看过哈利波特的朋友们
应该都很羡慕主角拥有的“隐形斗篷”吧
现在
隐身可能成为现实!
10月28日,在“bilibili超级科学晚”活动上,中国科学院院士褚君浩分享了一项令人惊叹的科学发现——利用特殊材料实现“隐身术”
褚君浩院士请工作人员手持一块面板,起初透过面板还可看到人物的下半身。
而将这块材料旋转90°之后,褚君浩院士的下半身“消失不见了”,但能够清楚地看到人物身后的舞台场景。
褚君浩院士表示:“未来哈利·波特的隐形斗篷将成衣柜里的日常用品。”
In the future, everybody will have a Harry Potter invisibility cloak in the closet, said Chu Junhao, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Shanghai on Saturday.
At the Super Science Night held by Bilibili, China's major video-sharing platform, Chu showed how invisibility can be achieved with special technologies and materials.
He askedtwo staff membersto hold a panel in front of him. Initially, the lower part of his body was visible through the panel. After rotating the panel 90 degrees, his lower half disappeared, but the stage behind him could still be clearly seen.
想要隐身
究竟需要哪些条件呢?
实际上,实现上述“隐身”效果的材料为柱镜光栅,它由一排排微小的圆柱状凸透镜排列组成,每一个竖直圆柱状凸透镜都能把平行于它的物体缩小变细,使光线能够有规律地折射。当一排圆柱状凸透镜形成光栅,则产生若干个细到被眼睛忽略的成像,视觉上达到“隐身”效果。
The magic was realized by a lenticular grating composed of rows of tiny cylindrical convex lenses, and each vertical cylindrical convex lens can shrink and thin objects parallel to it, so that light can be refracted, according to Chu.
When a row of cylindrical convex lenses forms a grating, several images that are too small to be noticed by the eyes are produced, achieving an invisibility effect.
此外,褚院士介绍,人们还可以利用折射率“隐身”,例如,高硼硅玻璃和甘油的折射率相近,当使用高硼硅玻璃材质的物体在甘油里运动时也可以‘隐身’。褚君浩称,“这其实就是实现‘隐身衣’的原理之一,当你穿上一件衣服,它的面料和空气折射率一致时,就能在日常生活中自如‘隐身’了。”
褚君浩进一步表示,当前对于“隐身”最前沿的探索,不仅能躲避肉眼监测,还能躲避红外监测。随着现代探测手段的日益多样化,针对单一光谱,如可见光、红外光等,或者针对单一类型的探测器,如雷达、激光探测等早已不能满足人们对于“隐身”的需求。
“真正的‘完美隐身’要求对上述探测手段都能躲避,其本质是对任意电磁波的低可探测性。‘超材料’的问世对实现任意电磁波的完美隐身提供了全新的解决方案。它是人造复合材料,通过设计、重组材料的细微结构,改变光、电磁波的常规性质。”褚君浩称。
Chu also showed several other ways to be invisible, such as using two substances with similar refractive indices and a plane mirror to create reflection imaging.
“未来,随着‘隐身’技术和‘超材料’的逐渐成熟,科幻作品里的‘隐身’畅想将逐渐走向现实。”褚君浩称,相信未来还会有更多‘隐身’装备改变我们的生活,比如私密性更好的隐形房间,隐形助听器等。
"Invisibility in science fiction will become reality as invisibility technology and material develop," he said. "More invisibility equipment will change our life, such as invisible rooms that can provide better privacy and invisible hearing-aids."
资料显示,褚君浩,男,1945年3月20日出生于江苏宜兴,红外物理学家、半导体物理和器件专家,中国科学院院士,中国科学院上海技术物理研究所研究员,东华大学理学院院长。
褚君浩长期从事红外光电子材料和器件的研究,开展了用于红外探测器的窄禁带半导体碲镉汞(HgCdTe)和铁电薄膜的材料物理和器件研究。
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来源:bilibili超级科学晚 南方新闻网 中国新闻网 红星新闻 中国日报网
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