【在美生活】回不回？秋季开学新政策原文解读

今天美国总统川普会就秋季开学发表讲话，不过就算总统让所有公立学校秋季必须开学，各州会怎么执行，很难说。目前大部分学校都不会一刀切，应该会提供两种选择。

在这之前，小编想和大家分析一下昨天的关于国际学生不能都上网课的新闻，最后附上原文供大家参考。

对于国际学生，昨天（7月6日），美国移民和海关执法局（ICE）宣布，如果大学转为全部在线授课，那么在这些大学攻读学位的国际学生将有失去F-1\M-1学生签证的危险。

"Active students currently in the United States enrolled in such programs must depart the country or take other measures, such as transferring to a school with in-person instruction to remain in lawful status," read a release from ICE's Student and Exchange Visitor Program. "If not, they may face immigration consequences including, but not limited to, the initiation of removal proceedings."

具体如下：

1）秋季入学国际学生很有可能不能留在美国，如果全部上网课。

所以，现在国内申请秋季美国大学入学的同学，需要注意一下录取自己的program的具体情况，如果是百分百网上授课，那很可能拿不到签证，就算拿到签证，入关那里也会被卡住。

而已经在美国的国际学生如果是全部网课，必须采取措施，比如转入不是全网课的program，或者只能回国。

2）学生签证（F签证），正常情况下，允许最多修一门网上课程，或者3学分的网上课程。

一般来说，如果是研究生院，一学期最少要修三门课，共9个学分，可以多修，不能少修。高年级的研究RA有的是4个学分，就是进实验室给教授打工。具体多少学分能保持身份，在各大学的国际学生处都能查到。

3）混合教学的学校（线上和实体同时），将会允许选择超过一门课，或者三个学分的网上课程。

混合教学的学校必须是Student and Exchange Visitor Information System (SEVIS)注册的，并且在I-20上明确，学生不是全网课，program不是全部网上教学，学生上的网课是最少必须的。F-1学生和M-1学生的语言课程不在上述范围内。

最后，如果课程发生变化，比如原来是实体课程，变成了线上课程，或者国际学生选课从实体变成线上课程，学校有责任十天内更新系统，

国际学生可以离境，减少线上课程，或者适当休病假。

目前据Chronicle of Higher Education 统计了大约1090所大学，大约有9%的学校打算百分百网课，60%打算开实体课，24%打算混合教学。

哈佛大学本周一宣布，所有本科研究生课程都网上，但是会让40%的本科生（包括所有一年级本科新生）回到校园。校长Larry Bacow对一刀切的做法表示不同意，认为这样会中断学生的学业。

而包括莱斯大学、普渡大学在内的美国多家大学都打算秋季线上和实体课程同时开。所以只要在正规大学上课，肯定能找到解决的办法。

目前各个学校都在想办法解决国际学生的签证要求上实体课的问题，研究生有老板的容易些，可以选研究学分，本科生如果学校有实体课，尽量选实体课，如果没有，又不打算回国，可以咨询国际学生学者办公室，看看能不能转学到有实体课的学校。

实际上ICE的这个政策很早就有，主要是针对那些野鸡大学，所以正常情况如果国际学生想选择很多网上课程，国际学生办公室都会提醒国际学生网课会影响F1签证的。所以大家都尽量不选网课而且都知道要选够一定学分才能保持F1签证。而这次由于疫情，春季和夏季课程都线上了，秋季ICE开始严格，弄得人心惶惶。

这次的事情让小编想起了911，留学生政策，工作签证，真的是一天一变，大家也是难的很，有的学生不敢毕业，有的时候又错过毕业的良机。所以，大家要多往好处想想，回国能和家人团聚，留下能充实自己。

总之，先问学校，再做决定，总有解决的办法

。打算回国上网课省生活费的学生，最好提前和学校确认一下学校关于政策的解读，

留一个国内可以随时查看的电邮

，gmail在国内连接会比较麻烦，很多时候连不上。就算错过一学期，或者一年，等过几年以再回头看，和身体健康比，都不是大事。

美国驻华大使馆已经开放八月份的签证预约，有需要的朋友可以去刷刷，情况会好的。

---------------------------------------------------------------

ICE原文如下：

"WASHINGTON – The Student and Exchange Visitor Program (SEVP) announced modifications Monday to temporary exemptions for nonimmigrant students taking online classes due to the pandemic for the fall 2020 semester. The U.S. Department of Homeland Security plans to publish the procedures and responsibilities in the Federal Register as a Temporary Final Rule.

Temporary exemptions for the fall 2020 semester include:

Nonimmigrant F-1 and M-1 students attending schools operating entirely online may not take a full online course load and remain in the United States. The U.S. Department of State will not issue visas to students enrolled in schools and/or programs that are fully online for the fall semester nor will U.S. Customs and Border Protection permit these students to enter the United States. Active students currently in the United States enrolled in such programs must depart the country or take other measures, such as transferring to a school with in-person instruction to remain in lawful status. If not, they may face immigration consequences including, but not limited to, the initiation of removal proceedings.
Nonimmigrant F-1 students attending schools operating under normal in-person classes are bound by existing federal regulations. Eligible F students may take a maximum of one class or three credit hours online.
Nonimmigrant F-1 students attending schools adopting a hybrid model—that is, a mixture of online and in person classes—will be allowed to take more than one class or three credit hours online. These schools must certify to SEVP, through the Form I-20, “Certificate of Eligibility for Nonimmigrant Student Status,” certifying that the program is not entirely online, that the student is not taking an entirely online course load this semester, and that the student is taking the minimum number of online classes required to make normal progress in their degree program. The above exemptions do not apply to F-1 students in English language training programs or M-1 students pursing vocational degrees, who are not permitted to enroll in any online courses.

Schools should update their information in the Student and Exchange Visitor Information System (SEVIS) within 10 days of the change if they begin the fall semester with in-person classes but are later required to switch to only online classes, or a nonimmigrant student changes their course selections, and as a result, ends up taking an entirely online course load. Nonimmigrant students within the United States are not permitted to take a full course of study through online classes. If students find themselves in this situation, they must leave the country or take alternative steps to maintain their nonimmigrant status such as a reduced course load or appropriate medical leave.

Due to COVID-19, SEVP instituted a temporary exemption regarding online courses for the spring and summer semesters. This policy permitted nonimmigrant students to take more online courses than normally permitted by federal regulation to maintain their nonimmigrant status during the COVID-19 emergency.

F-1 nonimmigrant students pursue academic coursework and M-1 nonimmigrant students pursue vocational coursework while studying in the United States.

Last Reviewed/Updated: 07/06/2020 "

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