孩子读完一个故事后,爸爸妈妈最喜欢问的就是:“这个故事讲了什么呀?”
这个问题听起来好像不难,回答起来却真不容易。尤其是遇到情节略微复杂的故事,孩子很可能会东一句西一句,七拼八凑没有条理。爸爸妈妈不满意,孩子也觉得很无趣。
其实,爸爸妈妈这样问的目的是想引导孩子把故事复述出来,也就是用自己的话将故事讲一遍。在复述的过程中,孩子不仅能锻炼表达能力,还能调动自己的知识储备,将故事和现实联系起来。
所以,复述是一种行之有效的阅读技巧。
今天我们就给大家介绍一种非常好用的复述方法,叫作Five Finger Retell(五指复述法)
如图所示,五根手指分别代表了五个要素:人物、背景、问题、情节和结果。
大拇指:故事中出现了哪些人物。
食指:故事发生的时间和地点。
中指:故事中的人物遇到了什么问题。
无名指:为了解决问题,故事中的人物做了什么事情。
小指:最后问题是怎么解决的。
我们可以用这个办法,循序渐进地引导孩子复述故事。比如:先完成大拇指和食指,根据孩子的情况,每隔一段时间加入一根手指。
下面我们通过一本英文电子书来实践一下“五指复述法”。
《Susie Sunflower》
向日葵苏西)
There was once a forest full of tall trees and plants.
The forest was very green.
The little animals of the forest were cozy, but they were sad.
They wanted to see sunlight.
从前,有一片长满大树和各种植物的树林。
这片树林郁郁葱葱。
树林里的小动物们生活得很舒服,可是它们却开心不起来。
(因为)它们想看见阳光。
“Mr. Tree, could you move over please? We want to see the sun,” said Lily the flower.
“I don't have feet,” said Mr. Tree.
“How can I move without feet?” he asked.
“We've been in the shade for a long time. We want to see the bright light of the sun,” said Sam the squirrel.
“大树先生,请问你能向旁边移动一下吗?我们想看到太阳。”百合花莉莉说。
“我没有脚。”大树先生说。
“没有脚,我该怎么移动呢?”他问。
“我们已经在阴影里待了太久太久了。我们想看到太阳明亮的光芒。”松鼠萨姆说。
One day, a bright yellow flower began to grow in the forest.
The animals were surprised to see a flower in the shady forest.
“Look! A bright, yellow flower!” said Lily.
一天,树林里开始长出一朵鲜艳的黄色花朵。
动物们看到阴暗的树林里长出了这样一朵花,都吃了一惊。
“看!一朵鲜艳的、黄色的花!”莉莉说。
“Hello! I‘m Susie Sunflower,” said the yellow flower.
“Why do you look so sad?” she asked.
The animals shared their story with Susie.
“你们好!我是向日葵苏西!”黄色的花朵说。
“为什么你们看起来这么难过?”她问。
小动物们把它们的故事讲给苏西听。
“How did you grow to be so tall?” asked Dina Daisy.
Susie looked at the animals.
“Don't be sad,” she said. “The sun helped me. I will help you.”
“你是怎么长到这么高的呀?”小雏菊迪娜问。
苏西看看小动物们。
“别难过。”她说,“是太阳帮助了我。我会帮助你们的。”
Susie grew and grew.
She grew so tall that she was taller than the trees.
The animals were shocked.
They watched Susie grow until they couldn't see her anymore.
苏西长啊长啊。
她长得非常高,比大树还要高。
小动物们都惊呆了。
他们看着苏西长啊长啊,直到再也看不到她了。
Susie grew so tall that she reached the sun.
“Hello, Mr. Sun,” Susie said. “Can you please send sunshine to the plants and animals of the forest?”
The sun smiled.
苏西长得太高了,她来到了太阳面前。
“你好,太阳先生,”苏西说,“请问你能把阳光洒到那片树林里,洒到那里的植物和小动物们身上吗?”
太阳微笑起来。
Susie bent down to tell the animals about her visit to Mr. Sun.
Soon the forest became a brighter place.
The plants and animals were happy.
苏西弯下腰,把她拜访太阳先生的事情讲给小动物们听。
不久,这片树林变成了一个更加明亮的地方。
植物和动物们都很开心。
故事读完了,和孩子一起,跟随我们的问题来试着复述一下吧。
大拇指:What animals were in the story?(故事中有哪些动物?)
食指:Where did the story take place? (故事发生在什么地方?)
中指:What was the problem in the story? (在这个故事里,小动物们遇到了什么问题?)
无名指:What did the animals do in the story?(小动物们为了解决问题做了什么事?)
小指:How was the problem resolved? (最后问题是怎么解决的?)
这样的练习不仅能提高孩子的表达能力,还能潜移默化地提高写作能力哦。
更多好玩好看的英文电子书,请移步常青藤爸爸APP-看-英文电子书
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