【官方】努力推动中澳全面战略伙伴关系重回正轨——在澳大利亚国家新闻俱乐部的演讲

*本文授权转载自：中国驻澳大利亚大使馆

ID：aozhoufeihong

努力推动中澳全面战略伙伴关系重回正轨

——在澳大利亚国家新闻俱乐部的演讲

（2022年8月10日，堪培拉）

中国驻澳大利亚大使肖千

新闻界的各位朋友，

女士们，先生们，

下午好。

非常高兴在国家新闻俱乐部发表演讲。感谢各位的出席。特别感谢彼得·菲利普斯先生，我们上个月在悉尼曾谈及演讲一事，感谢你的建议。感谢国家新闻俱乐部首席执行官莫里斯·雷利先生向我致函发出邀请。我愿借此机会与各位分享对中澳关系的看法。

出任中国驻澳大使，我感到十分荣幸。中澳都是伟大的国家，两国人民勤劳而智慧，彼此有着友好感情。到任半年来，我与联邦和州地政府以及社会各界人士广泛接触交流，强烈感受到广大澳大利亚民众对中国和中国人民充满热情善意，希望两国关系健康稳定发展、两国继续推进友好合作，这些令我深受鼓舞。

女士们，先生们，

今年恰逢中澳建交50周年。近半个世纪来，中澳两国关系取得巨大成就。各领域、各层级互动频繁，友好与互信不断增强，务实合作成就尤为突出。自2009年以来中国一直是澳货物贸易第一伙伴国，两国贸易额由1972年不足1亿美元跃升至2021年的2073.3亿美元，占澳当年进出口贸易总额的34.2%，当年澳对华贸易顺差达605.5亿美元；中国是澳最大出口目的国，2021年对华出口占澳货物贸易出口总额的38.8%；中国是澳第一大进口来源国，2021年自华进口占澳货物贸易进口总额的28.1%；2018年中国成为澳最大入境客源国和旅游消费国，年度入境中国游客突破百万人、年度旅游消费突破百亿澳元；尽管受疫情冲击，中国仍保持澳第一大国际留学生来源国地位，截止今年5月，中国赴澳留学生有13.14万人，在外国来澳留学生中占比28%。这些数字表明，中澳合作对中澳两国都十分重要，互利共赢是中澳关系的本质特征。

遗憾的是，由于众所周知的原因，中澳关系过去几年陷入困难境地，两国各领域交流合作受到影响，两国人民友好情感受到伤害。这是我们不愿看到的，也同两国和两国人民的共同利益背道而驰。

不久前，澳联邦大选产生新一届政府，这是澳大利亚内政，也是澳大利亚人民的选择。但也为中澳关系重启提供了可能契机。李克强总理向澳新总理发出贺电，阿尔巴尼斯总理复信感谢。两国防长和外长举行双边会晤，两国在经贸、教育等领域也进行了高层沟通。

王毅国务委员兼外长与黄英贤外长会晤卓有成效，达成重要共识。双方重申两国全面战略伙伴关系定位，愿本着相互尊重的精神，加强接触、增进互信、妥处分歧、消除障碍，在互利共赢基础上推动务实合作。这些共识对中澳关系未来发展具有重要指导意义。

中澳关系的积极进展是令人鼓舞的开端，未来还有大量工作要做。当前重要的是，双方应保持这一势头，采取行动，努力推动两国关系重回正轨。王毅国务委员就此提出了四点希望，也发布了消息。我愿同大家分享以下几点：

首先，重塑中国认知，视中国为伙伴而非对手。

认知的关键是如何看待中国与国际秩序的关系，中国是维护者还是挑战者？事实是，中国是现行国际体系的参与者、建设者和贡献者。中国是联合国创始会员国，第一个在联合国宪章上签字。中国是几乎所有普遍性政府间国际组织的成员，是安理会常任理事国中派遣维和人员最多的国家和联合国第二大维和摊款国。中国提前10年实现联合国2030年可持续发展议程减贫目标，对全球减贫贡献率超过70%。正如联合国秘书长古特雷斯所说，“几十年来，中国已成为本组织工作日益重要的贡献者和国际合作的一大支柱”。

经过改革开放四十多年的努力，中国发生了翻天覆地的变化，综合国力显著增强。但中国的外交理念和外交政策始终未变。中方主张对现行国际秩序和体系进行必要改革和完善，但中方绝非寻求另起炉灶。中方坚定维护以联合国为核心的国际体系，以国际法为基础的国际秩序，以联合国宪章宗旨和原则为基础的国际关系基本准则，这符合中国的根本利益。中国的发展是实现自我超越，而非要挑战或取代谁。无论自身如何发展，中国永不称霸、永不扩张，永不谋求势力范围。

中澳关系处于重要节点。中国对澳友好与合作政策迄今未变。澳方秉持客观理性的对华认知和积极务实的对华政策，对中澳成为长期稳定和可预期的合作伙伴至关重要。

其次，营造有利环境，巩固互利互惠的合作关系。

务实合作是中澳关系发展的重要支撑，建交50年来发挥了重要作用。即使在过去几年双边关系遭遇困难和波折时期，广泛而深入的务实合作仍发挥着稳定器和压舱石的特殊作用，避免双边关系陷入更加糟糕境地。

中澳经济高度互补。澳大利亚是中国长期稳定的矿产和能源资源供应国，中国是澳大利亚有竞争力的商品供应国，两国的务实合作已形成密切的相互依存关系，合则两利，斗则俱伤。

中澳两国政府应奉行积极政策，采取具体举措，改善合作氛围，协商处理分歧，更好服务于双方互惠合作。

当前，全球经济面临通胀高企、复苏乏力、供应链紧张等困难局面，世行预测全球增长放缓、经济衰退将难以避免。中澳务实合作不仅有利于两国经济稳定发展，对中澳应对全球经济挑战也具有特殊意义。

第三，相互尊重，扩大共识，妥处分歧。

中澳在诸多领域拥有共同利益，在许多问题上存在共识。双方在经济发展、民生改善、生态保护、区域合作、气候变化、打击跨境犯罪、自由贸易、多边主义等领域已经并应继续开展合作。世界上没有两片相同的树叶。中澳历史、文化、宗教、发展阶段和政治体制存在差异，但两国没有根本性利害冲突。双方应以建设性态度看待分歧，本着相互尊重的原则，通过交流与对话努力缩小分歧，而不应让分歧阻碍甚至绑架两国总体关系与合作。

世界是多元的，各国政治制度也是多种多样。一个国家的政治制度好不好，这个国家的人民最有发言权。鞋子合不合脚，只有穿的人才知道。关键在于这一制度能否使人民过上更好的生活。中国共产党领导的中国特色社会主义制度取得了巨大成功，适合中国，造福中国，受到14亿中国人民的衷心拥护。从1978至2018年的改革开放40年间，中国经济总量扩大了225倍，人均GDP从155美元增长到到8800美元，居民人均收入增长22.8倍，对世界经济增长的贡献率更是超过30%，成为世界经济增长的第一引擎。中国全面建成小康社会，中国人民彻底摆脱绝对贫困。中国的全过程人民民主制度效率有目共睹。中国用几十年走完了发达国家上百年甚至几百年走过的发展道路。

澳大利亚是多元化的国家，多元化是助推澳国家走向成功的重要因素。半个世纪的交往证明，中澳完全能够超越政治制度和发展阶段的差异，成为朋友和伙伴。

第四，基于两国利益发展包容性关系。

中澳作为主权独立的国家，拥有各自的国家利益，也同世界上其他国家开展各种交往，形成不同的伙伴关系。中澳之间有诸多共同利益，中澳各自同其他国家也有共同的利益。这些利益有时一致或相似，有时不一致甚至有较大分歧，这些都是正常现象。中方尊重澳同其他国家开展正常的交往与合作，无意干预破坏澳同第三方关系。同时，我们认为，中澳发展双边关系应基于两国人民利益作出独立判断和决策，而不应受第三方干扰和影响。

50年前，惠特拉姆先生克服巨大困难，作出同中国建交选择，开启对华合作乃至“接触亚洲”的先河，向世人证明澳大利亚完全可以在国际事务中独立自主地发挥应有作用。作为亚太地区重要大国和亚太经合组织创始成员国，澳拥有独特地缘和人文优势，完全可以为推动东西方交流与合作扮演更重要角色，为促进亚太繁荣与稳定作出更大贡献。

第五，增进两国人民相互理解，夯实中澳友谊坚实基础。

国之交在于民相亲。建交50年来，两国迄已建立100多对友好省州、友好城市。疫情之前每周有近200个航班往来于两国之间，每年有近200万人次跨越赤道南北。自2015年起，中国已经连续7年成为澳大利亚国际学生最大生源国。120余万华人华侨工作生活在此，为澳经济社会及多元文化发展，为中澳交流与合作做出了突出贡献。

公众有权利选择自己的看法，但不可否认的是，政府采取的政策和对外释放的信息，直接影响民众态度。如果两国政府采取积极的政策和行动，保护和鼓励中澳两国人民间的友好感情，将有助于两国关系健康稳定发展。

媒体对舆论具有特殊影响力。坦率地说，澳媒对华报道以消极信息居多，有关中国的积极报道很难找到。世界上没有完美的国家，但对一个国家总是以负面角度进行报道无助于了解真相。这样的报道误导澳民众对华认知，也伤害中国民众对澳大利亚的友好情感。客观看待中国，全方位介绍中国，将有助于澳公众了解真实的中国。

女士们，先生们，

最近台湾问题备受关注。8月2日，美国会众议长佩洛西窜访中国台湾地区，严重违反一个中国原则和中美三个联合公报规定，严重冲击中美关系政治基础，严重侵犯中国主权和领土完整，严重破坏台海和平稳定，向“台独”分裂势力发出严重错误信号。

佩洛西众议长不顾中方强烈反对执意访台，清楚地表明是美国率先采取挑衅行动，改变和破坏现状，导致台海局势紧张升级，美国应该也必须为此负全部责任。中方不得不采取反制措施，捍卫国家主权和领土完整，这正当合法，天经地义。

澳政府多次重申坚持一个中国政策。1972年中澳建交联合公报明确写道“澳大利亚政府承认中华人民共和国政府是中国的唯一合法政府，承认中国政府关于台湾是中华人民共和国一个省的立场”。一个中国原则是澳大利亚历届政府的庄严承诺。澳方理应严格信守，充分兑现，不应在实际行动中曲解和违背。希望澳方以严肃态度对待中澳关系，在涉台问题上谨言慎行，不打折扣。

女士们，先生们，

今年12月21日是中澳建交五十周年纪念日。回顾过去，展望未来，双方应本着相互尊重、互利共赢的精神采取实际行动，努力推动中澳全面战略伙伴关系重回正轨。

谢谢！

Strive to Bring China-Australia Comprehensive

Strategic Partnership Back on the Right Track

— Address by H.E. XIAO Qian, Chinese Ambassador to Australia

at the National Press Club of Australia

10 August 2022, Canberra

Friends from the press,

Ladies and Gentlemen,

Good afternoon.

It’s my great pleasure indeed to address the National Press Club. Thank you all for your presence. My special thanks to Peter Phillips, we talked about addressing the NPC last month in Sydney, and thank you for your advice. Thanks to Maurice Reilly, CEO of NPC, for writing to me to extend your kind invitation, which gives me an opportunity to share my views on the much discussed China-Australia relations.

I feel very much honoured to be Chinese ambassador to Australia. Both China and Australia are great countries, our peoples are industrious and intelligent, and have always cherished friendly sentiments toward each other. During the past six months, I have been having extensive contacts and exchanges of views with the federal and state governments, as well as friends and colleagues from different walks of life. I felt strongly about the hospitality and kindness of the Australian people towards China and towards Chinese people, as well as their expectations for a sound, stable, friendly and cooperative relationship between our two countries, and I have been deeply encouraged.

Ladies and Gentlemen,

This year happens to be the 50th anniversary of the diplomatic relations between China and Australia. If we look back at the past 5 decades, we have made great achievements in developing our bilateral relations. Contacts and exchanges at all levels and in all fields have been very frequent, friendship and mutual trust have been constantly enhanced.

The progress in practical cooperation has been incredibly outstanding. China has been Australia’s largest trading partner since 2009. Our trade volume has surged from less than 100 million US dollars in 1972 to over 207 billion US dollars in 2021, accounting for 34.2% of Australia’s total import and export in 2021, and Australia’s trade surplus with China has reached 60 billion US dollars in that year alone. China is Australia’s top export destination, with exports to China accounting for 38.8% of Australia’s total export in goods in 2021. China is also Australia’s largest source of imports, with imports from China taking up 28.1% of Australia’s total imports of goods in 2021.

Starting from 2018, China became Australia’s largest source country of international tourists and tourist spending, as over one million Chinese tourists spent over 10 billion Australian dollars annually during their stay in Australia. Despite the impact of COVID-19, China continues to be the largest source of international students for Australia. As of May this year, there are 131,400 Chinese students studying in Australia, accounting for 28% of Australia’s total international students. These figures are telling us clearly that the cooperation between China-Australia is important to both sides, and mutually beneficial in nature.

In the past couple of years, the relationship between China and Australia was caught in difficult situation due to reasons known to all. This has greatly impacted the bilateral exchanges and cooperation in various fields, and severely damaged the friendship between our two peoples. This is something we don’t want to see, and it goes against the shared interests of our two countries and our two peoples.

With the recent federal election, we have a new Australian government. It’s the domestic affair of this country, and choice of the Australian people. Nevertheless, it has provided a possible opportunity to reset the China-Australia relationship. Chinese Premier Li Keqiang sent his congratulatory message to the new Prime Minister of Australia, and Prime Minister Albanese replied with a letter of thanks. Defence ministers and foreign ministers from our two countries held their bilateral meetings. We also have seen ministerial communications between the two sides on education, economy and trade.

The meeting between the two foreign ministers was productive. Important consensuses were reached. The two sides reaffirmed their comprehensive strategic partnership, and expressed willingness to strengthen engagements, enhance mutual trust, properly handle differences, remove obstacles, and promote practical cooperation in the spirit of mutual respect and mutual benefit. These consensuses are significant for the future development of China-Australia relations.

The positive progress in China-Australia relations is an encouraging start and there’s a lot of work to be done. It’s very important for both sides to make further efforts to keep the momentum, take actions for substantive progress and strive to bring our bilateral relations back on the right track. In this connection, State Councillor Wang Yi put forward proposals from the Chinese side, which were released briefly. I would like to share with you my views on the following points.

First, to reshape the perception on China, and regard China as a partner rather than a rival.

The essence of the point is the relationship between China and the international order. Is China a champion or a challenger? The fact of the matter is, China is a participant, builder and contributor to the existing international system. China is a founding member of the United Nations, and the first country to sign the UN Charter. China is a member of almost all universal intergovernmental organizations in the world. China is the largest troops-contributing country among the Permanent Members of the UN Security Council, and the second largest budget contributor to the UN peacekeeping. China attained the poverty reduction goal of the UN’s 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development 10 years ahead of schedule, contributing more than 70% to the global poverty reduction efforts.

As UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres said, “In the decades since, China has become an increasingly important contributor to the work of the Organization and a major pillar of international cooperation.”

In the past more than 40 years of reform and opening up to the outside world, tremendous changes have indeed happened in China. China’s comprehensive national strength has been significantly enhanced. But China’s diplomatic philosophy and foreign policy remain unchanged. China supports necessary reform and improvement to the current international order and system, but China never seeks to start a new one. China firmly upholds the international system with the UN at its core, the international order based on international law, and the basic norms governing international relations based on the purposes and principles of the UN Charter. It serves the fundamental interests of China. China’s development is to achieve above and beyond, not to challenge or replace any country. No matter how China develops itself, China will never seek hegemony, expansion, or sphere of influence.

The development of China-Australia relations is at a critical juncture. China’s policy of friendship and cooperation towards Australia remains unchanged. An objective and rational perception of Australia on China, and a positive and pragmatic policy towards China are fundamentally significant for a long-term stable and predictable partnership between China and Australia.

Second, to create a favourable atmosphere, and consolidate collaborative relations of mutual benefit.

Practical cooperation has been the backbone for China-Australia relations, making great contributions to the development of China-Australia relations for the past 50 years. Even in times of difficulties and fluctuations as we experienced in the past few years, extensive and in-depth practical cooperation between our two countries had played a special role of a stabilizer and ballast, without which our bilateral relations could have been even worse.

China and Australia are economically highly complementary towards each other. Australia has been a long-term stable supplier of mineral and energy resources for China. China has been a competitive commodity supplier for Australia. Such practical cooperation has fostered a close partnership between our two countries, when we cooperate, we both win, when we don’t, we both lose.

It is imperative for the governments of the two countries to adopt positive policies towards each other, take concrete measures to improve the atmosphere of cooperation, solve differences through consultation, create favourable conditions to better serve our mutually beneficial cooperation.

At present, the world economy is facing difficulties such as high inflation, weak recovery, and tight supply chains. The World Bank forecasts that global growth will slow down, and economic recession will be hard to avoid. Maintaining practical cooperation between China and Australia is not only conducive to the stable economic development of our two countries, but also has special significance for China and Australia to deal with the current global economic challenges.

Third, to respect each other, seek common ground, properly handle differences.

There are many areas where China and Australia share common interests. There are many issues on which China and Australia have common grounds. These are the areas we have been cooperating and should continue to cooperate to the interests of both sides. For example, economy development, people’s livelihood improvement, environment protection, regional cooperation, climate change, combating cross-border crimes, free trade, multilateralism among others. At the same time, no two leaves are alike. China and Australia are different in history, culture, religion, development stage and political system. Different as we are, there are no areas where we have fundamental conflicts of interest. It is very important for both sides to take constructive approach towards these differences, narrow down differences through communication and dialogue in the spirit of mutual respect. The least thing we should do is to allow these differences to obstruct even hijack the overall relationship and cooperation between our two countries.

The world is diversified and political system is taking different forms in different countries. Whether certain country has chosen a good political system or not, its for the people of that country to have the say. Only the wearer of the shoes knows if they fit or not. The key question is whether the system could help its people to live a better life.

The system of socialism with Chinese characteristics, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, has achieved remarkable success, it fits China, it’s good for China, and has won the heartfelt support of 1.4 billion Chinese people. After 40 years of reform and opening up from 1978 to 2018, China’s economy has grown 225-fold; per capita GDP has increased from 155 US dollars to 8,800 US dollars; per capita income has grown 22.8-fold. China has contributed over 30% of the world economic growth, and has become the world’s leading economic powerhouse. China has successfully built up a moderately prosperous society in all respects. Chinese people have been lifted out of absolute poverty in a complete way. The efficiency of China’s whole-process people’s democracy speaks for itself. It took China decades to go through the development journey that took developed countries centuries to complete.

Australia is diversified in many aspects, and diversity is an important contributor to Australia’s success. The past five decades have shown, that China and Australia can be friends and partners in spite of our differences in political system and development stage.

Fourth, to develop an inclusive relationship based on the interests of our two countries.

As independent sovereign countries, China and Australia each has its own national interests, each conducts exchanges with other countries in the world and builds various partnerships. China and Australia share mutual interests with each other, while at the same time each shares mutual interests with other countries as well. One’s interests are sometimes the same or similar with the others’, and sometimes not, which is quite normal. China respects Australia’s normal exchanges and cooperation with other countries. China has no intention to interfere in or undermine Australia’s relations with a third party. At the same time, it is our strong belief that China and Australia should make independent judgments and decisions to develop our bilateral relations based on the interests of the Chinese people and Australian people, free from interference from a third party.

Fifty years ago, Prime Minister Whitlam overcame tremendous difficulties and made the decision to establish diplomatic relations between Australia and China. The initiation of cooperation with China and engagement with Asia has proven that Australia is fully capable of playing its due role independently in international affairs. As an important major country in the Asia-Pacific and a founding member of APEC, Australia has its unique geographical and cultural advantages. Australia could play an even bigger role to promote exchanges and cooperation between the East and the West, and could make even greater contribution to the prosperity and stability of the Asia-Pacific.

Fifth, to promote mutual understanding between our two peoples, lay down a solid foundation of mutual friendship.

Amity between their peoples holds the key to sound relations between two different countries. Over the past 50 years, there have been established more than 100 pairs of sister provinces/states and cities between China and Australia. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, there were nearly 200 flights between our two countries every week, carrying nearly 2 million passengers visiting each other each year. China has been Australia’s largest source of international students for 7 consecutive years since 2015. There are more than 1.2 million overseas Chinese working and living in different parts of Australia, making outstanding contributions to Australia’s economic, social and multicultural prosperity, and to the friendship, exchanges and cooperation between our two countries.

Everyone is entitled to his views. Yet unarguably, the policy adopted and the information released by the government have direct influence on the attitude of the public. If the governments of our two countries adopt positive policies and measures towards each other, protect and encourage the friendship between our people, it would be highly conducive to the healthy and stable development of our bilateral relationship.

Media has a special role to play in the forming of public opinion. Allow me to put it frankly, here in this country, the media coverage on China are mostly negative, and it is simply difficult to find news about China that is positive. No country is perfect. But a coverage on a country that is always in a negative perspective is nowhere near to telling the truth. Coverage on China of such kind is misleading and harming the friendship between our two peoples. To take an objective perspective on China, tell stories about China in all dimension, will be helpful for the Australian public to know what China truly is today.

Ladies and Gentlemen,

The Taiwan question has received much attention recently. On August 2, the US House Speaker, Nancy Pelosi, visited China’s Taiwan region. This is a serious violation of the one-China principle and the provisions of the three China-US joint communiqués. It has a severe impact on the political foundation of China-US relations, and seriously infringes upon China's sovereignty and territorial integrity. It gravely undermines peace and stability across the Taiwan Strait, and sends a seriously wrong signal to the separatist forces for “Taiwan independence”.

Speaker Pelosi insisted on visiting Taiwan in disregard of China’s strong opposition, making it clear to the world that it was the US who first took provocative actions to change and undermine the status quo. And it is the US that should and must take full responsibility for the escalation of tensions in the Taiwan Strait. China is compelled to take countermeasures to safeguard its national sovereignty and territorial integrity, which is legitimate and justified.

Australian government has reaffirmed on several occasions its commitment to the one-China principle. As is clearly stated in the 1972Joint Communiqué Between China and Australia, I quote ‘the Australian Government recognizes the Government of the People's Republic of China as the sole legal Government of China, acknowledges the position of the Chinese Government that Taiwan is a province of the People's Republic of China’, end quote. The one-China principle is a solemn commitment by successive Australian governments. It should be strictly abide by and fully honoured. It should not be misinterpreted or compromised in practice. We hope the Australian side could take China-Australia relations with serious attitude, handle the Taiwan question with caution, but without discount.

Ladies and Gentlemen,

The coming December 21 marks the 50th anniversary of the diplomatic relations between China and Australia. It’s perfect time for both sides to review the past, look into the future, take concrete actions in the spirit of mutual respect and mutual benefit, strive to bring China-Australia Comprehensive Strategic Partnership back on the right track.

Thank you.

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