来源：财经会议资讯（ID：fci0630）
翻译：报告厅翻译组
更多信息请查看：www.baogaoting.com
当地时间2021年10月18日，美国前国务卿科林·鲍威尔的脸书官方页面发布消息称，鲍威尔因新冠肺炎并发症于当天去世，享年84岁。
2005年9月8日，鲍威尔接受美国广播公司（ABC）访谈，中间谈到他为在2003年在联合国的臭名昭著的讲话中依赖虚假情报感到“很糟糕”。鲍威尔说 “这是一个污迹。我代表美国做了虚假的报告，这个报告将永远存在在我的个人记录里。我感到痛苦，现在还感到痛苦
科林·鲍威尔谈伊拉克、种族和飓风救援
Colin Powell on Iraq, Race, and Hurricane Relief
By ABC News
6 January 2006, 13:26
• 6 min read
2005年9月8日——在35年的从军生涯中，科林·鲍威尔赢得了一个典型的纪律严明的战士的声誉。作为布什总统第一个任期的国务卿，鲍威尔被广泛认为是政府的一个纪律严明、温和和忠诚的代言人。现在，鲍威尔已经从政府部门离职，他公开表示他对从入侵伊拉克到联邦政府对卡特里娜飓风的反应的一切都感到失望和沮丧。
Sept. 8, 2005 — -- In 35 years of service as a soldier, Colin Powell earned a reputation as the quintessential disciplined warrior. As secretary of state in President Bush's first term, Powell was widely seen as a disciplined, moderate -- and loyal -- voice for the administration. Now out of government service, Powell is airing openly his disappointments and frustration on everything from the invasion of Iraq to the federal response to Hurricane Katrina.
68岁的鲍威尔最近在达拉斯的留尼球馆看望了风暴幸存者。他说，他为那些在毁灭性风暴中流离失所的家庭“深感震动”，并对卡特里娜飓风的准备工作提出了批评。“我认为，地方、州和联邦政府在很多层面上都存在很多失误。随着时间的推移，人们对新奥尔良的危险发出了足够多的警告。做得还不够。我不认为我们利用了现有的时间，我只是不知道为什么。” 鲍威尔在接受美国广播公司新闻节目《20/20》的独家采访时告诉芭芭拉·沃尔特斯。
Powell, 68, who recently visited storm survivors at Reunion Arena in Dallas, said he was "deeply moved" by the families displaced by the devastating storm and was critical of the preparations for Hurricane Katrina. "I think there have been a lot of failures at a lot of levels -- local, state and federal. There was more than enough warning over time about the dangers to New Orleans. Not enough was done. I don't think advantage was taken of the time that was available to us, and I just don't know why," Powell told ABC News' Barbara Walters in an exclusive interview for "20/20."
鲍威尔并不认为种族问题，正如一些人所说的那样，是向飓风灾民提供救援工作进展缓慢的原因。“我不认为这是种族主义，我认为这是经济问题，”他告诉沃尔特斯。
Powell doesn't think race was a factor in the slow delivery of relief to the hurricane victims as some have suggested. "I don't think it's racism, I think it's economic," he told Walters.
“当你看到那些无法逃离的人，每个人都应该明白，当你下令强制疏散时，你不能指望每个人都能自己撤离。这些人没有信用卡;在新奥尔良那个经济水平上，只有十分之一的家庭拥有汽车。所以这不是一个种族问题，而是这个国家的非裔美国人受到了不成比例的贫困影响。这是因为他们很穷。”他说。
"When you look at those who weren't able to get out, it should have been a blinding flash of the obvious to everybody that when you order a mandatory evacuation, you can't expect everybody to evacuate on their own. These are people who don't have credit cards; only one in 10 families at that economic level in New Orleans have a car. So it wasn't a racial thing -- but poverty disproportionately affects African-Americans in this country. And it happened because they were poor," he said.
伊拉克战争成为记录上的“污点”
Making False Case for Iraq War a 'Blot' on Record
2005年1月鲍威尔离开布什政府时，外界普遍认为他与国防部长唐纳德·拉姆斯菲尔德和副总统迪克·切尼在外交政策选择上存在分歧。
When Powell left the Bush administration in January 2005, he was widely seen as having been at odds with Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld and Vice President Dick Cheney over foreign policy choices.
正是鲍威尔告诉联合国和全世界，萨达姆·侯赛因拥有大规模杀伤性武器，构成了迫在眉睫的威胁。他告诉沃尔特斯，他对自己在那个声名狼藉的演讲中做出的断言感到“很糟糕”——这些话后来被证明是错误的。
It was Powell who told the United Nations and the world that Saddam Hussein had weapons of mass destruction and posed an imminent threat. He told Walters that he feels "terrible" about the claims he made in that now-infamous address -- assertions that later proved to be false.
当被问及他是否觉得这玷污了自己的声誉时，他说：“当然会。这是一个污点。是我代表美国向全世界展示了它，而且[它]将永远是我记录的一部分。这很痛苦。现在很痛苦。”
When asked if he feels it has tarnished his reputation, he said, "Of course it will. It's a blot. I'm the one who presented it on behalf of the United States to the world, and [it] will always be a part of my record. It was painful. It's painful now."
他并没有因为所说的误导性信息而指责前中央情报局局长乔治·特尼特，他在发表演讲前进行了数天的仔细研究;他指责情报系统。
He doesn't blame former CIA Director George Tenet for the misleading information he says he pored over for days before delivering his speech; he faults the intelligence system.
“乔治·特纳特并没有在那里坐了5天，误导我。他相信他给我的东西是准确的。情报系统没有很好地工作，”他说。
"George Tenet did not sit there for five days with me misleading me. He believed what he was giving to me was accurate. … The intelligence system did not work well," he said.
鲍威尔说，尽管如此，情报界一些低级别的人员让他和国家失望。“当时情报界有一些人知道这些消息来源不好，并不可靠，他们没有说出来。这把我毁了，”他说。
Nonetheless, Powell said, some lower-level personnel in the intelligence community failed him and the country. "There were some people in the intelligence community who knew at that time that some of these sources were not good, and shouldn't be relied upon, and they didn't speak up. That devastated me," he said.
虽然鲍威尔最终支持总统入侵伊拉克的决定，但他承认他对发动战争犹豫不决。“我一直是一个不情愿的战士。我不讨厌这个词，我欣赏这个词，但是当总统决定这个政权继续违反所有这些联合国决议是不可容忍的，我支持他使用武力，”他说。
While Powell ultimately supported the president's decision to invade Iraq, he acknowledges that he was hesitant about waging war. "I'm always a reluctant warrior. And I don't resent the term, I admire the term, but when the president decided that it was not tolerable for this regime to remain in violation of all these U.N. resolutions, I'm right there with him with the use of force," he said.
鲍威尔对沃尔特斯说，他对外界批评他把忠诚放在领导地位之上的说法并不在意。“忠诚是我很看重的品质，是的，我很忠诚。有些人会说，‘嗯，你不应该支持它。你应该辞职的。’但我很高兴萨达姆·侯赛因走了。我很高兴那个政权消失了，”他说。
Powell told Walters he is unfazed by criticism that he put loyalty to the president over leadership. "Loyalty is a trait that I value, and yes, I am loyal. And there are some who say, 'Well, you shouldn't have supported it. You should have resigned.' But I'm glad that Saddam Hussein is gone. I'm glad that that regime is gone," he said.
当沃尔特斯向鲍威尔强调支持问题时，考虑到入侵造成的“混乱”，鲍威尔说，“谁知道整个混乱会是什么样子?”
When Walters pressed Powell about that support, given the "mess" that the invasion has yielded, Powell said, "Who knew what the whole mess was going to be like?"
鲍威尔说，他很高兴萨达姆政权被推翻，但他承认，他没有看到萨达姆·侯赛因与9·11恐怖袭击有联系的证据。他告诉沃尔特斯：“我从来没有见到过联系……我不能不这样想，因为我从来没有看到证据表明存在这种联系。” 
While he said he is glad that Saddam's regime was toppled, Powell acknowledged that he has seen no evidence of a link between Saddam Hussein and the 9/11 terrorist attack. "I have never seen a connection. ... I can't think otherwise because I'd never seen evidence to suggest there was one," he told Walters.
尽管与政府存在分歧，鲍威尔表示，他从未考虑辞职以示抗议。他告诉沃尔特斯：“我不是一个半途而废的人。这不是一个道德问题，也不是积极领导失败的表现。我们知道我们将面临什么，当情况变得艰难时，你不能退出。”。
Despite his differences with the administration, Powell said he never considered resigning in protest. "I'm not a quitter. And it wasn't a moral issue, or an act of a failure of an active leadership. It was knowing what we were heading into, and when the going got rough, you don't walk out," he told Walters.
在伊拉克坚持到底
Stay the Course in Iraq
当被问及他将在伊拉克采取什么措施时，鲍威尔说：“我认为除了继续投资伊拉克武装部队，并尽我们所能增加其规模、能力和实力之外，别无选择。”
When asked what steps he would take in Iraq, Powell said, "I think there is little choice but to keep investing in the Iraqi armed forces, and to do everything we can to increase their size and their capability and their strength," he said.
不过，他对政府入侵后的一些计划提出了质疑。“我们没有在战争结束后立即将我们的意志强加给整个国家，我们自己有足够的军队，有足够的联军部队，或者，通过重建伊拉克军队，武装部队，比我们现在做得更快。如果我们能做些不同的事情，事情可能不会变得如此糟糕。但是现在是一个困难的局面，不过困难的局面是要应对和解决的，而不是逃避。”
Still, he questions some of the administration's post-invasion planning. "What we didn't do in the immediate aftermath of the war was to impose our will on the whole country, with enough troops of our own, with enough troops from coalition forces, or, by re-creating the Iraqi forces, armed forces, more quickly than we are doing now. And it may not have turned out to be such a mess if we had done some things differently. But it is now a difficult situation, but difficult situations are there to be worked on and solved, not walked away from, not cutting and running from."
鲍威尔说，他对辛迪·希恩和其他在伊拉克受伤或死亡的人的母亲和家人的情况很敏感，但他强调，士兵们冒着生命危险是为了一个有价值的目标。当被问及他会对希恩说些什么时，她每天在布什位于德克萨斯州的克劳福德农场附近举行反战抗议活动，吸引了媒体的注意，他告诉沃尔特斯，他会对任何遭受如此痛苦的母亲说些什么:“我们此感到遗憾，但你所爱的人是在为国家和事业服务时牺牲的。
Powell said he is sensitive to Cindy Sheehan and other mothers and family members whose loved ones have been wounded or killed in Iraq, but stressed that soldiers are risking their lives for a worthy purpose. When asked what he would say to Sheehan, who has grabbed media attention with her daily anti-war protests near Bush's Crawford, Texas, ranch, he told Walters he'd tell her what he'd tell any mother who suffered such a loss: "We regret the loss, but your loved one died in service to the nation and in service to the cause."
他承认，如果一个家庭认为战争是不公正的，那么失去所爱的人的痛苦将会加剧。“如果他们不觉得这场战争是正义的，那么他们就会一直觉得这是一个巨大的个人损失，我同情希恩女士。但这还没有结束。这场冲突还没有结束，我刚才描述的替代方案本质上是说，‘没关系，我们要走了。’我不认为这是美国的选择。”
He acknowledged that the pain of losing a loved one would be heightened if a family feels the war is unjust. "If they don't feel the war is just, then they'll always feel that it is a deep personal loss and I sympathize with Ms. Sheehan. But this is not over. This conflict is not over, and the alternative to what I just described is essentially saying, 'Nevermind, we're leaving.' And I don't think that is an option for the United States."
继续阅读
阅读原文
关键词
美国
of the
伊拉克
in the
to be