航运乱象盘点！海运费涨，附加费越来越多！集装箱短缺，一柜难求！尽早制定发货计划！（附船公司缺箱情况）

受到疫情的影响，全球贸易陷入缓慢状态，经历了上半年的航运需求大跌后，终于8月开始，中国航线运输需求逐渐恢复。

需求恢复的同时，海运市场也迎来了极其“混乱”的2020，国内集装箱大量短缺的情况下，各个港口无一幸免，而船公司海运费和附加费也在不断加价。

面对市场的火爆，再次提醒，各位货主货代朋友们，涨价缺箱潮短期内预计不会消失，大家合理安排出货，尽早制定出货计划。

航运乱象之一：

海运费居高不下，附加费越来越多

10月份非洲航线涨价100%、美线上涨60%、欧线上涨50%之后，11月份东南亚正式涨价，中东印巴也将在11月底前大涨一波。

截止到11月11日，南美东、南美西、加勒比航线运价持续疯涨，分别飙升至4600美金、4800美金、5000美金。

海运费涨价的通知想必大家已经见怪不怪了，那么为什么大家最近看到了越来越多附加费加征通知呢？

据业内人士称：海运费是有市场监管的，而附加费则无人监管。

那么就好理解为什么现在不断有附加费加征通知了，说到底就是需要支付的运费越来越多。根据不完全统计，11月将有超10项的附加费开始加征。

CMA征收中国至非洲高箱附加费

CMA公告，自11月16日起，对从亚洲（包括中国，中国台湾，韩国，东南亚，印度东海岸，孟加拉国，斯里兰卡，日本除外）出发，目的港范围为非洲（东西海岸，南非）的40尺高箱，征收每箱200美元的附加费。

Due to the strong demand for containers in Asia, CMA CGM informs its customers of the rate increase applied to 40' HC containers bound for Africa as follows :

Effective immediately for all new bookings to be loaded as from November 16th, 2020 until further notice:

From Asia including China, Taiwan, South Korea, South East Asia, East Coast of India, Bangladesh & Sri Lanka (Japan excluded)

To Africa (West Coast, East Coast & South Africa)

Cargo: 40' HC dry containers

Quantum: USD 200 per unit

CMA征收中国至地中海和北非旺季附加费

CMA公告，自11月15日起，对来自亚洲所有港口目的地为地中海和北非所有港口的所有货物。征收旺季附加费，费用为300美元/TEU、600美元/FEU。

Please find the Peak Season Surcharge (PSS) rates (*) applicable as follows as from November 15th, 2020 (date of loading in the origin ports) until further notice:

This PSS will apply as follows:

Origin Range: From all Asian ports

Destination Range: To all Mediterranean & North Africa ports

Cargo: all cargo

Date of application: From November 15th, 2020 (date of loading in the origin ports) until further notice

Amounts: USD 300 per 20' | USD 600 per 40'

(for Syria: EUR 300 per 20' | EUR 600 per 40')

CMA征收中国至俄罗斯远东旺季附加费

CMA公告，自2020年11月22日起，针对所有中国出口至俄罗斯海参崴和东方港的普柜和特种柜征收$125/TEU的旺季附加费。

Please find the Peak Season Surcharge (PSS) rates applicable as from November 22nd, 2020 (date of loading in the origin ports) until further notice.

This PSS will apply as follows:

Origin : From all Chinese ports
Destination : To Vladivostok & Vostochny, Russia
Cargo: Dry & OOG
Amount: USD 125 per TEU
Date of application: November 22nd, 2020 (date of loading in the origin ports) until further notice

CMA征收新西兰港口拥堵费PCS

CMA公告，对新西兰奥克兰港征收$200/TEU的PCS。针对中国出口的货物，自起运港ETD 11月17日开始生效。

Consequently, CMA CGM informs its customers that a Port Congestion Surchargeof USD 200 per TEU (both standard & reefer containers) will be introduced for all containers arriving/departing Auckland.

Application dates are as follows

Non US Trades:

Export cargo for all vessels departing Auckland on or after November 17th, 2020
Import cargo to Auckland for all vessels departing origin on or after November 17th, 2020

US Trades:

Export cargo for all vessels departing Auckland on or after December 3rd, 2020
Import cargo to Auckland for all vessels received at origin on or after December 3rd, 2020

Payment: Collect for imports and on prepaid basis for exports

CMA征收东南非GRR

CMA公告，自提单日ETD11月15日开始，针对亚洲出口至东非和南非的所有普柜和特种柜的海运费上涨$300/TEU。

Effective November 15th, 2020 (B/L date):

From Asia including China, Taiwan, South Korea, South East Asia, East Coast of India, Bangladesh & Sri Lanka (Japan excluded)

To Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique (all ports) & South Africa (all ports)

All cargo dry, OOG and breakbulk

Quantum: USD 300/TEU

CMA征收巴西LWS

CMA公告，自2020年10月21日至2020年12月21日（除美国及美属地区自11月20日起），针对巴西Manaus进口货物征收普柜$150/TEU、冻柜$250每柜的LWS，费用预付。

CMA CGM reminds a Low Water Surcharge (LWS) is applicable to all cargo to Manaus, Brazil as follows:

Port: Manaus, Brazil
Perimeter: Imports into Manaus
Cargo: Dry & Reefer
Amounts: USD 150 per TEU dry | USD 250 per Reefer unit
Payment: Prepaid
Application (all origins except US to Manaus): From October 21st to December 21st, 2020
Application (US & territories to Manaus): From November 20th to December 21st, 2020

CMA征收英国南安普顿港港口拥堵费

英国南安普顿港自11月1日起征收港口拥堵费$150/TEU

CMA CGM announced a series of General Rate Restoration (GRR) and PSS (Port Congestion Surchage) effective from Nov. 1st, covering Asia - North Europe trade, Indian Suncontinent, South Africa and East Africa, etc.. Compared with other carriers, CMA's publishment
Due to the congestion at the port of Southampton, our operational costs have significantly increased over the past weeks.
In this respect, please be informed that CMA CGM will be implementing a Port Congestion Surcharge as follows:
From all Asian ports (including Japan, South East Asia & Bangladesh)
To Southampton, UK
Amount: USD 150 per TEU
Cargo: Dry, Reefer, OOG & Paying empties
Application date: November 1st, 2020 until further notice

赫伯罗特征收苏丹港CGD

Hapag-Lloyd公告，自提单日ETD 11月17日开始，针对所有出口至Port Sudan（北美和亚洲除外）的货柜征收300欧元/TEU的拥堵费。

In order to maintain a continued high level of service to you, we will implement aCongestion Surcharge (CGD)for all container types from all locations (except North America and Asia Ports) to Port Sudan.
EffectiveNovember 17, 2020and until further notice the CGD will be as follows:

赫伯罗特征收EIS"升柜费"

赫伯罗特公告，自2020年11月15日起，针对中国大陆、澳门和香港出口到地中海和北欧基本港的40HC，征收$175每柜的“升柜费”。由于其GRI/PSS还未宣布，可能是变相GRI或者再来一波小额GRI，可以结合最终的all-in价格来看。

In a continued effort to provide you with a high level of service and equipment supply, we will apply an Equipment Imbalance Surcharge (EIS) for all 40’High Cube Containers on the westbound trade from China, Macau and Hong Kong to Mediterranean and North Continent ports.

Effective for sailings as of
November 15, 2020
tariffing date and valid until further notice:

USD 175 per 40’HC

The Ocean Tariff rates as well as Bunker-related surcharges, Security-related surcharges, Terminal Handling Charges (THCs) remain unchanged respectively as announced and can be found here.

Other local charges and contingency surcharges may apply in addition.

航运乱象之二：

集装箱短缺，一柜难求

近期几个月集装箱在全球分布严重不均，部分地区严重不足，部分国家又严重积压。目前亚洲航运市场集装箱短缺现象尤为严重，尤其是在中国。上海、宁波、青岛以及连云港等港集装箱短缺的情况在过去一周加剧，而船舶延误加剧了混乱和集装箱短缺。

包括船公司马士基、赫伯罗特等，以及全球前三大集装箱设备租赁公司的Textainer和Triton都表示，未来几个月内集装箱将继续短缺，在明年2月中旬之前，集装箱供需状况还难以恢复平衡，集装箱短缺将持续到2021年春节之后。

那么我国的港口哪种类型的柜子比较严重短缺？船公司在我国的哪些港口又比较缺柜呢？下面汇总8家船公司在我国主要港口的柜子短缺如下：