44岁德桑蒂斯官宣竞选美国总统，这位特朗普的党内“最强对手”是何来头？（附视频&解说稿）

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据美联社5月24日报道，44岁的美国佛罗里达州州长德桑蒂斯在推特正式宣布参加2024年总统选举，角逐共和党提名，他被视为前总统特朗普在共和党内的“头号竞争对手”。近几个月来，特朗普官司缠身，为其角逐2024年共和党总统候选人增加了不少变数，德桑蒂斯能成为特朗普的有力挑战者吗？

有网友说，至少这次推特直播宣布参选总统不是很理想。德桑蒂斯的网络直播活动因推特故障屡屡出现断线、乱码。特朗普阵营对此嘲讽称德桑蒂斯发布会简直是让网民见证了一场灾难。早前宣布参选的妮基·黑利（Nikki Haley）方面讽刺德桑蒂斯“竞选启动失败”，并期待德桑蒂斯的竞选活动失败。特朗普也在社交媒体平台发文称，德桑蒂斯的推特发布会是一场灾难，他的整个竞选活动也将是一场灾难，“都来见证”。

报道称，德桑蒂斯选择推特来发布参选消息，是参考特朗普的剧本，因推特曾帮助特朗普摇身变成政治明星。但事态没按计划发展。直播先是发生技术故障，预定开始时间过了20分钟，用户只听到话筒噪音、音乐播不出来等一堆技术问题。

德桑蒂斯曾担任美国国会众议员，2018年当选佛州州长，并于2022年连任。目前多家民调显示，德桑蒂斯支持率落后于特朗普，但遥遥领先于其他共和党参选人。值得关注的是，德桑蒂斯竞选佛州州长时，曾获时任美国总统特朗普力挺。但此后两人关系恶化，最近几个月，特朗普多次公开攻击、羞辱德桑蒂斯。今年3月，特朗普在一次竞选集会上，爆料称德桑蒂斯竞选州长时“眼里含着泪水”乞求他的支持。

那么，在共和党选民心中，究竟德桑蒂斯会成为特朗普的“平替款”还是“升级款”呢？44岁的德桑蒂斯真的有机会在未来逆袭翻盘成为共和党的提名候选人吗？

宣布竞选美国总统

特朗普“劲敌”德桑蒂斯是何来头?

↓↓↓ 上下滑动，查看解说稿 ↓↓↓

- I'm Ron DeSantis and I'm running for president to lead our great American comeback.

- [Narrator] Florida governor, Ron DeSantis, has officially entered the 2024 presidential race, after announcing his bid in a Twitter conversation with Elon Musk.

- [Ron] Governing is not entertainment.

It's not about building a brand or virtue signaling.

It is about delivering results.

And our results in Florida have been second-to-none.

We can and we must deliver big results for America.

- [Narrator] After a big win in the midterms and a successful legislative session in Florida, DeSantis is looking to take his politics national, going head to head with former president Donald Trump for the GOP nomination.

- They are the top two contenders for the Republican nomination at this point.

No one else comes close.

- [Narrator] But moving from state politics to a national stage presents its own challenges for DeSantis.

So what should we expect from the governor, and what challenges lie ahead? Once close allies, the relationship between DeSantis and Trump has evolved greatly over time.

- We need to elect Ron DeSantis as your governor.

- [Narrator] Trump endorsed DeSantis in the 2018 gubernatorial election.

- Mr. President, I look forward to working with you to advance Florida's priorities.

I think you're gonna get tired of me calling you, asking you for things for Florida.

- They felt similarly on a lot of issues.

DeSantis sort of championed those issues back in Florida.

The president had a real ally there.

That really came off the wheels recently as the governor asserted himself politically and began to look at a presidential run.

- [Narrator] Now, Trump's attitude toward DeSantis has soured, often jabbing the governor about sagging approval ratings.

- Let's see, there it is, Trump at 71, Ron DeSanctimonious at 10%.

- He feels that the governor is disloyal, that Ron DeSantis is not showing him proper respect by challenging him for the presidency.

- [Narrator] DeSantis has largely avoided responding to the former president's attacks.

- I don't know how to spell DeSanctimonious.

I don't really know what it means, but you know, I kinda like it.

It's long, it's got a lotta vowels.

I mean, so. (Piers laughing) We can go with that, that's fine.

You know, you can call me whatever you want.

I mean, just as long as you, you know, also call me a winner.

- In order to win the Republican nomination, Ron DeSantis is going to need a lot of Trump supporters.

So alienating those with hard-hitting attacks against the former president could turn those people off.

- Donald Trump.

- [Narrator] Since winning the 2018 election, DeSantis' popularity among voters has exploded in Florida, illustrated by his landslide 19-point reelection win in the November midterms.

And his popularity continued to grow after he delivered several conservative policy victories during the last legislative session in Florida.

From restrictions on drag shows to limiting spending on diversity programs in colleges, DeSantis' policies have made national headlines and will likely serve as the backbone for his presidential campaign as he tries to win over a wider range of voters.

- He'll be able to say, "Look how effective I was.

I got X, Y, and X done." Versus, you know, some of the struggles that Trump as president had getting his agenda passed.

- [Narrator] Other bills endorsed by DeSantis include allowing concealed handguns without a permit and a strick six-week abortion ban.

While those policies may serve DeSantis well in the primaries, they could also prove to be a challenge for him in the general election.

In a "Wall Street Journal" poll asking about the right to carry a concealed handgun without a permit, 56% of Republican primary voters said they support that right.

While nationwide, 65% of overall voters were in opposition.

And for the six-week abortion ban, 68% of Republican primary voters favored the ban, but 53% of voters overall opposed it.

- The abortion issue is very complex.

It's controversial.

Six weeks is seen as pretty extreme by a lot of people.

- [Narrator] DeSantis is also preparing to challenge the incumbent president, Joe Biden, who along with Trump has experience running in presidential elections and winning them.

- DeSantis is not tested on a national stage.

He doesn't have the experience dealing with world leaders or major global issues.

So that'll be something that both Trump and Biden would use against Ron DeSantis.

- [Narrator] DeSantis now joins a growing swath of Republican candidates in the race, including Trump, former South Carolina governor, Nikki Haley, and South Carolina senator, Tim Scott, with the potential for others, including former vice president Mike Pence, who may announce in the coming months.

- Right now, it's down to Donald Trump and Ron DeSantis.

It's their fight to lose.

Republicans are hungry for someone who can get something done.

There's a number of other Republicans that are vying for this and they're gonna be looking especially to see if Ron DeSantis stumbles.

Essentially, if you boil down Ron DeSantis' argument is, "I am effective.

I can carry on the agenda that Donald Trump kinda started but actually get it passed."

德桑蒂斯在竞选视频中说：“美国的衰落并非不可避免，而是一种选择。我们应该选择一个新的方向——一条带领美国复兴的道路……我正在竞选美国总统，领导伟大的美国再次复兴。”

从个人履历来看，德桑蒂斯从名校毕业、有律师资格证、参过军、做过检察官、当过国会众议员、年纪轻轻当选州长，在州长任内政绩不错，还有一位当过主持人的漂亮妻子。

德桑蒂斯1978年9月出生在佛罗里达州杰克逊维尔，是意大利移民的后裔。他出身一个普通家庭，母亲是护士，父亲是电视盒安装工。德桑蒂斯小时候是一名出色的棒球运动员，曾在佛州少年棒球联盟打球，打进过世界级比赛。在耶鲁大学就读时，他是校棒球队队长。

从耶鲁大学历史专业毕业后，德桑蒂斯当了一段时间老师，后来考入哈佛大学法学院，2005年获法学博士学位。博士毕业前一年，他还加入美国海军，成为一名军官。在军中服役期间，他在海军当过军事法庭检察官，后来成为海豹突击队的法律顾问，还被派遣到伊拉克过。

2010年德桑蒂斯退役，但仍保留了海军预备役身份。那一年，他与妻子凯西结婚，凯西当过电视主持人和新闻主播，相貌出众，是德桑蒂斯身边一道亮丽的风景线，两人育有三个孩子，经常一起亮相各种公开场合。

离开军队后，德桑蒂斯成为一名联邦检察官。2012年，34岁的他当选佛罗里达州国会众议员。担任众议员期间，他还在美国保守派媒体福克斯新闻客串评论员。2015年，德桑蒂斯曾考虑竞选国会参议员，但后来撤回了竞选申请。

特朗普当选美国总统后，德桑蒂斯经常为其摇旗呐喊。因为从政时间短，当2018年德桑蒂斯决定竞选佛罗里达州州长时，在共和党内并不被看好。于是，德桑蒂斯向特朗普求援，得到后者“背书”。他还为此辞去国会众议员，全力备战州长选举。凭借特朗普的支持，德桑蒂斯最终以0.4个百分点的微弱优势击败民主党对手，成功当选佛州州长。

德桑蒂斯真正赢得人气是在成为州长之后。他在应对新冠疫情、难民问题、控枪、税收政策等方面的主张都与特朗普非常相似，还参与了共和党籍州长把非法移民送往华盛顿等民主党主政地区的“移民大巴”计划。有观点认为，德桑蒂斯是“没有被起诉和丑闻拖累的特朗普”。