in the genes but by another means such as people copying it “一种在人群之间传播的行为,不是通过基因,而是通过人们模仿”,通俗的讲就是在社交软件上引起传播、转发的视频、表情包、段子、梗之类的。
《经济学人》有篇文章讲了大众电车的发展,有句话将大众CEO和马斯克进行对比:
Second, he sought to out-meme Mr Musk. 
其次,他试着在玩梗上压过马斯克。
out-meme 是作者的自创词,可以理解成“比...更会玩梗”。
these are the ways in which celebrated author Yu Hua are frequently appearing on the trending lists of the most popular Chinese social media platforms
these指前面的 videos+memes,in which 是定语从句,修饰前面的ways,意思是“以这种方式”。
celebrated 是形容词,修饰 author,意思是“著名的”,相当于 famous, renowned, noted.
the trending lists 指社交媒体上的“热搜榜”。《经济学人》关于“中国秋冬季流感高峰”的报道中也出现了类似说法:
The item rapidly became one of Weibo’s hottest-trending posts: its hashtag received tens of millions of views.
这条新闻迅速成为微博上最热门的贴子之一:其话题获得了数千万的浏览量。
(item 此处是熟词僻义,指“一则、一条新闻”)
Instagram-like Xiaohongshu 意思是“类似Instagram的小红书”,Instagram-like 是类比,目的是让海外读者对“小红书”有一个更清晰、直观的了解。《经济学人》在报道综艺节目《种地吧少年》时也用了类似的说法:
Welcome to “Become a Farmer”, the hit reality-TV programme on iQiyi, a Netflix-like Chinese service.
欢迎来到《种地吧少年》,这是一档风靡一时的真人秀节目,在爱奇艺(一个类似于Netflix的中国平台)上播出。
也可以用 equivalent 替换,equivalent 可做名词,后面加 of/to,表示“相对应的事物”,文中这句话可以改成:
from microblogging platform Weibo to Xiaohongshu, China's equivalent to Instagram
此外,我们也可以用 answer / version / counterpart 等词表示,这些我们之前都讲过,传送门:

And he is not the only one. Other renowned contemporary authors such as Nobel Prize winner Mo Yan are also frequent subjects of young netizens’ online language of memes and catchphrases. 
他并非孤例。其他当代知名作家,比如诺贝尔奖得主莫言,同样频繁成为年轻网友网络表情包和流行梗的素材。
subject 这里是熟词僻义,指成为某种讨论、关注或表达的“对象”,看个例句:
Focus the camera on the subject. 
把相机的焦距调到被拍对象上。 
这里是说莫言经常成为年轻网友表情包和网络梗的主题、对象。
catchphrase 指“时髦话,流行语”,这个词由 catch 和 phrase 组成,catch 在这里表示引起注意、抓住人们的注意力,phrase 指短语,因此,catchphrase 指的是一种能够迅速引起注意并在大众中传播的短语或口号。

According to dating app Soul, Yu is the most popular author among Generation Z users, while his classic 1993 novel “To Live,” about the trials and tribulations of life, is the most popular book.
根据交友软件 Soul 的统计,余华是最受 Z 世代欢迎的作家,他在 1993 年出版的小说《活着》描绘了生活的坎坷与波折,成为是最受欢迎的书籍。
while his classic 1993 novel “To Live,” about the trials and tribulations of life, is the most popular book
这句话的主干结构是:while his classic 1993 novel “To Live” is the most popular book.
about the trials and tribulations of life 是介词形式的后置定语,修饰“To Live”,介绍了这本书的主题。
trial [ˈtraɪəl] 和 tribulation [ˌtrɪbjuˈleɪʃ(ə)n] 都有“困难、麻烦”的意思,两个词经常一起使用,trials and tribulations,表示 the difficulties and problems involved in something “困难、磨难”,另外这两个词都以“tri-”开头,押头韵,读起来有一种节奏感。
看一个《神盾局特工》里的例句:

Mo, Yu’s former classmate, is also an online celebrity in his own right. Known for his works depicting the hardships of ordinary people, memes of the “Red Sorghum” author driving a harvester while wearing sunglasses and jokes about his thick Shandong accent are popular online. 
莫言,余华的旧时同窗,也是一位颇有名气的网络名人。他的作品以描写普通人的艰难生活为特色。这位《红高粱》作者戴着墨镜、驾驶收割机,戏谑自己浓厚的山东口音的表情包在网上颇受欢迎。
Mo, Yu’s former classmate, is also an online celebrity in his own right.
这句话的主语是 Mo,莫言。
Yu’s former classmate 是 Mo 的同位语,意思是,莫言是余华以前的同学。
memes of the “Red Sorghum” author driving a harvester while wearing sunglasses and jokes about his thick Shandong accent are popular online. 
这句话的主语是 memes of... are popular online,关于...的表情包在网上很受欢迎。
再看 memes of 后面的内容:主体是 the “Red Sorghum” author 《红高粱》作者。driving a harvester while wearing sunglasses and jokes about his thick Shandong accent 是后置定语,修饰前面的 author。
02
为什么这些作家会成为中国网络文化的中流砥柱?作者进行了分析:
At the time of publication, the newspaper’s poll shows that 40% of readers believe the cause is the authors’ personal charisma, while 27% of readers say it is due to young people finding solace in their works. 
截至发稿时,该报的民意调查显示,40%的读者认为原因在于作者的个人魅力,27%的读者认为原因在于年轻人在他们的作品中找到了慰藉。
charisma [kəˈrɪzmə] 指“个人魅力、感召力”,今年牛津词典的热词 rizz 就脱胎于这个词,从 charisma 中间取了三个字母 ris,然后演变而来。charisma 和 rizz 的区别在于,charisma 比较重,rizz 较轻,比如可以用 charisma 修饰费翔,如果修饰小鲜肉,用 rizz 更恰当。

The two authors’ public speeches about life are widely circulated online, with their observations resonating with many. 
两位作者关于人生的公开讲话在网上广为流传,他们的观点引起了许多人的共鸣。
resonate with 的意思是:to remind sb of sth 或 to be similar to what sb thinks or believes “引起共鸣”,用法为 sth resonates with sb,如:
These issues resonated with the voters. 
这些问题引起了选民的共鸣。 
除了“resonate with”,我们也可以用 strike a chord with 表示“引起共鸣”,《经济学人》关于德国政治的报道中就出现过这个说法:
Alice Weidel’s laments for the decline of Germany, and broadsides against immigrants, strike a chord among voters.
爱丽丝·魏德尔对德国衰落的悲叹和对移民的猛烈抨击在选民中产生共鸣。

In July, a clip of Yu speaking at the Hong Kong Book Fair went viral, in which he encouraged people to “find happiness when facing hardship … but avoid hardships in pursuit of so-called success,” and criticized “chicken soup for the soul-style” inspirational messages. 
今年 7 月,余华在香港书展上演 讲的片段在网上疯传,他在演讲中鼓励人们“面对苦难时寻找幸福,但不要为了追求所谓的成功去经历苦难”,并批评了“心灵鸡汤式”的励志信息。
clip 指 a short part of a video 一个视频片段。
go viral 和上段 be widely circulated online 是一个意思。
余华在采访时说:
当你面对苦难的时候,其实里面是有幸福的。但是能避开就避开,不要为了追求所谓的成功去经历苦难。太多的人经历了苦难之后,依然没有成功。现在这个世界最多就是"鸡汤",但又喝不着,是假的。

“Yu won’t come out with platitudes about how young people should strive and fight,” a Weibo influencer with almost 4 million followers commented. “He understands their hardships and confusion about not getting rewarded for their efforts.”
一位拥有近 400 万粉丝的微博大V评论说:“余华不会说‘年轻人应该奋斗拼搏’的陈词滥调。他理解年轻人的艰辛,也理解他们对付出得不到回报的困惑”。
platitude 指“陈词滥调、老生常谈”,可以用 cliché [ˈkliːʃeɪ]、banality [bəˈnæləti]、commonplace 等替换。
come out 在这里的意思是表达观点或立场,即“提出、发表”,看两个例句:
He came out against the plan.
他公开表示反对这个计划。
In her speech, the senator came out in favour of a change in the law.
这位参议员在她的讲话中公开赞成修改法律。
文中 come out with... 可以理解为“提出...、表达...”。

Mo has also expressed sympathy with the younger generation, writing in a February article on WeChat that young people today still “struggle” despite having fewer worries about the basic necessities of life than older generations. 
莫言也对年轻一代表示理解,他在今年2月的一篇微信文章中写道,现在的孩子尽管衣食无忧,但他们依然有痛苦。
在这个深度内卷、阶级固化、付出与回报不成正比的时代,年轻人虽然嘴上喊着要“躺平”,迫于生活的压力也不得不拖着疲惫的身心奔波。与动辄说教和批判的长辈不同,余华和莫言愿意理解年轻人的累,这种共情是足以让年轻人泪目的心灵慰藉。
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