法律翻译｜美国《儿童在线安全法案（草案）Kids Online Safety Act》（上）

译者 | 黎琦西南政法大学硕士

一审 | 廖林风清华大学本科

二审 |骆佩贤布里斯托大学硕士

编辑 | 罗彤西北政法大学本科

王冰子烟台大学本科

责编 | 扎恩哈尔·阿黑哈提新疆农业大学本科

译者注：2022年2月16日，美国民主党参议员理查德·布鲁门撒尔及共和党参议员玛莎·布莱克本提出《儿童在线安全法案（草案）》（Kids Online Safety Act），并于2月24日提交至参议院商业、科学和运输委员会审阅。2023年05月02日，该法案被提交至参议院审议，本法案共15章，因内容较多，分两次翻译完成。第一部分为第1至7章，第二部分为第8至15章，以下为第一部分的译文。

Kids Online Safety Act

《儿童在线安全法案（草案）》

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

第1章法律简称；目录

(a) Short Title.—This Act may be cited as the “Kids Online Safety Act”.

（a）法律简称。本法案可称为“儿童在线安全法案”。

(b) Table Of Contents.—The table of contents for this Act is as follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.

Sec. 2. Definitions.

Sec. 3. Duty of care.

Sec. 4. Safeguards for minors.

Sec. 5. Disclosure.

Sec. 6. Transparency.

Sec. 7. Independent research.

Sec. 8. Market research.

Sec. 9. Age verification study and report.

Sec. 10. Guidance.

Sec. 11. Enforcement.

Sec. 12. Kids online safety council.

Sec. 13. Effective date.

Sec. 14. Rules of construction and other matters.

Sec. 15. Severability.

第1节.法律简称；目录。

第2节.定义。

第3节.注意义务。

第4节.未成年人保护措施。

第5节.披露。

第6节.透明度。

第7节.独立研究。

第8节.市场研究。

第9节.年龄验证的调查与报告。

第10节.指引。

第11节.执行法案。

第12节.儿童在线安全委员会。

第13节.生效日期。

第14节.解释规则及其他事项。

第15节.可分割性。

SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

第2章定义

In this Act:

本法案中：

(1) CHILD.—The term “child” means an individual who is under the age of 13.

（1）儿童。“儿童”是指不满13周岁的人。

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(2) COMPULSIVE USAGE.—The term “compulsive usage” means any response stimulated by external factors that causes an individual to engage in repetitive behavior reasonably likely to cause psychological distress, loss of control, anxiety, depression, or harmful stress responses.

（2）强迫性使用。“强迫性使用”是指使人陷入重复行为的外部因素刺激而产生的反应，该重复行为很可能造成精神压力、失控、焦虑、抑郁或损伤性应激反应。

(3) COVERED PLATFORM.—

（3）涵盖平台。

(A) IN GENERAL.—The term “covered platform” means a social media service, social network, online video game (including educational games), messaging application, video streaming service, or an online platform that connects to the internet and that is used, or is reasonably likely to be used, by a minor.

（A）一般规定。“涵盖平台”是指未成年人使用的或可能使用的社交媒体服务、社交网络、在线视频游戏（包括教育类游戏）、信息应用软件、视频流服务、或网络相关在线平台。

(B) EXCEPTIONS.—The term “covered platform” does not include—

（B）例外规定。“涵盖平台”不含

(i) an entity acting in its capacity as a provider of—

（i）下列以提供方身份在其职责内行事的实体

(I) a common carrier service subject to the Communications Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C. 151 et seq.) and all Acts amendatory thereof and supplementary thereto;

（I）根据《1934年通信法》及其所有修正案和补充法案提供普通载体服务；

(II) a broadband internet access service (as such term is defined for purposes of section 8.1(b) of title 47, Code of Federal Regulations, or any successor regulation);

（II）为适用《联邦法规汇编》第47篇第8.1章第（b）节或任何后继法规而定义的宽带互联网接入服务；

(III) an email service; or

（III）电子邮件服务；或

(IV) a wireless messaging service provided through the short messaging service or multimedia messaging service protocols;

（IV）通过短信服务或多媒体消息服务协议提供的无线信息服务；

(ii) an organization not organized to carry on business for its own profit or that of its members;

（ii）非为自身或其成员利益从事商业活动的组织；

(iii) any public or private preschool, elementary, or secondary school, or any institution of vocational, professional, or higher education; or

（iii）任何公立或私立幼儿园、小学或中学，或任何职业教育机构、专业教育机构或高等教育机构；或

(iv) a product or service that primarily functions as business-to-business software.

（iv）主要用于企业间的软件产品或服务。

(4) MENTAL HEALTH DISORDER.—The term “mental health disorder” has the meaning given the term “mental disorder” in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Health Disorders, 5th Edition (or the most current successor edition).

（4）精神健康紊乱。“精神健康紊乱"一词具有《精神健康紊乱诊断与统计手册》第五版或最新的后续版本中 "精神紊乱"一词的含义。

(5) MINOR.—The term “minor” means an individual who is under the age of 17.

（5）未成年人。“未成年人”是指不满17周岁的人。

(6) ONLINE PLATFORM.—The term “online platform” means any public-facing website, online service, online application, or mobile application that predominantly provides a community forum for user generated content, including sharing videos, images, games, audio files, or other content.

（6）在线平台。“在线平台”是指任何为用户创建的内容提供社区论坛的公开网站、在线服务、在线应用软件，或移动应用软件，内容包括分享视频、图像、游戏、音频文档或其他内容。

(7) PARENT.—The term “parent” includes a legal guardian or an individual with legal custody over a minor.

（7）家长。“家长”包括法定监护人或对未成年人有合法监护权的人。

(8) PERSONAL DATA.—The term “personal data” means information that identifies or is linked or reasonably linkable to a particular minor, including a consumer device identifier associated with a minor.

（8）个人数据。“个人数据”是指识别、关联或能够合理关联到特定未成年人的信息，包括与未成年人相关的消费设备识别码。

(9) PERSONALIZED RECOMMENDATION SYSTEM.—The term “personalized recommendation system” means a fully or partially automated system used to suggest, promote, or rank information based on the personal data of users.

（9）个性化推送系统。“个性化推送系统”是指基于用户个人数据对信息进行显示、推广或分级的全自动或半自动系统。

(10) SEXUAL EXPLOITATION AND ABUSE.—The term “sexual exploitation and abuse” means any of the following:

（10）性剥削与性虐待。“性剥削与性虐待”是指以下任何情形：

(A) Coercion and enticement, as described in section 2422 of title 18, United States Code.

（A）《美国法典》第18篇第2422章所述的胁迫与诱惑。

(B) Child sexual abuse material, as described in sections 2251, 2252, 2252A, and 2260 of title 18, United States Code.

（B）《美国法典》第18篇第2251、2252、2252A和2260章所述的儿童性虐待材料。

（C）《美国法典》第18篇第2251A章所述的影像制品交易。

(D) Sex trafficking of children, as described in section 1591 of title 18, United States Code.

（D）《美国法典》第18篇第1591章所述的儿童性交易。

(11) TARGETED ADVERTISING.—

（11）定向宣传。

(A) IN GENERAL.—The term “targeted advertising” means displaying an advertisement to an individual where the advertisement is selected based on personal data about the individual to predict the individual's preferences and interests.

（A）一般规定。“定向宣传”是指通过预测有关个人偏好及兴趣的个人数据，选择性的向个人展示广告。

(B) EXCLUSIONS.—Such term does not include—

（B）例外规定。该术语不含

(i) advertising or marketing directed to an individual in response to the individual's request for information or express selection of a product or service;

（i）应个人需要产品或服务的信息，或明确表示选择产品或服务时，涵盖平台所进行的宣传和营销；

(ii) contextual advertising where an advertisement is displayed to an individual based on the content in which the advertisement appears and does not vary based on who the individual is; or

（ii）情境宣传，即根据广告所在情景向个人展示广告，而非个性化推送广告；或

(iii) processing personal data solely to measure or report advertising performance, reach, or frequency.

（iii）仅为记录或报告宣传的业绩、覆盖范围或频率而处理个人数据。

SEC. 3. DUTY OF CARE.

第3章注意义务

(a) Prevention Of Harm To Minors.—A covered platform shall act in the best interests of a user that the platform knows or reasonably should know is a minor by taking reasonable measures in its design and operation of products and services to prevent and mitigate the following:

（a）未成年人伤害的预防。涵盖平台知道或应当知道用户是未成年人的，在设计并运营产品及服务时，应采取合理措施预防和减少以下情况发生，以维护未成年人的最佳利益：

(1) Consistent with evidence-informed medical information, the following mental health disorders: anxiety, depression, eating disorders, substance use disorders, and suicidal behaviors.

（1）符合循证医学信息的下列精神健康紊乱症状：焦虑、抑郁、消化不良、药物滥用及自杀行为。

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(2) Patterns of use that indicate or encourage addiction-like behaviors.

（2）暗示或鼓励类似成瘾行为的使用模式。

(3) Physical violence, online bullying, and harassment of the minor.

（3）未成年人人身暴力、网络欺凌及骚扰。

(4) Sexual exploitation and abuse.

（4）性剥削和性虐待。

(5) Promotion and marketing of narcotic drugs (as defined in section 102 of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 802)), tobacco products, gambling, or alcohol.

（5）提倡和营销《受控物质法》第102章定义的麻醉品，或烟草制品,赌博或酒精。

(6) Predatory, unfair, or deceptive marketing practices, or other financial harms.

（6）掠夺性的、不公平的或欺骗性的营销行为或其他经济伤害。

(b) Limitation.—Nothing in subsection (a) shall be construed to require a covered platform to prevent or preclude—

（b）限制规定。第（a）节不得解释为要求涵盖平台预防或禁止

(1) any minor from deliberately and independently searching for, or specifically requesting, content; or

（1）任何未成年人自由并独立搜索或明确寻求的网上信息；或

(2) the covered platform or individuals on the platform from providing resources for the prevention or mitigation of suicidal behaviors, substance use, and other harms, including evidence-informed information and clinical resources.

（2）涵盖平台或其用户提供资料，预防或减少自杀行为、药物使用或其他伤害，包括循证信息和临床资料。

SEC. 4. SAFEGUARDS FOR MINORS.

第4章未成年人保护措施

(a) Safeguards For Minors.—

（a）未成年人保护措施。

(1) SAFEGUARDS.—A covered platform shall provide an individual that the covered platform knows or reasonably should know is a minor with readily accessible and easy-to-use safeguards to, as applicable—

（1）保护措施。涵盖平台知道或应当知道用户是未成年人的，应对其提供可立即使用或易于使用且适用的保护措施

(A) limit the ability of other individuals to communicate with the minor;

（A）限制他人与未成年人进行交流；

(B) prevent other users, whether registered or not, from viewing the minor’s personal data collected by or shared on the covered platform, in particular restricting public access to personal data;

（B）防止其他注册或未注册用户浏览涵盖平台上收集或共享的未成年人个人数据，尤其限制公众访问个人数据；

(C) limit features that increase, sustain, or extend use of the covered platform by the minor, such as automatic playing of media, rewards for time spent on the platform, notifications, and other features that result in compulsive usage of the covered platform by the minor;

（C）限制未成年人增加、维持或延长使用涵盖平台的功能，如自动媒体播放、平台使用时长激励、消息及其他能引起未成年人强迫性使用平台的功能；

(D) control personalized recommendation systems, including the right to—

（D）控制个性化推送系统，包括可以

(i) opt out of such personalized recommendation systems, while still allowing the display of content based on a chronological format; or

（i）选择退出个性化推送系统，仍允许按年份顺序展示内容；或

(ii) limit types or categories of recommendations from such systems; and

（ii）限制此类系统的推送类型或类别；及

(E) restrict the sharing of the geolocation of the minor and provide notice regarding the tracking of the minor’s geolocation.

（E）严格限制共享未成年人位置并对跟踪未成人位置的行为发出警示。

(2) OPTIONS.—A covered platform shall provide an individual that the covered platform knows or reasonably should know is a minor with readily accessible and easy-to-use options to—

（2）选项。涵盖平台知道或应当知道用户是未成年人的，应提供可立即使用或易于使用的选项，以

(A) delete the minor's account and delete any personal data collected from, or shared by, the minor on the covered platform; or

（A）删除未成年人账户及涵盖平台上收集或共享的任何未成年人个人数据；或

(B) limit the amount of time spent by the minor on the covered platform.

（B）限制未成年人平台使用时长。

(3) DEFAULT SAFEGUARD SETTINGS FOR MINORS.—A covered platform shall provide that, in the case of a user that the platform knows or reasonably should know is a minor, the default setting for any safeguard described under paragraph (1) shall be the option available on the platform that provides the most protective level of control that is offered by the platform over privacy and safety for that user.

（3）默认保护措施设置。涵盖平台知道或应当知道用户是未成年人的，应规定第（1）条下所述任何保护措施的默认设置为可选项，该设置是平台为用户隐私和安全提供的最高等级保护。

(b) Parental Tools.—

（b）家长工具。

(1) TOOLS.—A covered platform shall provide readily accessible and easy-to-use settings for parents to support an individual that the platform knows or reasonably should know is a minor with respect to the individual's use of the platform.

（1）工具。涵盖平台知道或应当知道用户是未成年人的，应为家长提供可立即使用且易于使用的设置，以支持个人使用平台。

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(2) REQUIREMENTS.—The parental tools provided by a covered platform shall include—

（2）要求。涵盖平台提供的家长工具应包括

(A) the ability to manage a minor’s privacy and account settings, including the safeguards and options established under subsection (a), in a manner that allows parents to—

（A）监管未成年人隐私和账户设置的权限，包括第（a）节下创建的保护措施和选项，允许家长

(i) view the privacy and account settings; and

（i）查看隐私和账户设置；及

(ii) in the case of a user that the platform knows or reasonably should know is a child, change and control the privacy and account settings;

（ii）在平台知道或应当知道用户是未成年人时，更改并控制隐私及账户设置；

(B) the ability to restrict purchases and financial transactions by the minor, where applicable; and

（B）具备限制未成年人消费和金融交易的可适用权限；及

（C）查看平台上总的使用时长指标的权限。

(3) NOTICE TO MINORS.—A covered platform shall provide clear and conspicuous notice to an individual that the platform knows or reasonably should know is a minor when tools described in this subsection are in effect and what settings or controls have been applied.

（3）未成年人须知。涵盖平台知道或应当知道用户是未成年人的，应在本节所述工具生效时，向用户提供清晰明显的须知及适用的设置或控制选项。

(4) DEFAULT TOOLS.—A covered platform shall provide that, in the case of a user that the platform knows or reasonably should know is a child, the tools described in this subsection shall be enabled by default.

（4）默认工具。涵盖平台知道或应当知道用户是未成年人的，应将本节所述的工具设置为默认工具。

（c）报告机制。

(1) REPORTS SUBMITTED BY PARENTS, MINORS, AND SCHOOLS.—A covered platform shall provide—

（1）家长、未成年人及学校提交报告。涵盖平台应提供

(A) a readily accessible and easy-to-use means to submit reports to the covered platform of harms to minors;

（A）可立即使用且易于使用的方式向平台提交有关未成年人伤害报告；

(B) an electronic point of contact specific to matters involving harms to a minor; and

（B）专门涉及未成年人伤害问题的电子联络点；及

（C）确认接收此类报告，并提供跟进已提交报告的方式。

(2) TIMING.—A covered platform shall establish an internal process to receive and substantively respond to reports in a reasonable and timely manner, but in no case later than—

（2）时限。涵盖平台应创建内部流程，合理、及时接收报告并实际反馈，任何情况下

(A) 7 days after the receipt of a report, if, for the most recent calendar year, the platform averaged more than 10,000,000 active users on a monthly basis in the United States;

（A）如最近一年内，平台的美国境内月平均活跃用户数超过1000万，则不得晚于报告接收之日起7日；

(B) 21 days after the receipt of a report, if, for the most recent calendar year, the platform averaged less than 10,000,000 active users on a monthly basis in the United States; and

（B）如最近一年内，平台的美国境内月平均活跃用户数不足1000万，则不得晚于报告接收之日起21日；及

(C) notwithstanding subparagraphs (A) and (B), if the report involves an imminent threat to the safety of a minor, as promptly as needed to address the reported threat to safety.

（C）尽管有第（A）和（B）款的规定，如报告提及未成年人安全受到迫在眉睫的威胁，则应立即对报告所述威胁进行处理。

(d) Advertising Of Illegal Products.—A covered platform shall not facilitate the advertising of narcotic drugs (as defined in section 102 of the Controlled Substanc es Act (21 U.S.C. 802)), tobacco products, gambling, or alcohol to an individual that the covered platform knows or reasonably should know is a minor.

(d) 宣传非法产品。涵盖平台知道或应当知道用户是未成年人的，不得推动对《受控物质法》第102章所定义的麻醉品，或烟草制品、赌博或酒精的宣传。

(e) Application.—

（e）适用

(1) ACCESSIBILITY.—With respect to safeguards and parental controls described under subsections (a) and (b), a covered platform shall provide—

（1）易使用性。就第（a）和（b）节下所述的保护措施及家长工具而言，涵盖平台应

(A) information and control options in a clear and conspicuous manner that takes into consideration the differing ages, capacities, and developmental needs of the minors most likely to access the covered platform and does not encourage minors or parents to weaken or disable safeguards or parental controls;

（A）以清晰明显的方式提供信息及控制选项，就最易访问涵盖平台的未成年人而言，须考虑其年龄层次、行为能力及发展需求，且不鼓励未成年人或家长减少或关闭保护措施或家长工具；

(B) readily accessible and easy-to-use controls to enable or disable safeguards or parental controls, as appropriate; and

（B）提供可立即使用且易于使用的控制选项，开启或关闭适用的保护措施或家长控制选项；及

(C) information and control options in the same language, form, and manner as the covered platform provides the product or service used by minors and their parents.

（C）提供信息和控制选项，并确保与提供给未成年人及其家长使用的产品和服务具有相同的语言、形式和方式。

(2) DARK PATTERNS PROHIBITION.—It shall be unlawful for any covered platform to design, modify, or manipulate a user interface of a covered platform with the purpose or substantial effect of subverting or impairing user autonomy, decision-making, or choice in order to weaken or disable safeguards or parental controls required under this section.

（2）禁止黑暗模式。任何涵盖平台以剥夺或损害用户自主权、决策权或选择权为目的或造成此类实质性影响，而设计、修改或篡改涵盖平台用户界面，减少或关闭本章下所必需的保护措施或家长控制选项的，均属非法行为。

(3) RULES OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in this section shall be construed to—

（3）解释规则。本章不得解释为

(A) prevent a covered platform from taking reasonable measures to—

（A）阻止涵盖平台采取合理措施

(i) block, detect, or prevent the distribution of unlawful, obscene, or other harmful material to minors as described in section 3(a); or

（i）拦截、识别或阻止向未成年人发布第3章第（a）节所述的非法、淫秽或其他有害信息；或

(ii) block or filter spam, prevent criminal activity, or protect the security of a platform or service; or

（ii）拦截或过滤垃圾邮件，阻止犯罪活动，或维护平台安全或服务；或

(B) require the disclosure of a minor's browsing behavior, search history, messages, contact list, or other content or metadata of their communications.

（B）要求披露未成年人的浏览行为、搜索记录、信息、通讯录或其他内容或通信元数据。

SEC. 5. DISCLOSURE.

第5章披露

(a) Notice.—

（a）须知

(1) REGISTRATION.—Prior to registration or purchase of a covered platform by an individual that the platform knows or reasonably should know is a minor, the platform shall provide clear, conspicuous, and easy-to-understand—

（1）注册。覆涵平台知道或应当知道用户是未成年人的，应于用户注册或消费前，提供内容清晰、醒目且易于理解的

(A) notice of the policies and practices of the covered platform with respect to personal data and safeguards for minors;

（A）有关未成年人个人数据和保护措施的政策和惯例须知。

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(B) information about how to access the safeguards and parental tools required under section 4; and

（B）有关第4章下规定的保护措施和家长工具的访问流程信息；及

(C) notice about whether the covered platform, including any personalized recommendation systems used by the platform, pose any heightened risks of harms to minors.

（C）有关涵盖平台是否对未成年人加重伤害风险的须知，包括平台使用的任何个性化推送系统。

(2) PARENTAL NOTIFICATION.—

（2）家长须知

(A) NOTICE AND ACKNOWLEDGMENT.—In the case of an individual that a covered platform knows or reasonably should know is a child, the platform shall additionally provide information about the parental tools and safeguards required under section 4 to a parent of the child and obtain express affirmative acknowledgment from the parent prior to the initial use of the covered platform by the child.

（A）须知和确认。涵盖平台知道或应当知道用户是未成年人的，应向用户家长另行提供第4章规定的家长工具和保护措施信息。用户在获家长明确确认后，方可首次使用平台。

(B) REASONABLE EFFORT.—A covered platform shall be deemed to have satisfied the requirement described in subparagraph (A) if the covered platform has undertaken a reasonable effort (taking into consideration available technology) to ensure a parent receives the information described in such subparagraph and to obtain a parent's express affirmative acknowledgment.

（B）合理努力。涵盖平台在现有技术下已尽到合理努力，确保家长收到该款下所述信息并取得家长明确确认的，应视为涵盖平台已满足第（A)款所述的要求。

(3) CONSOLIDATED NOTICES.—A covered platform may consolidate the process for providing information and (if applicable) obtaining parental acknowledgment as required under this subsection with its obligations to obtain consent for data privacy practices, provided the content of the notice meets the requirements of this subsection.

（3）合并须知。如须知内容符合本节要求，则涵盖平台有权将提供信息和适用条件下取得本节规定的家长确认程序，及获准数据隐私惯例义务进行合并。

(4) RULEMAKING.—The Federal Trade Commission may issue rules pursuant to section 553 of title 5, United States Code, to establish templates or models of short-form notices that include the minimum level of information and labels necessary for the disclosures required under paragraph (1).

（4）制定规则。联邦贸易委员会有权根据《美国法典》第5篇第553章发布规则，创建简短须知模版或模式，包括基本信息量及第（1）条规定披露所必要的标签。

(b) Personalized Recommendation System.—A covered platform that operates personalized recommendation systems shall set out in its terms and conditions, in a clear, conspicuous, and easy-to-understand manner—

（b）个性化推送系统。涵盖平台运行个性化推送系统的，应在其条款及条件中以内容清晰、醒目且易于理解的方式

(1) an overview of how those personalized recommendation systems are used by the covered platform to provide information to users of the platform who are minors, including how such systems use the personal data of minors; and

（1）概述涵盖平台使用该系统向未成年人用户提供信息的原理，包括如何使用未成年人个人数据；及

(2) information about options for minors or their parents to control personalized recommendation systems (including by opting out of such systems).

（2）说明未成年人或其家长控制个性化推送系统的选项信息，包括选择退出此类系统。

（c）宣传和营销信息及标签

(1) INFORMATION AND LABELS.—A covered platform that facilitates advertising aimed at users that the platform knows or reasonably should know are minors shall provide clear, conspicuous, and easy-to-understand information and labels to minors on advertisements regarding—

（1）信息及标签。涵盖平台在营销时，知道或应当知道用户是未成年人的，应以内容清晰、醒目且易于理解的方式向该用户提供下列广告信息及标签

(A) the name of the product, service, or brand and the subject matter of an advertisement;

（A）产品名称、服务或品牌及广告主题；

(B) why the minor is being targeted for a particular advertisement if the covered platform engages in targeted advertising, including material information about how the minor's personal data was used to target the advertisement; and

（B）涵盖平台把未成年人视为定向营销对象的原因，包括未成年人个人数据如何应用于广告等重要信息；及

(C) whether particular media displayed to the minor is an advertisement or marketing material, including disclosure of endorsements of products, services, or brands made for commercial consideration by other users of the platform.

（C）向未成年人展示的特定媒体是否为广告或营销材料，包括平台其他用户出于商业考虑而披露其对产品、服务或品牌所做代言。

(2) RULEMAKING.—The Federal Trade Commission may issue rules pursuant to section 553 of title 5, United States Code, to establish templates or models of short-form notices that include the minimum level of information and labels necessary for the disclosures required under paragraph (1).

（2）制定规则。联邦贸易委员会有权根据《美国法典》第5篇第553章发布规则，创建简短须知模版或模式，包括基本信息量及第（1）条规定披露所必要的标签。

(d) Resources For Parents And Minors.—A covered platform shall provide to minors and parents clear, conspicuous, easy-to-understand, and comprehensive information in a prominent location regarding—

（d）家长和未成年人资源。涵盖平台应向未成年人及其家长推送以下相关信息，内容清晰、醒目、易于理解且广泛，并置于平台突出位置。

(1) its policies and practices with respect to personal data and safeguards for minors; and

（1）未成年人个人数据和保护措施的政策及惯例；及

(2) how to access the safeguards and tools required under section 4.

（2）第4条规定的保护措施及工具的访问流程。

(e) Resources In Additional Languages.—A covered platform shall ensure, to the extent practicable, that the disclosures required by this section are made available in the same language, form, and manner as the covered platform provides any product or service used by minors and their parents.

（e）其他语言资源。涵盖平台应在切实可行的范围内，提供本章所要求披露的信息，并确保与提供给未成年人及其家长使用的任何产品或服务具有相同的语言、形式和方式。

SEC. 6. TRANSPARENCY.

第6章透明度

(a) In General.—Subject to subsection (b), not less frequently than once a year, a covered platform shall issue a public report identifying the reasonably foreseeable risk of material harms to minors and describing the prevention and mitigation measures taken to address such risk based on an independent, third-party audit conducted through reasonable inspection of the covered platform.

（a）一般规定。根据第（b）节规定，涵盖平台应每年至少发布一次公开报告，通过对涵盖平台进行合理检查而开展的独立第三方审计，确认可合理预见的对未成年人的实际伤害风险，并详述应对此类风险所采取的预防和缓解措施。

(b) Scope Of Application.—The requirements of this section shall apply to a covered platform if—

（b）适用范围。符合下列条件的，本章规定适用于涵盖平台

(1) for the most recent calendar year, the platform averaged more than 10,000,000 active users on a monthly basis in the United States; and

（1）最近一年内，平台的美国境内月平均活跃用户数超过1000万；且

(2) the platform predominantly provides a community forum for user-generated content and discussion, including sharing videos, images, games, audio files, discussion in a virtual setting, or other content, such as acting as a social media platform, virtual reality environment, or a social network service.

（2）平台主要为用户创建的内容和讨论提供社区论坛，包括分享视频、图像、游戏、音频文档、虚拟设置下的讨论或其他内容，如充当社交媒体平台、虚拟现实环境或社交网络服务。

（图片来源于网络）

（c）内容。

(1) TRANSPARENCY.—The public reports required of a covered platform under this section shall include—

（1）透明度。本章下涵盖平台须发布的公共报告包括

(A) an assessment of the extent to which the platform is likely to be accessed by minors;

（A）评估未成年人访问平台的权限；

(B) a description of the commercial interests of the covered platform in use by minors;

（B）详述未成年人使用涵盖平台产生的商业利益；

（C）基于涵盖平台掌握的数据，涉及下列事项的账目

(i) the number of individuals using the covered platform reasonably believed to be minors in the United States, disaggregated by the age ranges of 0–5, 6–9, 10–12, and 13–16; and

（i）涵盖平台的用户数，有合理理由相信为美国境内未成年人的，年龄区间为0-5岁、6-9岁、10-12岁和13-16岁；及

(ii) the median and mean amounts of time spent on the platform by minors in the United States who have accessed the platform during the reporting year on a daily, weekly, and monthly basis, disaggregated by the age ranges of 0–5, 6–9, 10–12, and 13–16;

（ii）美国境内未成年人平台使用时长的中位数和平均值，以每日、每周和每月已登陆平台计，年龄区间为0-5岁、6-9岁、10-12岁和13-16岁；

(D) an accounting of total reports received regarding, and the prevalence (which can be based on scientifically valid sampling methods using the content available to the covered platform in the normal course of business) of content related to, the harms described in section 3(a), disaggregated by category of harm; and

（D）按伤害类型分类，说明收到的有关第3章第(a)节所述危害的报告总数，及与第3章第(a)节所述危害相关内容的普遍程度，以科学有效的抽样方法为依据，使用正常业务过程中涵盖平台可获得的内容；及

(E) a description of any material breaches of parental tools or assurances regarding minors, representations regarding the use of the personal data of minors, and other matters regarding non-compliance.

（E）详述实质性的违规行为，包括违背家长工具、未成年人相关保证，未成年人个人数据使用相关的陈述及其他违规事项。

(2) SYSTEMIC RISKS ASSESSMENT.—The public reports required of a covered platform under this section shall include—

（2）系统风险评估。本章下涵盖平台须发布的公共报告包括

(A) an assessment of the reasonably foreseeable risk of harms to minors posed by the covered platform, including identifying any other physical, mental, developmental, or financial harms in addition to those described in section 3(a);

（A）评估涵盖平台施加的可合理预见的未成年人伤害风险，包括识别除第3章第（a）节外的其他任何身体的、精神的、成长的或经济的伤害；

(B) an assessment of how recommendation systems and targeted advertising systems can contribute to harms to minors;

（B）评估推送系统和定向宣传系统如何对未成年人造成伤害；

(C) a description of whether and how the covered platform uses system design features that increase, sustain, or extend use of a product or service by a minor, such as automatic playing of media, rewards for time spent, and notifications;

（C）详述涵盖平台是否及如何使用系统设计功能，增加、维持或延长未成年人对产品或服务的使用，如自动媒体播放、时长激励及消息；

(D) a description of whether, how, and for what purpose the platform collects or processes categories of personal data that may cause reasonably foreseeable risk of harms to minors;

（D）详述平台收集或处理个人数据类别的目的，是否及如何对未成年人造成可合理预见的伤害风险；

(E) an evaluation of the efficacy of safeguards for minors under section 4, and any issues in delivering such safeguards and the associated parental tools; and

（E）评估第4章下对未成年人采取保护措施的效力，及实施此类保护措施和相关家长工具的问题；

(F) an evaluation of any other relevant matters of public concern over risk of harms to minors.

（F）评估其他任何公众关心的对未成年人伤害风险相关的事项。

(3) MITIGATION.—The public reports required of a covered platform under this section shall include—

（3）缓解措施。本章下涵盖平台须发布的公共报告包括

(A) a description of the safeguards and parental tools available to minors and parents on the covered platform;

（A）涵盖平台上未成年人和家长可用的保护措施和家长工具；

(B) a description of interventions by the covered platform when it had or has reason to believe that harms to minors could occur;

（B）涵盖平台相信或有理由相信即将发生未成年人伤害事件，与之相应的干预措施；

（图片来源于网络）

(C) a description of the prevention and mitigation measures intended to be taken in response to the known and emerging risks identified in its assessment of system risks, including steps taken to—

（C）涵盖平台准备采取的预防和缓解措施，应对系统风险评估识别的已知和突发风险，包括

(i) prevent harms to minors, including adapting or removing system design features or addressing through parental controls;

（i）采取措施阻止对未成年人的伤害，包括调整或删除系统设计功能或通过家长工具解决；

(ii) provide the most protective level of control over privacy and safety by default; and

（ii）利用默认设置为隐私及安全提供最高等级保护；及

(iii) adapt recommendation systems to prioritize the best interests of users who are minors, as described in section 3(a);

（iii）根据第3章第（a）节所述，调整推送系统，优先考虑未成年人用户的最佳利益；

(D) a description of internal processes for handling reports and automated detection mechanisms for harms to minors, including the rate, timeliness, and effectiveness of responses under the requirement of section 4(c);

（D）报告处理的内部流程和未成年人伤害的自动检测机制，包括第4章第（c）节所下处理的速度、及时性和有效性；

(E) the status of implementing prevention and mitigation measures identified in prior assessments; and

（E）前期评估中预防和缓解措施的执行情况；及

(F) a description of the additional measures to be taken by the covered platform to address the circumvention of safeguards for minors and parental tools.

（F）涵盖平台采取其他措施应对未成年人保护措施及家长工具的规避行为。

(d) Reasonable Inspection.—In conducting an inspection of the systemic risks of harm to minors under this section, an independent, third-party auditor shall—

（d）合理审查。本章下对伤害未成年人的系统风险进行审查时，独立第三方审计人员应

(1) take into consideration the function of recommendation systems;

（1）考虑推送系统的功能；

(2) consult parents and youth experts, including youth and families with relevant past or current experience, public health and mental health nonprofit organizations, health and development organizations, and civil society with respect to the prevention of harms to minors;

（2）咨询家长及年轻专家，包括有过往或现实经验的年轻人及亲友、公共卫生和精神卫生非营利组织、卫生和发展组织及预防未成年人伤害的相关民间团体；

(3) conduct research based on experiences of minors that use the covered platform, including reports under section 4(c) and information provided by law enforcement;

（3）以未成年人使用涵盖平台的经历和第4章第（c）节规定的报告及执法部门提供的信息为依据开展研究；

(4) take account of research, including research regarding system design features, marketing, or product integrity, industry best practices, or outside research; and

（4）考虑研究范畴，包括系统设计功能、营销或产品的正当性、行业最佳实践或外部研究；及

(5) consider indicia or inferences of age of users, in addition to any self-declared information about the age of individuals.

（5）除任何用户自报的年龄信息外，还应考虑标记或推断的年龄。

(e) Cooperation With Independent, Third-Party Audit.—To facilitate the report required by subsection (c), a covered platform shall—

（e）与独立第三方审计合作。为便于提交第（c）节规定的报告，涵盖平台应

(1) provide or otherwise make available to the independent third-party conducting the audit all information and material in its possession, custody, or control that is relevant to the audit;

（1）提供或另使独立第三方在审计中获得涵盖平台掌握、监管或控制的与审计相关的所有信息和资料；

(2) provide or otherwise make available to the independent third-party conducting the audit access to all network, systems, and assets relevant to the audit; and

（2）提供或另使独立第三方在审计中能访问所有网络、系统及使用与审计相关的资产；及

(3) disclose all relevant facts to the independent third-party conducting the audit, and not misrepresent in any manner, expressly or by implication, any relevant fact.

（3）向独立第三方披露所有相关事实，且不得以任何明示或暗示的方式对任何相关事实做虚假陈述。

(f) Privacy Safeguards.—

（f）隐私保护措施

(1) In issuing the public reports required under this section, a covered platform shall take steps to safeguard the privacy of its users, including ensuring that data is presented in a de-identified, aggregated format such that it is reasonably impossible for the data to be linked back to any individual user.

（1）涵盖平台在发布本章规定的公开报告时，应采取措施保护用户隐私，确保以去识别化的汇总格式提交数据，且不会关联到任何个人用户。

(2) This section shall not be construed to require the disclosure of information that will lead to material vulnerabilities for the privacy of users or the security of a covered platform's service or create a significant risk of the violation of Federal or State law.

（2）本章不得解释为要求信息披露，否则将导致用户隐私或平台服务的安全性出现重大漏洞，或引起违反联邦法或州法的重大风险。

(g) Location.—The public reports required under this section should be posted by a covered platform on an easy to find location on a publicly available website.

（g）发布位置。涵盖平台应在公开网站的突出位置发布本章规定的公开报告。

SEC. 7. INDEPENDENT RESEARCH.

第7章独立研究

(a) Definitions.—In this section:

（a）定义。本章中：

(1) ASSISTANT SECRETARY.—The term “Assistant Secretary” means the Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Communications and Information.

（1）助理部长。“助理部长”是指商务部负责通信和信息的助理部长。

(2) DE-IDENTIFIED DATA.—The term “de-identified data” means information—

（2）去识别化数据。“去识别化数据”是指

(A) that does not identify and is not linked or reasonably linkable to an individual or an individual’s device; and

（A）不识别且不关联或不可合理关联个人或个人设备的信息；及

(B) with respect to which a covered platform or researcher takes reasonable technical and contractual measures to ensure that the information is not used to re-identify any individual or individual’s device.

（B）涵盖平台或研究人员采取合理技术和约定措施，确保相关信息不用于重新识别任何个人或个人设备。

（图片来源于网络）

(3) ELIGIBLE RESEARCHER.—

（3）适格研究人员

(A) IN GENERAL.—The term “eligible researcher” means an individual or group of individuals affiliated with or employed by—

（A）一般规定。“适格研究人员”是指个人或个人团体附属于或受雇于

(i) an institution of higher education (as defined in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001)); or

(i) 《1965年高等教育法》第101章定义的高等教育机构；或

(ii) a nonprofit organization described in section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.

(ii) 《1986年国内税收法》第501章第（c）节第（3）条所述的非营利组织。

(B) LIMITATION.—Such term shall not include an individual or group of individuals that is—

（B）限制规定。该条不含下列个人或个人团体

(i) not located in the United States; or

（i）位于美国境外的；或

(ii) affiliated with the government of a foreign adversary (as defined in section 8(c)(2) of the Secure and Trusted Communications Networks Act of 2019 (47 U.S.C. 1607(c)(2))).

（ii）附属于《2019年安全与可信通信网络法》第8章第（c）节第（2）条定义的外国敌对政府。

(4) INDEPENDENT RESEARCH.—The term “independent research” means the scientific or historical analysis of information that is performed for the primary purpose of advancing understanding, knowledge, and remedies regarding the harms to minors described in section 3(a).

（4）独立研究。“独立研究”是指信息的科学或历史分析，主要目的是促进对第3章第（a）节所述未成年人伤害的理解、认知和救济。

(5) NONCOMMERCIAL PURPOSE.—The term “noncommercial purpose” means a purpose that does not involve any direct or indirect use of data sets for the sale, resale, solicitation, rental, or lease of a service, or any use by which the user expects a profit, including the sale to the general public of a publication containing independent research.

（5）非商业目的。“非商业目的”是指不以出售、转售、招揽、出租或租约服务，或用户期望获得的其他用途为目的，任何直接或间接的使用数据集，包括向一般公众出售含独立研究在内的出版物。

(6) PROGRAM.—The term “Program” means the program established under subsection (b)(1).

（6）计划。“计划”是指第（b）节第（1）条下创建的计划。

(7) QUALIFIED RESEARCHER.—The term “qualified researcher” means an eligible researcher who is approved by the Assistant Secretary to conduct independent research regarding harms to minors under the Program.

（7）合格研究人员。“合格研究人员”是指经助理部长批准，按照计划对未成年人伤害进行独立研究的适格研究人员。

(b) Independent Research Program Relating To Identified Harms To Minors.—

（b）与已确定未成年人伤害相关的独立研究计划

(1) ESTABLISHMENT.—Subject to paragraph (2), the Assistant Secretary shall establish a program, with public notice and an opportunity to comment, under which an eligible researcher may apply for, and a covered platform shall provide, access to data sets from the covered platform for the sole purpose of conducting independent research regarding the harms described in section 3(a).

（1）创建。根据第（2）条规定，助理部长应创建一项附带公开须知和评论机会的计划。据此，如适格研究人员仅为开展与第3章第（a）节所述的伤害相关的独立研究的，则可申请且涵盖平台应提供访问平台数据集的权限。

(2) SCOPE OF APPLICATION.—The requirements of this subsection shall apply to a covered platform if—

（2）适用范围。符合下列条件的，本节的要求适用于涵盖平台

(A) for the most recent calendar year, the platform averaged more than 10,000,000 active users on a monthly basis in the United States; and

（A）最近的一年内，平台的美国境内月平均活跃用户数超过1000万；且

(B) the platform predominantly provides a community forum for user generated content and discussion, including sharing videos, images, games, audio files, discussion in a virtual setting, or other content, such as acting as a social media platform, virtual reality environment, or social network service.

（B）平台主要为用户创建的内容和讨论提供社区论坛，包括分享视频、图像、游戏、音频文档、虚拟设置下的讨论或其他内容，如充当社交媒体平台、虚拟现实环境或社交网络服务。

(3) PROCESSES, PROCEDURES, AND STANDARDS.—Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Assistant Secretary shall establish for the program established under this subsection—

（3）流程、步骤和标准。助理部长应在本法案通过之日起一年内，为本节下创建的计划确立

(A) definitions for data sets (related to harms described in section 3(a)) that qualify for disclosure to researchers under the program and standards of access for data sets to be provided under the program;

（A）与第3章第（a）节所述伤害相关的数据集含义，该数据集符合计划下向研究人员披露的条件及计划下所提供的数据集标准；

(B) a process by which an eligible researcher may submit an application described in paragraph (1);

（B）适格研究人员提交第（1）条下所述申请的流程；

(C) an appeals process for eligible researchers to appeal adverse decisions on applications described in paragraph (1) (including a decision to grant an appeal under paragraph (4)(C));

（C）适格研究人员对第（1）条下所述申请的驳回决定和第（4）条第（C）款下批准申诉的决定提出申诉的流程；

(D) procedures for implementation of the program, including methods for—

（D）计划实施步骤，包括

(i) participation by covered platforms;

（i）涵盖平台参与的方法；

(ii) evaluation of researcher proposals for alignment with program objectives and scoping; and

（ii）评估研究人员的提议是否与计划的目标和范围一致；及

(iii) verification by the Assistant Secretary of the credentials of eligible researchers and processes for the application or disqualification to participate in the program;

（iii）助理部长对适格研究人员资格证书的核查方法，及参与该计划申请或不符合参与资格的处理方法；

(E) standards for privacy, security, and confidentiality required to participate in the program, including rules to ensure that the privacy and safety of users is not infringed by the program;

（E）参与计划所必需的隐私、安全和保密标准，包括出台规则，确保用户隐私和安全不受该计划侵犯；

(F) a mechanism to allow individuals to control the use of their personal data under the program, including the ability to opt out of the program;

（F）允许个人根据计划控制其个人数据使用的机制，包括选择退出计划的能力；

(G) standards for transparency regarding the operation and administration of the program; and

（G）有关计划运行和管理的透明度标准；及

(H) rules to prevent requests for data sets that present financial conflicts of interest, including efforts by covered platforms to gain a competitive advantage by directly funding data access requests, the use of qualified researcher status for commercial gain, or efforts by covered platforms to obtain access to intellectual property that is otherwise protected by law.

（H）规则以阻止会引起财务利益冲突的数据集的访问要求，包括涵盖平台直接资助数据访问要求，利用合格研究人员身份获取商业利益，或努力获取法律另外保护的知识产权的访问权利，以争取竞争优势。

(4) DUTIES AND RIGHTS OF COVERED PLATFORMS.—

（4）涵盖平台的权利和义务

(A) ACCESS TO DATA SETS.—

（A）访问数据集

(i) IN GENERAL.—If the Assistant Secretary approves an application under paragraph (1) with respect to a covered platform, the covered platform shall, in a timely manner, provide the qualified researcher with access to data sets necessary to conduct independent research described in that paragraph.

（i）一般规定。如果助理部长批准第（1）条下与涵盖平台有关的申请，涵盖平台应及时向合格研究人员提供根据该条规定进行独立研究所需数据集的访问权限。

(ii) LIMITATIONS.—Nothing in this section shall be construed to require a covered platform to provide access to data sets that are intellectual property protected by Federal law, trade secrets, or commercial or financial information.

（ii）限制规定。本章不得解释为要求涵盖平台提供受联邦法律保护的知识产权、商业秘密、或贸易或金融信息的数据集的访问权限。

(iii) FORM OF ACCESS.—A covered platform shall provide to a qualified researcher access to data sets under clause (i) through online databases, application programming interfaces, and data files as appropriate.

（iii）访问形式。涵盖平台应通过在线数据库、应用程序界面及相应的数据文档为合格研究人员提供第（i）项下数据集的访问权限。

（图片来源于网络）

(B) NONDISCLOSURE AGREEMENT.—A covered platform may require, as a condition of access to the data sets of the covered platform, that a qualified researcher enter into a nondisclosure agreement restricting the release of data sets, provided that—

（B）保密协议。作为访问涵盖平台数据集的条件之一，为防止数据集泄露，涵盖平台有权要求合格研究人员签署保密协议，条件如下

(i) the agreement does not restrict the publication or discussion regarding the qualified researcher’s findings; and

（i）该协议不限制合格研究人员公布或讨论调查结果；且

(ii) the terms of the agreement allow the qualified researcher to provide the original agreement or a copy of the agreement to the Assistant Secretary.

（ii）该协议条款允许合格研究人员向助理部长提供协议的原本或副本。

（C）申诉

(i) AGENCY APPEAL.—A covered platform may appeal the granting of an application under paragraph (1) on the grounds that, and the Assistant Secretary shall grant such appeal if—

（i）机构申诉。就以下情况，涵盖平台可在第（1）条下对批准申请提出申诉，且助理部长应批准此类申诉

(I) the covered platform does not have access to the requested data sets or the requested data sets are not reasonably tailored to application; or

（I）涵盖平台无所需数据集的访问权限，或所需数据集与申请不完全相符；或

(II) providing access to the data sets will lead to material vulnerabilities for the privacy of users or the security of the covered platform’s service or create a significant risk of the violation of Federal or state law.

（II）提供数据集的访问权限将导致用户隐私或平台服务的安全性出现重大漏洞，或引起违反联邦法或州法的重大风险。

(ii) JUDICIAL REVIEW.—A decision of the Assistant Secretary with respect to an appeal under clause (i) shall be considered to be a final agency action for purposes of judicial review under chapter 7 of title 5, United States Code.

(ii) 司法审查。助理部长对第（i）项下的申诉作出的决定应视为在《美国法典》第5篇第7章下进行司法审查的最终机构行动。

(iii) ALTERNATIVE MEANS OF FULFILLMENT.—As part of an appeal under clause (i) that is made on the basis of subclause (II) of such clause, a covered platform shall propose one or more alternative data sets or means of accessing the requested data sets that are appropriate and sufficient to fulfill the purpose of the application, or shall explain why there are no alternative data sets or means of access which acceptably mitigate the applicable privacy, security, or legal concerns.

（iii）替代履行方式。作为第（i）项下根据该项第（II）目提出的申诉之一，涵盖平台应提交至少一个替代的数据集或访问所需数据集的方式，适当且有效的实现申请目的，或应解释无替代的数据集或访问方式的原因，以可接受的方式减少可适用的隐私、安全或法律问题。

(D) TIMING.—A covered platform for which this provision applies shall participate in the program established under this subsection no later than two years after enactment of this Act.

（D）时限。涵盖平台适用本规定的，应在本法案通过之日起两年内加入本节下创建的计划。

(5) APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS.—In order to be approved to access data sets from a covered platform, an eligible researcher shall, in the application submitted under paragraph (1)—

（5）适用要求。适格研究人员在第（1）条下提交的申请中应包括如下内容，以获得涵盖平台数据集的访问权限：

(A) explain the purpose for which the independent research is undertaken;

（A）解释独立研究的目的；

(B) commit to conduct the research for noncommercial purposes;

（B）承诺所开展的研究不存在商业目的；

（C）展示一份有关具备拟议研究主题和相关研究方法论的专业证明记录；

(D) if the eligible researcher is seeking access to data sets that include personal data, explain why the data sets are requested, and the means through which such data sets shall be accessed are the least sensitive and the most privacy-protective means that will permit completion of the research and not compromise the privacy or safety of users; and

（D）适格研究人员试图访问包含个人数据的数据集的，应解释申请该数据集的原因并采用敏感程度最低且隐私保护力度最佳的方式访问数据集，即完成研究又不损害用户的隐私或安全；及

(E) commit to fulfill, and demonstrate a capacity to fulfill, the specific data security and confidentiality requirements corresponding to the application.

（E）承诺履行符合申请书的具体数据安全及保密规定，并提供具备相应能力的证明。

(6) PRIVACY AND DUTY OF CONFIDENTIALITY.—

（6）隐私和保密义务

(A) RESEARCHER CONFIDENTIALITY.—To protect user privacy, a qualified researcher shall keep data sets provided by a covered platform under the program confidential and secure to the specifications set forth under the program rules and the approved application.

（A）研究人员保密。为保护用户隐私，合格研究人员应按照计划下的规则和经批准的应用程序规定的规格，确保涵盖平台所提供数据集的秘密性和可靠性。

(B) PLATFORM CONFIDENTIALITY.—A covered platform shall use reasonable measures to enable researcher access to data sets under the program in a secure and privacy-protective manner, including through the de-identification of personal data or use of other privacy-enhancing technologies.

（B）平台保密。涵盖平台应采取合理措施，确保研究人员以安全和隐私保护的方式访问计划下的数据集，包括通过个人数据的去识别化或使用其他隐私增强技术。

（C）联邦机构。本节不得解释为授权

(i) a Federal agency to seek access to the data of a covered platform through the program; or

（i）联邦机构设法通过计划访问涵盖平台的数据；或

(ii) a qualified researcher to transfer or share any data sets provided by a covered platform under the program with a Federal agency.

（ii）合格研究人员向联邦机构转移或与之分享计划下涵盖平台提供的任何数据集。

(D) SECURITY.—Nothing in this subsection shall be construed in a manner that would result in data sets from a covered platform being transferred to the Government of the People's Republic of China or the government of another foreign adversary (as defined in section 8(c)(2) of the Secure and Trusted Communications Networks Act of 2019 (47 U.S.C. 1607(c)(2))).

(D) 安全性。本节不得以造成数据集转移至中华人民共和国政府或《2019年安全和可信通信网络法》第8章第（c）节第（2）条定义其他政府的方式进行解释。

(c) Safe Harbor For Collection Of Data For Independent Research Regarding Identified Harms To Minors.—If, in the course of conducting independent research for noncommercial purposes regarding harms described in section 3(a) (without regard to whether such research is conducted under the program), an eligible researcher collects or uses data from a covered platform in a manner that violates the terms of service of the platform, no cause of action based on such violation shall lie or be maintained in any court against such researcher unless the violation relates to the failure of the researcher to take reasonable measures to protect user privacy and security.

（c）涉及辨识对未成年人伤害的数据收集的独立研究的安全港条款。适格研究人员在进行第3章第（a）节所述伤害的非商业目的的独立研究时，无论该研究是否在计划下进行，如其收集或使用涵盖平台数据的方式违反平台服务条款，则不得因该违规行为受到法庭指控，违规行为系研究人员拒绝采取合理措施保护用户隐私和安全的除外。

(d) Rulemaking.—The Assistant Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of Commerce, the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, the Director of the National Science Foundation, and the Director of the National Institutes of Health shall promulgate rules in accordance with section 553 of title 5, United States Code, as necessary to implement this section.

（d）制定规则。为实施本章所需，助理部长经与商务部长、美国国家标准与技术研究院院长、美国国家科学基金会理事和美国国立卫生研究院院长磋商，应根据《美国法典》第5篇第553章规定颁布规则。

原文链接：

https://www.congress.gov/bill/118th-congress/senate-bill/1409/text

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