截至目前，中国外文局已经分四批，先后发布了经其审定后的513（180+134+95+104）个与新冠肺炎疫情相关的词汇。本文采用倒序的方式，将其一一呈现出来。
第四批 新冠肺炎疫情相关词汇，英语怎么说？
中国外文局牵头组建的国家重大翻译项目审定工作委员会以及配套建立的中国翻译研究院重点翻译任务统筹工作机制，深入学习领会习近平总书记在统筹推进新冠肺炎疫情防控和经济社会发展工作部署会议上的讲话精神，聚焦疫情防控、经济社会发展、宣传发布和国际交流合作四个类别，策划整理、翻译审定了第四批新冠肺炎疫情相关词汇英文表达，供业界及相关人员参考使用。
to control the sources of infection and cut off the channels of transmissionto break the chains of transmissionto make every possible effort to curb the spread of the diseaseto build stringent lines of defense across societyto channel both material and human resources down to the community levelcapacity for prevention and control at the community levelEmphasis is needed on both prevention and treatment.to strengthen the legal framework of public healthunified emergency supply systemkey regions in epidemic prevention and controlnon-key regions; regions that are not critical in the epidemic prevention and control effortlow-, medium-, high-risk regionsto improve the admission and cure rates and reduce the infection and fatality ratesto focus on stemming the spread at the community level and having all patients cared forto prevent the coronavirus from spreading within the city/region or beyondto prevent the coronavirus from re-entering the country to cause a new epidemicjoint prevention and control efforts in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Regionto provide full protection and care to medical workers fighting against the epidemicto better schedule rotating shiftsscientific prevention and proper training for medical workersto make sure that essential supplies can be rapidly directed to personnel in key postsdrug and vaccine developmentto redirect inbound flights to designated airportscases resulting from virus carriers traveling from abroad; patients infected by virus carriers traveling from abroadto ensure a seamless and hermetic process for managing the quarantine and monitoring of travelers arriving in Chinaserious concern for the public goodto enforce/practice social distancingto ensure the “last kilometer” delivery of daily necessitiesto report no domestic cases; to report zero local cases; to record no locally transmitted infectionsThe battle against the epidemic has arrived at a crucial moment.32.以武汉市为主战场的全国本土疫情传播已基本阻断The domestic coronavirus outbreak, centered in the city of Wuhan, has been contained in China / is now effectively under control in China.to strengthen confidence and solidarity and take science-based and targeted measuresModeration is required in epidemic prevention and control.to put officials to the test on the frontlineto remove from their posts officials who abandon the frontline at critical momentsto eliminate risks at the source and resolving problems when they first appearto prevail over the epidemic; to beat the epidemic; to win the battle against the epidemic
to apply a flexible approach to the resumption of workto resume work and normal lifeto coordinate epidemic prevention and control with economic and social development42.中国经济韧性强劲，内需空间广阔，产业基础雄厚China’s economy enjoys strong resilience, broad space for domestic demand, and a solid industrial foundation.The situation is witnessing positive changes.to downgrade their emergency response level in due course and make dynamic adjustmentsto minimize the impact of the epidemic on social and economic developmentto expand capacity and increase output in a variety of waysphased and targeted tax and fee breaksgovernment interest subsidiesto tap into unallocated fundsto scale up the issuance of special bonds by local governmentsstructure of investment from the government budgetto set aside credit for key regions in epidemic prevention and controlto provide special credit linesto cut or cancel interest rates on loans to small and micro businessesto take multi-pronged measures, including reducing corporate burdens, keeping the payroll stable, and creating more jobsto provide assistance specifically designed to suit different regions, enterprises and peoplepoint-to-point transport servicesflexible employment through multiple channelsonline registration of unemployment and application for unemployment security insurancegraduation and job placement of college studentsto accurately connect both ends of labor transferenterprises and workshops that employ local workers and play a major role in poverty alleviationto coordinate production and salesto help farmers in poor areas solve difficulties in selling their produce and livestockto establish a sound mechanism to prevent any return to poverty / prevent any relapse into povertyto smooth travel and logistics channelsto lift cargo transport bansspring-season agricultural activitiesspring farming and preparationsystems of holding provincial governors accountable for grain supplies and city mayors for daily food suppliesproduction, distribution, and supply of agricultural productsto maintain an overall balance in the market for daily necessitiesto ensure the availability of basic public servicesto make full and best use of foreign trade policy toolsto simplify procedures for customs clearanceto offer more services to facilitate foreign exchange transactionsto take firm action against epidemic-related crimes
to standardize and improve the information release mechanismto disseminate information on epidemic prevention and controlto promote best practices in prevention and control from across the countryto provide timely responses to public concernsThe release of epidemic information must be open, transparent, timely and accurate as prescribed by the law.to promote high moral standards throughout societyto strengthen online communicationto meet people's evolving ways of acquiring information
China-WHO Joint Mission on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) to express sympathy and support by telephone, letter or statement91.向其他出现疫情扩散的国家和地区提供力所能及的援助to provide assistance within our capacity to other countries and regions affected by the pandemicto rise up to the challenge and respond to it bravelytimely sharing of information with the international communityto avoid stigmatizing a country or particular groupto call for urgent and aggressive actionto enhance policy coordination between countriesto offer supplies in support of the fight against the pandemicto send medical teams to help combat the coronavirusIt is never too late to get the pandemic under control.to contain the global spread of the virusto take the most comprehensive, rigorous and thorough measures102.对中国人民生命安全和身体健康负责，也是在为世界公共卫生事业作贡献to act responsibly in protecting the safety and health of its people, and contribute to safeguarding global public healthto form strong synergies to beat the pandemicto support each other/to stand closely together in difficult times
第三批 新冠肺炎疫情相关词汇，英语怎么说？
中国外文局牵头组建的国家重大翻译项目审定工作委员会以及配套建立的中国翻译研究院重点翻译任务统筹工作机制，按政策举措、防控救治、社会生活、医学名词和其他语汇共五个类别，策划整理、翻译审定了第三批新冠肺炎疫情相关词汇英文表达，供业界及相关人员参考使用。
1.领导能力、应对能力、组织动员能力、贯彻执行能力the ability to lead, respond, mobilize, and to execute ordersscience-based approach in fighting the epidemicnational vaccine reserve systemearly warning and forecasting mechanism for epidemic prevention and controlto adjust the emergency response levelto develop a national biosecurity risk control and management systemdeeper international cooperation on epidemic prevention and control / containment measurestwo-year custodian service for household registration and personal filesto create more jobs locallyto assist businesses, stabilize employment, and create more jobs to prioritize the employment of poor migrant workers reduction of and exemption from corporate social insurance premiums (to allow) deferred social security contributions social insurance system; social security system preferential support measures to make full use of the medical assistance fund to ensure that medical bills (of COVID-19 patients) are paid promptly(to streamline/implement procedures) to identify and facilitate compensation for work-related infections mask reservation and purchasealcohol-based disinfectantantibiotic hand sanitizerto ensure that sewers are not clogged strict control of imported infection area for temporary quarantineto strengthen research on the traceability and transmission mechanism of the virus to share the genetic sequence of the virus revision of diagnostic criteria All suspected and confirmed patients should be admitted to the hospital. All confirmed patients should be treated.centralized treatment of medical waste
MOOC (Massive Open Online Courses) to sign an employment contract online employee health monitoring and reporting health certificate for returning to work proof of travel; travel records to address labor shortage poverty alleviation by developing industriespoverty alleviation by consuming products and services from poor areasto support farmers and agricultureto stimulate consumption stifled by the outbreak (self-driving) delivery robot community wholesale program non-physical-contact sales service to effectively fill the gap between supply and demand declaration of health status passenger load factor (PLF） Spring Festival travel rush around-the-clock construction extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)underlying medical conditionsentrance for medical staff partially contaminated area
We will not proclaim success until we have secured the final victory over COVID-19.True heroes arise in times of hardship.Public health security is a common challenge for humanity.89.生命安全和生物安全领域的重大科技成果是国之重器。Major scientific and technological achievements in the fields of life safety and biosecurity are of vital importance to our country. This is a crisis and also a test.China has demonstrated strength, character and efficiency in fighting against the epidemic. a responsible major countryseverely-hit regions (areas); areas (regions) with high infection rates
第二批！新冠肺炎疫情相关词汇，英语怎么说？
习近平总书记在统筹推进新冠肺炎疫情防控和经济社会发展工作部署会议上强调，当前疫情形势依然严峻复杂，防控正处在最吃劲的关键阶段，要继续毫不放松抓紧抓实抓细各项防控工作，不获全胜决不轻言成功。
中国翻译研究院重点翻译任务统筹工作机制继续发挥作用，按照决策部署、防控救治、专有名词、机构场所、社会生活、其他语汇六个类别，搜集整理、翻译审定了第二批新冠肺炎疫情相关词汇英文表达，共134条，供业界及相关人员参考使用。
Saving lives is of paramount importance.Go where there is epidemic, fight it till it perishes.declare an all-out war on the epidemicbe determined to fight and win the battle against the epidemic by mobilizing all resources, and blocking the spread of the virus ensure a coordinated national responsethe front line of the battle against the epidemicIf Wuhan wins, Hubei wins. If Hubei wins, the whole country wins.win the battle against the coronavirus and protect the city of Wuhanrace against the clock to assist Wuhanimplementation of science-based, legal, and targeted measures in the prevention and control of the epidemicfocus on key issues, strengthen coordination, give sector-specific guidance, and apply different policies for different areas the national public health emergency management systemimplementation of epidemic prevention and control measures in tandem with those aimed at getting the economy and society back to normal an open, transparent and responsible mannerthe national distribution center / platform for major anti-epidemic medical suppliesensure the supply of medical protective equipmentpairing assistance (a national strategy in China for one province or a major city to provide assistance to a designated region in need of help)raise the hospital admission capacityclosely monitor, timely analyze, and swiftly respond to the epidemicimprove the quality of medical treatmenttreating the infected in dedicated facilities by senior medical professionals from all over the country and with all necessary resources a dedicated team and a personalized treatment plan for each patientpriority and toll-free access27.减免养老、失业以及工伤这三项社会保险单位的缴费reduction in or an exemption from required premiums to be paid by employers for their employees’ old-age, unemployment and work-related injury insurances prevent panic and manage information properlysay NO to concealing or underreporting infectionscrack down on fake and shoddy products
Law of the People's Republic of China on Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseasesthe Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Councilthe mechanism for major epidemic prevention and controlan epidemic that can be prevented, controlled and stoppedstrengthen society-wide efforts to prevent and control the epidemicprevent the epidemic from spreading across bordersstrengthen epidemic prevention and control in key regionstake measures to help returnees from infected regions in order to prevent any possible spread of the coronavirusprevent the spread of the coronavirus from both within and without of a city (or an area)a region-specific, multi-level targeted approach to epidemic prevention and control precise and differentiated epidemic control strategiescommunity-based epidemic prevention and controlempower communities to prevent and control the spread of the coronavirusprevent the wide spread of the coronavirus in communitiescomputed tomography imagingsuccessful isolation of a novel coronavirusGuidelines on the Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia Diagnosis and Treatmentinfusions of blood plasmaconvalescent plasma therapyTCM (traditional Chinese medicine) therapycombined use of TCM and Western medicineonline diagnosis and treatmentoxy-hydrogen breathing machinefollow-up and subsequent visitspeople who brave a dangerous situation heroes in harms way (the brave, unhesitating rescuers who rush to the epicenter of the virus)或brave rescuers who go in the teeth of danger
category A infectious diseasesultra-long incubation periodclinically diagnosed casesclinical signs and symptoms或symptoms of complications92.四抗二平衡（所谓“四抗”，第一是抗病毒；第二是抗休克；第三是抗低氧血症；第四是抗继发感染。“二平衡”，即维持水电解质、酸碱平衡以及维持微生态平衡）combined use of anti-viral, anti-shock, anti-hypoxemia medication, and measures to prevent secondary infectionsmaintain the water and electrolyte balance, acid-base balance and microecological balancecompassionate use of a drug (use a drug not yet approved under the compassionate use program)
WHO China Representative OfficeGlobal Preparedness Monitoring Board (GPMB)International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV)Coronavirus Study Group (CSG)State Administration for Market Regulation (SAMR)National Medical Products Administration (NMPA)National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (NATCM)Red Cross Society of ChinaChinese Red Cross Foundation (CRCF)Wuhan Institute of VirologyAcademy of Military Medical Sciencesdisease prevention and control institutionstemporary treatment centersintensive care unit (ICU)special ward (for patients with severe conditions)infection control, clinical laboratory, special service and radiodiagnosis departments
online recruitment services或operate at full capacityresume production in an orderly manner
global public health securityWhile mountains and rivers separate us, we enjoy the same moonlight under the same sky.或miles apart but close at heartFear not the want of armor, for mine is also yours to wear.或Together we stand, my armors thine.Virus knows no borders, but the worst of times reveals the best in people.You throw a peach to me, I give you a white jade for friendship.或You toss me a peach, I give you a white jade in return.Diamond Princess cruise ship
第一批新冠病毒疫情防控相关词汇，英语怎么说？
新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎疫情发生以来，党中央高度重视。习近平总书记多次对疫情防控工作作出重要指示，强调生命重于泰山，疫情就是命令，防控就是责任，要坚决打赢疫情防控阻击战。
中国外文局中国翻译研究院翻译审定工作机制及时响应，按疫病名称，传染防控，政策举措，机构、职业群体和场所名称，病理症状，器具名称，其他医学名词等七个类别，搜集梳理、翻译审定了180条新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情相关词汇英文表达，供业界及相关人员参考使用。
2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)pneumonia of unknown etiology/causesevere acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)severe acute respiratory infection (SARI)acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)
Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) Category B infectious diseasesperson-to-person/human-to-human transmissionmobile source of infection silent/asymptomatic incubation periodspecific infectious disease covert/silent/inapparent/susceptible/vulnerable populationnosocomial infection; hospital-acquired infectiontransmissibility; infectivitypatients with fever; febrile patients; fever patientsfatality/mortality/death rateepidemic prevention and control to monitor body temperature to check body temperatureearly detection and early isolationto receive treatment in isolationto quarantine yourself in your home; self-monitored quarantine nucleic acid testing (NAT) to present yourself to medical observation to be discharged from medical observationdiagnosis, treatment, tracing and screeningto wash your hands often/carefully66.消毒 disinfectionto activate first-level public health emergency responseto have full knowledge of the situation (of the community) and leave no one uncheckedA city is on lockdown./A city goes into lockdown.to postpone the reopening of schoolsto extend the Chinese New Year holidaydisinfection, ventilation and body temperature monitoring (in public areas)Huoshenshan Hospital (in Wuhan)Leishenshan Hospital (in Wuhan)to suspend overseas group toursto cancel mass gatheringsto make fewer trips outsidetwo-week observation periodto halt long-distance busesto reduce the frequency of bus services in the cityspecial reimbursement rulesshortage of medical suppliesWorld Health Organization (WHO)109.中央应对新型冠状病毒感染肺炎疫情工作领导小组（中央应对疫情工作领导小组） Leading Group of the CPC Central Committee for Novel Coronavirus Prevention and ControlNational Health Commission (NHS)Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC)National Healthcare Security Administration (NHSA)medical practitioner; healthcare professionalmedical personnel; health workforce; health workersZhong Nanshan, a prominent Chinese expert in respiratory diseases (and a hero of the 2003 fight against SARS)intensive care unit (ICU) upper respiratory tract infection (URTI)hypoxemia; low blood oxygeninfiltration in both lungschest distress; chest oppressiondyspnea; respiratory distress; breathing difficultiesshortness of breath; panting
thermal imaging camera for temperature monitoringdisinfectant; antiseptic solutiondisinfectant/antiseptic wipesalcohol-based hand rub/sanitizernegative pressure ambulance
International Health Regulations (IHR)epidemiological investigation chronic ailment; chronic diseasehypertension; high blood pressure diabetes; diabetes mellitusmedical watch; medical observation
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